Prediction and management of cardiovascular outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Abstract:

:Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which represents the major cause of death. During recent years, it has become clear that atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition where immunity could play an important role. Usually, it is when atherosclerotic plaques rupture that CVD follows, but some cases of CVD can occur without apparent atherosclerosis. In systemic lupus erythematosus, the risk of CVD is very high and the prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques, including vulnerable ones, is increased. A combination of traditional and non-traditional risk factors is implicated for the prediction of CVD in systemic lupus erythematosus. Traditional risk factors include hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking and diabetes, though the exact importance of each of these in systemic lupus erythematosus is not clear. Anti-phospholipid antibodies, systemic inflammation and low levels of natural antibodies such as those against phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) are examples of non-traditional risk factors. Control of disease activity and disease manifestations and of established risk factors is important.

authors

Frostegård J

doi

10.1586/1744666X.2015.993970

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-02-01 00:00:00

pages

247-53

issue

2

eissn

1744-666X

issn

1744-8409

journal_volume

11

pub_type

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