By passing microbial resistance: xylitol controls microorganisms growth by means of its anti-adherence property.

Abstract:

:Xylitol is an important polyalcohol suitable for use in odontological, medical and pharmaceutical products and as an additive in food. The first studies on the efficacy of xylitol in the control and treatment of infections started in the late 1970s and it is still applied for this purpose, with safety and very little contribution to resistance. Xylitol seems to act against microorganisms exerting an anti-adherence effect. Some research studies have demonstrated its action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. However, a clear explanation of how xylitol is effective has not been completely established yet. Some evidence shows that xylitol acts on gene expression, down-regulating the ones which are involved in the microorganisms' virulence, such as capsule formation. Another possible clarification is that xylitol blocks lectin-like receptors. The most important aspect is that, over time, xylitol bypasses microbial resistance and succeeds in controlling infection, either alone or combined with another compound. In this review, the effect of xylitol in inhibiting the growth of a different microorganism is described, focusing on studies in which such an anti-adherent property was highlighted. This is the first mini-review to describe xylitol as an anti-adherent compound and take into consideration how it exerts such action.

journal_name

Curr Pharm Biotechnol

authors

Ferreira AS,Silva-Paes-Leme AF,Raposo NR,da Silva SS

doi

10.2174/1389201015666141202104347

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-01-01 00:00:00

pages

35-42

issue

1

eissn

1389-2010

issn

1873-4316

pii

CPB-EPUB-63738

journal_volume

16

pub_type

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