Abstract:
:A central question in Leishmania research is why most species cause cutaneous infections but others cause fatal visceral disease. Interestingly, L. donovani causes both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Sri Lanka. L. donovani clinical isolates were therefore obtained from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL-SL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL-SL) patients from Sri Lanka. The CL-SL isolate was severely attenuated compared to the VL-SL isolate for survival in visceral organs in BALB/c mice. Genomic and transcriptomic analysis argue that gene deletions or pseudogenes specific to CL-SL are not responsible for the difference in disease tropism and that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and/or gene copy number variations play a major role in altered pathology. This is illustrated through the observations within showing that a decreased copy number of the A2 gene family and a mutation in the ras-like RagC GTPase enzyme in the mTOR pathway contribute to the attenuation of the CL-SL strain in visceral infection. Overall, this research provides a unique perspective on genetic differences associated with diverse pathologies caused by Leishmania infection.
journal_name
PLoS Pathogjournal_title
PLoS pathogensauthors
Zhang WW,Ramasamy G,McCall LI,Haydock A,Ranasinghe S,Abeygunasekara P,Sirimanna G,Wickremasinghe R,Myler P,Matlashewski Gdoi
10.1371/journal.ppat.1004244subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-07-03 00:00:00pages
e1004244issue
7eissn
1553-7366issn
1553-7374pii
PPATHOGENS-D-14-00089journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PLoS Pathogens文献大全abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is a chronic condition, where viral DNA integrates into the genome. Latently infected cells form a persistent, heterogeneous reservoir that at any time can reactivate the integrated HIV-1. Here we confirmed that latently infected cells from HIV-1 positive study par...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008264
更新日期:2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Gene expression of DNA viruses requires nuclear import of the viral genome. Human Adenoviruses (Ads), like most DNA viruses, encode factors within early transcription units promoting their own gene expression and counteracting cellular antiviral defense mechanisms. The cellular transcriptional repressor Daxx prevents ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002549
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gut dysbiosis associated with intestinal inflammation is characterized by the blooming of particular bacteria such as adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC). However, the precise mechanisms by which AIEC impact on colitis remain largely unknown. Here we show that antibiotic-induced dysbiosis worsened chemically-induced coli...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008928
更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract::Many viruses subvert the host cell's ability to mount and complete various DNA damage responses (DDRs) after infection. HCMV infection of permissive fibroblasts activates host DDRs at the time of viral deposition and during replication, but the DDRs remain uncompleted without arrest or apoptosis. We believe this was i...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003038
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Host cells infected with obligate intracellular bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis are profoundly resistant to diverse apoptotic stimuli. The molecular mechanisms underlying the block in apoptotic signaling of infected cells is not well understood. Here we investigated the molecular mechanism by which apoptosis induced vi...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0020114
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogen access to host nutrients in infected tissues is fundamental for pathogen growth and virulence, disease progression, and infection control. However, our understanding of this crucial process is still rather limited because of experimental and conceptual challenges. Here, we used proteomics, microbial genetics,...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003301
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in pathogenic bacteria is a major challenge to treating many infectious diseases. The spread of these genes is driven by the strong selection imposed by the use of antibacterial drugs. However, in the absence of drug selection, antibiotic resistance genes impose a fitness ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002000
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 buds form infected cells in an immature, non-infectious form. Maturation into an infectious virion requires proteolytic cleavage of the Gag polyprotein at five positions, leading to a dramatic change in virus morphology. Immature virions contain an incomplete spherical shell where Gag is arranged with the N-term...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001215
更新日期:2010-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::IFI16 (gamma-interferon-inducible protein 16), a predominantly nuclear protein involved in transcriptional regulation, also functions as an innate immune response DNA sensor and induces the IL-1β and antiviral type-1 interferon-β (IFN-β) cytokines. We have shown that IFI16, in association with BRCA1, functions as a se...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005967
更新日期:2016-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells. Their roles in viral infections are beginning to be appreciated. Researches have shown that exosomes released from virus-infected cells contain a variety of viral and host cellular factors that are able to modulate recipient's cellular response and result in produ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006611
更新日期:2017-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Some pathogens have evolved mechanisms to overcome host immune defenses by inhibiting host defense signaling pathways and suppressing the expression of host defense effectors. We present evidence that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is able to suppress the expression of a subset of immune defense genes in the animal host Caeno...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000175
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type VI secretion systems (T6SS) are trans-envelope machines dedicated to the secretion of virulence factors into eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells, therefore required for pathogenesis and/or for competition towards neighboring bacteria. The T6SS apparatus resembles the injection device of bacteriophage T4, and is ancho...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002386
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to modulating the function and stability of cellular mRNAs, microRNAs can profoundly affect the life cycles of viruses bearing sequence complementary targets, a finding recently exploited to ameliorate toxicities of vaccines and oncolytic viruses. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying microRNA-mediated an...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000820
