Abstract:
:Exosomes are secreted cellular vesicles that can induce specific CD4(+) T cell responses in vivo when they interact with competent antigen-presenting cells like mature dendritic cells (mDCs). The Trojan exosome hypothesis proposes that retroviruses can take advantage of the cell-encoded intercellular vesicle traffic and exosome exchange pathway, moving between cells in the absence of fusion events in search of adequate target cells. Here, we discuss recent data supporting this hypothesis, which further explains how DCs can capture and internalize retroviruses like HIV-1 in the absence of fusion events, leading to the productive infection of interacting CD4(+) T cells and contributing to viral spread through a mechanism known as trans-infection. We suggest that HIV-1 can exploit an exosome antigen-dissemination pathway intrinsic to mDCs, allowing viral internalization and final trans-infection of CD4(+) T cells. In contrast to previous reports that focus on the ability of immature DCs to capture HIV in the mucosa, this review emphasizes the outstanding role that mature DCs could have promoting trans-infection in the lymph node, underscoring a new potential viral dissemination pathway.
journal_name
PLoS Pathogjournal_title
PLoS pathogensauthors
Izquierdo-Useros N,Naranjo-Gómez M,Erkizia I,Puertas MC,Borràs FE,Blanco J,Martinez-Picado Jdoi
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000740subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-03-26 00:00:00pages
e1000740issue
3eissn
1553-7366issn
1553-7374journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
PLoS Pathogens文献大全abstract::Reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is important for persistent infection in the host as well as viral oncogenesis. The replication and transcription activator (RTA) encoded by KSHV ORF50 plays a central role in the switch from viral latency to lytic replication. Given that RTA is a transcri...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008160
更新日期:2019-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::It is poorly understood how progressive brain swelling in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM) evolves in space and over time, and whether mechanisms of inflammation or microvascular sequestration/obstruction dominate the underlying pathophysiology. We therefore monitored in the Plasmodium berghei ANKA-C57BL/6 murine E...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005470
更新日期:2016-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::The obligate intracellular, gram-negative bacterium Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cpn) has impact as a human pathogen. Little is known about changes in the Cpn transcriptome during its biphasic developmental cycle (the acute infection) and persistence. The latter stage has been linked to chronic diseases. To analyze Cpn C...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030083
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::RANTES (CCL5) is a chemokine expressed by many hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cell types that plays an important role in homing and migration of effector and memory T cells during acute infections. The RANTES receptor, CCR5, is a major target of anti-HIV drugs based on blocking viral entry. However, defects in RA...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002098
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 infection of macrophages plays a key role in viral pathogenesis and progression to AIDS. Polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C); a synthetic analog of dsRNA) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the ligands for Toll-like receptors (TLR) TLR3 and TLR4, respectively, are known to decrease HIV-1 infection in ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002937
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A global increase in invasive infections due to group A Streptococcus (S. pyogenes or GAS) has been observed since the 1980s, associated with emergence of a clonal group of strains of the M1T1 serotype. Among other virulence attributes, the M1T1 clone secretes NAD+-glycohydrolase (NADase). When GAS binds to epithelial...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005468
更新日期:2016-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::To better understand the initiation of CD8(+) T cell responses during infection, the primary response to the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii was characterized using 2-photon microscopy combined with an experimental system that allowed visualization of dendritic cells (DCs) and parasite specific CD8(+) T cells...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000505
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flavivirus nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) consists of methyltransferase (MTase) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domains, which catalyze 5'-RNA capping/methylation and RNA synthesis, respectively, during viral genome replication. Although the crystal structure of flavivirus NS5 is known, no data about the quater...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005451
更新日期:2016-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::The envelope glycoprotein (Env) of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) is a critical determinant of viral infectivity, tropism and is the main target for humoral immunity; however, little is known about the cellular machinery that directs Env trafficking and its incorporation into nascent virions. Here we ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004518
更新日期:2014-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), a mosquito-borne RNA virus, is one of the most acutely virulent viruses endemic to the Americas, causing between 30% and 70% mortality in symptomatic human cases. A major factor in the virulence of EEEV is the presence of four binding sites for the hematopoietic cell-specific ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007867
更新日期:2019-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is the causative agent of both skin/soft tissue infections as well as invasive bloodstream infections. Though vaccines have been developed to target both humoral and T cell-mediated immune responses against SA, they have largely failed due to lack of protective efficacy. Group 1 CD1-restrict...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008443
更新日期:2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::More than half of the world population is at risk of dengue virus (DENV) infection because of the global distribution of its mosquito vectors. DENV is an envelope virus that relies on host lipid membranes for its life-cycle. Here, we characterized how DENV hijacks the mosquito lipidome to identify targets for novel tr...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008199
更新日期:2019-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (Sgg) has a strong clinical association with colorectal cancer (CRC) and actively promotes the development of colon tumors. However, the molecular determinants involved in Sgg pathogenicity in the gut are unknown. Bacterial type VII secretion systems (T7SS) mediate pa...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1009182
