Male tolerance and male-male bonds in a multilevel primate society.

abstract：:Ferredoxin was isolated from individual Leucaena glauca trees, and the distribution of amino acids at three of the four sites of sequence heterogeneity was determined. The results indicated that the most probable causes of the observed microheterogeneity are the presence of either nonallelic nuclear genes or differing...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benson AM,Yasunobu KT

更新日期：1969-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Optical spectra of biological polymers contain important information about their structure and function in living organisms. This information can be accessed by extracting an optical interaction of monomers, i.e., their exciton coupling, from experimental data. This coupling is sensitive to molecular structure, geomet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burin AL,Armbruster ME,Hariharan M,Lewis FD

更新日期：2009-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacillus anthrax lethal toxin can be engineered to deliver foreign proteins to the cytosol for antigen presentation to CD8 T cells. Vaccination with modified toxins carrying 8-9 amino acid peptide epitopes induces protective immunity in mice. To evaluate whether large protein antigens can be used with this system, rec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu Y,Friedman R,Kushner N,Doling A,Thomas L,Touzjian N,Starnbach M,Lieberman J

更新日期：2000-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:dAn.dTn sequences, otherwise known as A tracts, are hotspots for cis-syn thymine dimer formation and deletion mutations induced by UV light. Such A tracts are also known to bend DNA, suggesting that some biological effects of UV light might be related to the distinctive structure and properties of cis-syn dimer-contai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang CI,Taylor JS

更新日期：1991-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) contains an amino-terminal oxygenase domain, a carboxy-terminal reductase domain, and an intervening calmodulin-binding region. For the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), iNOS is active as a homodimer. The human iNOS mRNA is subject to alternative splicing, including deletion of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eissa NT,Yuan JW,Haggerty CM,Choo EK,Palmer CD,Moss J

更新日期：1998-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The forebrain cholinergic system promotes higher brain function in part by signaling through the M(1) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). During Alzheimer's disease (AD), these cholinergic neurons degenerate, therefore selectively activating M(1) receptors could improve cognitive function in these patients whil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma L,Seager MA,Wittmann M,Jacobson M,Bickel D,Burno M,Jones K,Graufelds VK,Xu G,Pearson M,McCampbell A,Gaspar R,Shughrue P,Danziger A,Regan C,Flick R,Pascarella D,Garson S,Doran S,Kreatsoulas C,Veng L,Lindsley C

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Elucidation of the molecular details of the cyclic actomyosin interaction requires the ability to examine structural changes at specific sites in the actin-binding interface of myosin. To study these changes dynamically, we have expressed two mutants of a truncated fragment of chicken gizzard smooth muscle myosin, whi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yengo CM,Fagnant PM,Chrin L,Rovner AS,Berger CL

更新日期：1998-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone is a favorable microenvironment for tumor growth and a frequent destination for metastatic cancer cells. Targeting cancers within the bone marrow remains a crucial oncologic challenge due to issues of drug availability and microenvironment-induced resistance. Herein, we engineered bone-homing polymeric nanopartic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Swami A,Reagan MR,Basto P,Mishima Y,Kamaly N,Glavey S,Zhang S,Moschetta M,Seevaratnam D,Zhang Y,Liu J,Memarzadeh M,Wu J,Manier S,Shi J,Bertrand N,Lu ZN,Nagano K,Baron R,Sacco A,Roccaro AM,Farokhzad OC,Ghobrial

更新日期：2014-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Most small multicopy antibiotic-resistance plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus contain a major axis of hyphenated dyad symmetry (palA) that is required for normal replication and stability, although located outside of the minimal replicon. Rearrangements affecting palA cause plasmid instability, a marked reduction in co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gruss AD,Ross HF,Novick RP

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined the genomic sequence of Nocardia farcinica IFM 10152, a clinical isolate, and revealed the molecular basis of its versatility. The genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 6,021,225 bp with an average G+C content of 70.8% and two plasmids of 184,027 (pNF1) and 87,093 (pNF2) bp with average G+C ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ishikawa J,Yamashita A,Mikami Y,Hoshino Y,Kurita H,Hotta K,Shiba T,Hattori M

更新日期：2004-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:During the late summer to fall of 1987, Caribbean reef corals experienced an intense and widespread discoloration event described as bleaching. Contrary to initial predictions, most bleached corals did not die. However, energy input from zooxanthellae decreased, as estimated from: (i) delta(13)C values, a measure of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porter JW,Fitt WK,Spero HJ,Rogers CS,White MW

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alternaria solani, the causal agent of early blight disease in potato, produces two host-specific, lipidlike toxins in culture. Both compounds are required in the leaf bioassay for the elicitation of typical early blight symptoms, but the compounds are individually inactive. The procedures for the preparation of both ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matern U,Strobel G,Shepard J

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The innate immune system detects viral nucleic acids and induces type I interferon (IFN) responses. The RNA- and DNA-sensing pathways converge on the protein kinase TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and the transcription factor IFN-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Activation of the IFN signaling pathway is known to trigger the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seo M,Lee SO,Kim JH,Hong Y,Kim S,Kim Y,Min DH,Kong YY,Shin J,Ahn K

更新日期：2016-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In the primary visual cortex, neurons with similar response preferences are grouped into domains forming continuous maps of stimulus orientation and direction of movement. These properties are widely believed to result from the combination of ascending and lateral interactions in the visual system. We have tested this...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Galuske RA,Schmidt KE,Goebel R,Lomber SG,Payne BR

