Abstract:
:Urticaria is a common and often debilitating dermatological condition defined by the sudden appearance of wheals, angioedema or both. It is further classified into specific subtypes based on duration and specific triggers. Awareness and understanding of urticaria are important to ensure a correct initial diagnosis and initiate appropriate guideline-based treatment outlining a stepwise approach. However, in chronic urticaria, approximately 50% of patients are refractory to the first step, the use of licensed doses of second-generation H1-antihistamines. If the second step, an increase in the dose of the second-generation H1-antihistamines, is also not successful, in the third step omalizumab (Xolair™, Novartis Pharma AG(©)/Genentech, Inc.(©)), an anti-IgE therapy, is recommended as an add-on. Of all alternative treatments mentioned in the guidelines, omalizumab is currently the only licensed treatment for H1-antihistamine-refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria, has a favorable risk/benefit ratio and was well tolerated in clinical studies.
journal_name
Expert Rev Clin Immunoljournal_title
Expert review of clinical immunologyauthors
Zuberbier T,Maurer Mdoi
10.1586/1744666X.2015.993971subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
171-80issue
2eissn
1744-666Xissn
1744-8409journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular events due to atherosclerosis. Traditional cardiac risk factors cannot fully explain this increased risk. Recent evidence strongly suggests that atherosclerotic plaque is largely driven by inflammation and an active immuno...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.10.98
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune diseases are caused by pathogenic antibody and/or T-cell responses that are left unchecked by regulatory immune mechanisms. Recent studies in immunology have focused on subsets of regulatory T cells (T(regs)) that can suppress autoimmune responses. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a subset of T(r...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2.5.745
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Inflammasomes are large multimeric intracellular complexes that are capable of maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18, in response to danger signal molecules. As a member of the inflammasome family, the NLRP3 inflammasome has recently been under intense investigation reve...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
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journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.09.70
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agammaglobulinemias are primary (inherited) immunodeficiencies characterized by the lack of functional B-cells and antibodies, and are caused by mutations in genes encoding components of the pre-B-cell or B-cell receptor, or their signaling pathways. The known genetic defects do not account for all agammaglobulinemic ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2013.850030
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 12/15-lipoxygenase (LO) cascade governs the generation of 12-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (HPETE) and 15-HPETE from arachidonic acid. The 5-LO pathway plays a fundamental role in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, essential inflammatory lipid mediators. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 biosynthetic pathways are r...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2.4.649
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beclomethasone dipropionate is a corticosteroid with topical activity for inflammatory disorders at mucosal surfaces. Oral beclomethasone dipropionate (orBec) has demonstrated activity in gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) associated with hematopoietic cell transplantation. Since the GI tract is ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.5.695
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) is controversial. However, two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reported that treatment with steroids alternated with an alkylating agent achieved significantly more remissions and better renal survival at 10 years in comparison with untreated controls. Short-ter...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.12.89
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by T-cell-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreas. Genetic and immunological evidence from humans and mouse models indicates that CD4(+) T cells play a crucial role in the development and prevention of T1D. The dichotomy between CD4(+) T regulatory and e...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.4.557
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During pregnancy and after delivery, the maternal thyroid gland faces several metabolic, hemodynamic and immunologic changes. In this article we first summarize the current knowledge on the physiologic adaptation of the healthy thyroid to pregnancy, including variations of thyroid-stimulating hormone and free thyroid ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.11.42
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In current clinical practice, immune reactivity of kidney transplant recipients is estimated by monitoring the levels of immunosuppressive drugs, and by functional and/or histological evaluation of the allograft. The availability of assays that could directly quantify the extent of the recipient's immune response towa...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.09.36
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Giant cell arteritis is a complex immune-mediated disease that involves large blood vessels in individuals older than 50 years. Recent studies have confirmed a strong association of this form of vasculitis with the HLA region, particularly with HLA class II genes. However, other non-HLA loci, such as protein tyrosine ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2016.1089173
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific allergen immunotherapy has been practiced for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis for over 100 years and is the only treatment option that is disease modifying. In the USA, immunotherapy is usually administered via subcutaneous injection; this is the only route with a US FDA-approved formulation. There is growing in...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.12.41
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Adalimumab, an inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), is the only systemic non-corticosteroid agent which has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of non-infectious uveitis. Areas covered: The aim of this review is to summarize the research which demonstrat...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2017.1288097
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which represents the major cause of death. During recent years, it has become clear that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition where immunity could play an important role. Usually, it is when atherosclerotic plaques rupture that CVD foll...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2015.993970
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Remestemcel-L, a third-party, off-the-shelf preparation of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), has been developed for experimental use in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) and other immune-mediated conditions. Several preclinical and clinical studies have indeed suggested the potent...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1208086
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the aorta and its primary branches. Initially described in young women from the Far East, it has become evident that TA is found worldwide, in both genders, and in a broader age range of patients than previously appreciated. Although t...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/eci.09.28
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a broad clinical syndrome linked by mucosal inflammation. Primary treatment modalities are corticosteroids and antibiotics with surgery an option for failures, but the level of supporting evidence is generally low. The primary reason is that CRS is a symptom complex and not ...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1220833
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Patients affected by Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) represent a potential group-at-risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Studies on large and small cohorts of IEI reported a huge variability clinical manifestations associated to SARS-Cov-2, ranging from asymptomatic, mild, moderate/severe to death. A g...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2021.1873767
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Methylation pattern of gene modification is essential for the differentiation of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine is a common inhibitor of methylation. This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of Treg polarizing conditions and 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment in the differen...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2020.1866987
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/eci.12.35
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested that the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is strongly influenced by genetic predisposition. Beyond the limitations of linkage analysis, multiple genome-wide association studies, their meta-analyses, and targeted genotyping array techniques have broade...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2016.1184972
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Host susceptibility to environmental triggers is the most likely explanation for the development of asthma. Quantifying gene expression levels in disease-relevant tissues and cell types using fast evolving genomic technologies have generated new hypotheses about the pathogenesis of asthma and identified new therapeuti...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2014.932249
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2015.1058158
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of: Tseng CE, Buyon JP, Kim M et al. The effect of moderate-dose corticosteroids in preventing severe flares in patients with serologically active, but clinically stable, systemic lupus erythematosus: findings of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 54, 3623-36...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.3.267
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2019.1561281
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent epidemiological studies estimated that more than 30% of European suffer from allergic rhinitis or conjunctivitis, while up to 20% suffer from asthma and 15% from allergic skin conditions, while for many other regions the prevalence is increasing. Allergen immunotherapy represents the only available treatment th...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2015.977260
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of antibiotics to treat pathogenic bacterial infections has been one of the greatest contributions to human health, yet antibiotic use also perturbs the communities of commensal and symbiotic bacteria that reside in the intestine of mammals. The microbiota are critical for normal immune development and for mai...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/1744666X.2013.851603
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/1744666X.3.3.365
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Biologic drugs have revolutionized the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis in recent years because of their high efficacy and low risk of toxicity. However, even within the group of biologic therapies, there are differences related to the different mechanisms of action. Areas covered: We review the m...
journal_title:Expert review of clinical immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/1744666X.2018.1454835
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00