更新日期:2010-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Marek's Disease Virus (MDV) is an alphaherpesvirus that infects chickens, transforms CD4+ T cells and causes deadly lymphomas. In addition, MDV induces immunosuppression early during infection by inducing cell death of the infected lymphocytes, and potentially due to activation of regulatory T (Treg)-cells. Furthermor...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006745
更新日期:2017-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Negative-sense RNA viruses assemble large ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes that direct replication and transcription of the viral genome. Influenza virus RNPs contain the polymerase, genomic RNA and multiple copies of nucleoprotein (NP). During RNP assembly, monomeric NP oligomerizes along the length of the genomic R...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004826
更新日期:2015-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomiasis is second only to malaria in terms of the global impact among diseases caused by parasites. A striking feature of schistosomes are their ability to thrive in their hosts for decades. We have previously demonstrated that stem cells, called neoblasts, promote homeostatic tissue maintenance in adult schis...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005963
更新日期:2016-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis remains one of the few major human pathogens for which there is no transformation system. C. trachomatis has a unique obligate intracellular developmental cycle. The extracellular infectious elementary body (EB) is an infectious, electron-dense structure that, following host cell infection, diffe...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002258
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that infection with SARS-CoV-2 can result in a wide range of clinical outcomes in humans. An incomplete understanding of immune correlates of protection represents a major barrier to the design of vaccines and therapeutic approaches to prevent infection or limit disease. This deficit...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009287
更新日期:2021-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::There are 25 auxin response factors (ARFs) in the rice genome, which play critical roles in regulating myriad aspects of plant development, but their role (s) in host antiviral immune defense and the underneath mechanism remain largely unknown. By using the rice-rice dwarf virus (RDV) model system, here we report that...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009118
更新日期:2020-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of the vascular system by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) occurs during bacterial dissemination in the body or in blood-borne infections. Type 3 secretion system (T3SS) toxins from Pa induce a massive retraction when injected into endothelial cells. Here, we addressed the role of type 2 secretion system (T2SS) e...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003939
更新日期:2014-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Viroids are small, non-protein-coding RNAs which can induce disease symptoms in a variety of plant species. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the natural host of Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) where infection results in stunting, distortion of leaves and tubers and yield loss. Replication of PSTVd is accompanied b...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008110
更新日期:2019-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::The process by which drug-resistant HIV-1 arises and spreads spatially within an infected individual is poorly understood. Studies have found variable results relating how HIV-1 in the blood differs from virus sampled in tissues, offering conflicting findings about whether HIV-1 throughout the body is homogeneously di...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006358
更新日期:2017-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::Poxviruses subvert the host immune response by producing immunomodulatory proteins, including a complement regulatory protein. Ectromelia virus provides a mouse model for smallpox where the virus and the host's immune response have co-evolved. Using this model, our study investigated the role of the complement system ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000249
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of CD8 T cells in anti-tuberculosis immunity in humans remains unknown, and studies of CD8 T cell-mediated protection against tuberculosis in mice have yielded controversial results. Unlike mice, humans and nonhuman primates share a number of important features of the immune system that relate directly to the...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000392
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exosomes are secreted cellular vesicles that can induce specific CD4(+) T cell responses in vivo when they interact with competent antigen-presenting cells like mature dendritic cells (mDCs). The Trojan exosome hypothesis proposes that retroviruses can take advantage of the cell-encoded intercellular vesicle traffic a...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000740
更新日期:2010-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::SARS coronavirus (SCoV) nonstructural protein (nsp) 1, a potent inhibitor of host gene expression, possesses a unique mode of action: it binds to 40S ribosomes to inactivate their translation functions and induces host mRNA degradation. Our previous study demonstrated that nsp1 induces RNA modification near the 5'-end...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002433
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environments such as light condition influence the spread of infectious diseases by affecting insect vector behavior. However, whether and how light affects the host defense which further affects insect preference and performance, remains unclear, nor has been demonstrated how pathogens co-adapt light condition to fac...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008770
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies have identified a correlation between maternal helminth infections and reduced immunity to some early childhood vaccinations, but the cellular basis for this is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of maternal Schistosoma mansoni infection on steady-state offspring immunity, as ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009260
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a global public health burden for which no licensed vaccine exists. To aid vaccine development via increased understanding of the protective antibody response to RSV prefusion glycoprotein F (PreF), we performed structural and functional studies using the human neutralizing antibod...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008943
更新日期:2020-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::SAMHD1 restricts HIV-1 infection of myeloid-lineage and resting CD4+ T-cells. Most likely this occurs through deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase activity that reduces cellular dNTP to a level where reverse transcriptase cannot function, although alternative mechanisms have been proposed recently. Here, w...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005194
更新日期:2015-10-02 00:00:00