更新日期：2002-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:We identified a viral IL-10 homolog encoded by an ORF (UL111a) within the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) genome, which we designated cmvIL-10. cmvIL-10 can bind to the human IL-10 receptor and can compete with human IL-10 for binding sites, despite the fact that these two proteins are only 27% identical. cmvIL-10 require...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kotenko SV,Saccani S,Izotova LS,Mirochnitchenko OV,Pestka S

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The usual way to compute Hartree-Fock type functions for molecules is by an expansion of the one-electron functions (molecular orbitals) in a linear combination of analytical functions (LCAO-MO-SCF, linear combination of atomic orbitals-Molecular Orbital-Self Consistent field). The expansion coefficients are obtained ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clementi E

更新日期：1972-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adipose tissue dysfunction is causally implicated in the impaired metabolic homeostasis associated with obesity; however, detailed mechanisms underlying dysregulated adipocyte functions in obesity remain to be elucidated. Here we searched for genes that provide a previously unknown mechanism in adipocyte metabolic fun...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wardhana DA,Ikeda K,Barinda AJ,Nugroho DB,Qurania KR,Yagi K,Miyata K,Oike Y,Hirata KI,Emoto N

更新日期：2018-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:When human genome was fractionated by thermal elution chromatography, repetitious DNA was found in every arbitrary temperature segment. When these repetitious DNA families were used for in situ hybridization, the following conclusions were evident: (a) Unlike the case of mouse, where essentially all centromeric hetero...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu TC,Arrighi FE,Saunders GF

更新日期：1972-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) agonist muramyl dipeptide (MDP), a peptidoglycan motif common to all bacteria, supports leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5)+ intestinal stem cell (ISC) survival through NOD2 activation upon an otherwise lethal oxid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levy A,Stedman A,Deutsch E,Donnadieu F,Virgin HW,Sansonetti PJ,Nigro G

更新日期：2020-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:To use recombinant DNA technology to functionally analyze mutations introduced into cloned eukaryotic genes, a rapid procedure is necessary to assay the steps along the gene expression pathway. Since cloned rat insulin genes are not transcribed efficiently after transfection into various cell lines, I have asked wheth...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lomedico PT

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Certain models of spoken-language processing, like those for many other perceptual and cognitive processes, posit continuous uptake of sensory input and dynamic competition between simultaneously active representations. Here, we provide compelling evidence for this continuity assumption by using a continuous response,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spivey MJ,Grosjean M,Knoblich G

更新日期：2005-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Affinity-fractionated porcine heparin was randomly scissioned by chemical techniques to give hexasaccharides, octasaccharides, decasaccharides, and mucopolysaccharide fragments of approximately 14 residues and approximately 16 residues that were able to complex with the protease inhibitor. Direct measurements of the k...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oosta GM,Gardner WT,Beeler DL,Rosenberg RD

更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Groundwater-dependent species are among the least-known components of global biodiversity, as well as some of the most vulnerable because of rapid groundwater depletion at regional and global scales. The karstic Edwards-Trinity aquifer system of west-central Texas is one of the most species-rich groundwater systems in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Devitt TJ,Wright AM,Cannatella DC,Hillis DM

更新日期：2019-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The adrenergic receptors (ARs) (subtypes alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) are a prototypic family of guanine nucleotide binding regulatory protein-coupled receptors that mediate the physiological effects of the hormone epinephrine and the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. We have previously assigned the genes for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang-Feng TL,Xue FY,Zhong WW,Cotecchia S,Frielle T,Caron MG,Lefkowitz RJ,Francke U

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe and test a Markov chain model of microsatellite evolution that can explain the different distributions of microsatellite lengths across different organisms and repeat motifs. Two key features of this model are the dependence of mutation rates on microsatellite length and a mutation process that includes bo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kruglyak S,Durrett RT,Schug MD,Aquadro CF

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tephritid fruit flies belonging to the Rhagoletis pomonella sibling species complex are controversial because they have been proposed to diverge in sympatry (in the absence of geographic isolation) by shifting and adapting to new host plants. Here, we report evidence suggesting a surprising source of genetic variation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feder JL,Berlocher SH,Roethele JB,Dambroski H,Smith JJ,Perry WL,Gavrilovic V,Filchak KE,Rull J,Aluja M

更新日期：2003-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the most basic predictions of almost any model of crime is that individual time preferences matter. However, empirical evidence on this fundamental property is essentially nonexistent. To our knowledge, this paper provides the first pieces of evidence on the link between time discounting and crime. We use a uni...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Åkerlund D,Golsteyn BH,Grönqvist H,Lindahl L

更新日期：2016-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyloids are often associated with pathologic processes such as in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but can also underlie physiological processes such as pigmentation. Formation of pathological and functional amyloidogenic substrates can require precursor processing by proteases, as exemplified by the generation of Aβ peptid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rochin L,Hurbain I,Serneels L,Fort C,Watt B,Leblanc P,Marks MS,De Strooper B,Raposo G,van Niel G

更新日期：2013-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The 82-residue amino-terminal sequences of simian virus 40 large tumor antigen (TAg) and small tumor antigen (tAg) are identical. Genetic analysis of TAg lacking amino acids 1-82 revealed that it was transformation-defective, as revealed by the agar growth assay, except when introduced in the presence of tAg. Since th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Montano X,Millikan R,Milhaven JM,Newsom DA,Ludlow JW,Arthur AK,Fanning E,Bikel I,Livingston DM

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Xenopus oocytes express a gene encoding bovine rhodopsin as well as its SP6 RNA polymerase-derived transcripts and total retinal mRNA. The opsin produced is in unglycosylated (30 kDa) and two glycosylated (35 kDa and 41 kDa) forms. Incubation of the cells expressing the above proteins with 11-cis-retinal generates rho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khorana HG,Knox BE,Nasi E,Swanson R,Thompson DA

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00