Abstract:
:In this study, host-associated molecular markers and bacterial 16S rRNA gene community analysis using high-throughput sequencing were used to identify the sources of fecal pollution in environmental waters in Brisbane, Australia. A total of 92 fecal and composite wastewater samples were collected from different host groups (cat, cattle, dog, horse, human, and kangaroo), and 18 water samples were collected from six sites (BR1 to BR6) along the Brisbane River in Queensland, Australia. Bacterial communities in the fecal, wastewater, and river water samples were sequenced. Water samples were also tested for the presence of bird-associated (GFD), cattle-associated (CowM3), horse-associated, and human-associated (HF183) molecular markers, to provide multiple lines of evidence regarding the possible presence of fecal pollution associated with specific hosts. Among the 18 water samples tested, 83%, 33%, 17%, and 17% were real-time PCR positive for the GFD, HF183, CowM3, and horse markers, respectively. Among the potential sources of fecal pollution in water samples from the river, DNA sequencing tended to show relatively small contributions from wastewater treatment plants (up to 13% of sequence reads). Contributions from other animal sources were rarely detected and were very small (<3% of sequence reads). Source contributions determined via sequence analysis versus detection of molecular markers showed variable agreement. A lack of relationships among fecal indicator bacteria, host-associated molecular markers, and 16S rRNA gene community analysis data was also observed. Nonetheless, we show that bacterial community and host-associated molecular marker analyses can be combined to identify potential sources of fecal pollution in an urban river. This study is a proof of concept, and based on the results, we recommend using bacterial community analysis (where possible) along with PCR detection or quantification of host-associated molecular markers to provide information on the sources of fecal pollution in waterways.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Ahmed W,Staley C,Sadowsky MJ,Gyawali P,Sidhu JP,Palmer A,Beale DJ,Toze Sdoi
10.1128/AEM.02032-15subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-10-01 00:00:00pages
7067-77issue
20eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.02032-15journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Adsorption of Agrobacterium tumefaciens cells to potato tuber disks reached equilibrium after coincubation for about 30 min. More than 10% of the number of bacteria bound at equilibrium were adsorbed within 30 s. Adsorption isotherms obtained at three temperatures showed that the heat of adsorption was nearly zero. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.5.1130-1132.1986
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cholera toxin genes of Vibrio cholerae are encoded by CTXΦ, a lysogenic bacteriophage. Infection with this phage plays a determinant role in toxigenicity conversion and the emergence of new clones of pathogenic V. cholerae. Multiple phage alleles, defined by sequence types of the repressor gene rstR, have been fou...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01742-15
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doi:10.1128/AEM.00705-10
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
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doi:10.1128/AEM.02181-08
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.44.4.994-995.1982
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.3.1396-1399.2001
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abstract::Restriction fragment length polymorphism and virulence analyses were used to evaluate the population structure of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the rice bacterial blight pathogen, from several rice-growing countries in Asia. Two DNA sequences from X. oryzae pv. oryzae, IS1112, an insertion sequence, and avrXa10, a me...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.3.966-971.1995
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To achieve functional bioluminescence, the developing light organ of newly hatched juveniles of the Hawaiian squid Euprymna scolopes must become colonized by luminous, symbiosis-competent Vibrio fischeri present in the ambient seawater. This benign infection occurs rapidly in animals placed in seawater from the host's...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.1.278-283.1995
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.47.1.208-209.1984
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.8.4432-4439.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02381-07
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02991-16
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.10.5879-5887.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.12.4605-4607.1994
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gibberella moniliformis (Fusarium verticillioides) is primarily a pathogen of maize, but it can also cause disease in other crop species. This pathogenicity, as well as the contamination of food- and feedstuffs with the fumonisin mycotoxins, results in economically significant losses to both farmers and food processor...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.4.1972-1979.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.6.2166-2172.1998
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01503-13
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.35.2.306-316.1978
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.11.5017-5024.2001
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02032-18
更新日期:2018-12-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.5.2001-2006.1997
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.12.3429-3432.1991
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01704-10
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.6.1040-1044.1979
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetic acid bacteria, especially Gluconobacter species, have been known to catalyze the extensive oxidation of sugar alcohols (polyols) such as D-mannitol, glycerol, D-sorbitol, and so on. Gluconobacter species also oxidize sugars and sugar acids and uniquely accumulate two different keto-D-gluconates, 2-keto-D-glucon...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.4.1959-1966.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under anoxic conditions, most methoxylated mononuclear aromatic compounds are degraded by bacteria, with catechol being formed as an important intermediate. On the basis of our experiments with the sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfobacterium sp. strain Cat2, we describe for the first time the enzymatic activities invo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.9.3396-3400.1994
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluctuations in ciliated protozoan concentrations were monitored in 40 individually fed crossbred heifers that were stepped up to an 85% concentrate diet either slowly (12 days) or rapidly (3 days), with or without monensin (30 ppm). Ruminal fluid was withdrawn from all animals by stomach tube at the start of the stud...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.10.3174-3178.1990
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in the transformation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe by electroporation is investigated by fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran uptake and transformation studies. It is shown that when S. pombe cells are electroporated in the presence of PEG, the permeability state created is sustaine...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.58.4.1201-1206.1992
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00