更新日期:2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton in response to external stimuli is obligatory for many cellular processes in the amoebic cell. A rapid and local rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton is required for the development of the cellular protrusions during phagocytosis, trogocytosis, migration, and invasion. Here, we...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008489
更新日期:2020-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Although invasive cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is uncommon in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), asymptomatic CMV coinfection is nearly ubiquitous in HIV infected individuals. While microbial translocation and gut epithelial barrier dysfunction may promote persistent immune activation in treated HIV infection, ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006202
更新日期:2017-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::The factors that govern the development of tuberculosis disease are incompletely understood. We hypothesized that some strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) are more capable of causing disseminated disease than others and may be associated with polymorphisms in host genes responsible for the innate i...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000034
更新日期:2008-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Viruses have evolved several strategies to modify cellular processes and evade the immune response in order to successfully infect, replicate, and persist in the host. By utilizing in-silico testing of a transmembrane sequence library derived from virus protein sequences, we have pin-pointed a nine amino-acid motif sh...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1001085
更新日期:2010-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::One of the hallmarks of adaptive immunity is the development of a long-term pathogen specific memory response. While persistent memory T cells certainly impact the immune response during a secondary challenge, their role in unrelated infections is less clear. To address this issue, we utilized lymphocytic choriomening...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003970
更新日期:2014-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Since mucosal surfaces may be simultaneously colonized by multiple species, the success of an organism may be determined by its ability to compete with co-inhabitants of its niche. To explore the contribution of host factors to polymicrobial competition, a murine model was used to study the initiation of colonization ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0010001
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV1) is amongst the most clinically advanced oncolytic virus platforms. However, efficient and sustained viral replication within tumours is limiting. Rapamycin can stimulate HSV1 replication in cancer cells, but active-site dual mTORC1 and mTORC2 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 and 2...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007264
更新日期:2018-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::Adenoviral vectors have shown significant promise as vaccine delivery vectors due to their ability to elicit both innate and adaptive immune responses. α-defensins are effector molecules of the innate immune response and have been shown to modulate natural infection with adenoviruses, but the majority of α-defensin-ad...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008180
更新日期:2019-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Nasal colonization is a major risk factor for S. aureus infections. The mechanisms responsible for colonization are still not well understood and involve several factors on the host and the bacterial side. One key factor is the cell wall teichoic acid (WTA) of S. aureus, which governs direct interactions with nasal ep...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004089
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a Delta-proteobacterium that oscillates between free-living growth and predation on Gram-negative bacteria including important pathogens of man, animals and plants. After entering the prey periplasm, killing the prey and replicating inside the prey bdelloplast, several motile B. bacteriov...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002493
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pathogenic bacterial infections of the lung are life threatening and underpin chronic lung diseases. Current treatments are often ineffective potentially due to increasing antibiotic resistance and impairment of innate immunity by disease processes and steroid therapy. Manipulation miRNA directly regulating anti-micro...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004549
更新日期:2015-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Enterococci are robust gram-positive bacteria that are found in a variety of surroundings and that cause a significant number of healthcare-associated infections. The genus possesses a high-efficiency pheromone-responsive plasmid (PRP) transfer system for genetic exchange that allows antimicrobial-resistance determina...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008310
更新日期:2020-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Information on the growth rate and metabolism of microbial pathogens that cause long-term chronic infections is limited, reflecting the absence of suitable tools for measuring these parameters in vivo. Here, we have measured the replication and physiological state of Leishmania mexicana parasites in murine inflammator...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004683
更新日期:2015-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Replication of viroids, small non-protein-coding plant pathogenic RNAs, entails reiterative transcription of their incoming single-stranded circular genomes, to which the (+) polarity is arbitrarily assigned, cleavage of the oligomeric strands of one or both polarities to unit-length, and ligation to circular RNAs. Wh...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030182
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) is a human pathogen that causes acute and chronic pediatric diarrhea. The hallmark of EPEC infection is the formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions in the intestinal epithelium. Formation of A/E lesions is mediated by genes located on the pathogenicity island locus of enterocy...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006706
更新日期:2017-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::IFI16 (gamma-interferon-inducible protein 16), a predominantly nuclear protein involved in transcriptional regulation, also functions as an innate immune response DNA sensor and induces the IL-1β and antiviral type-1 interferon-β (IFN-β) cytokines. We have shown that IFI16, in association with BRCA1, functions as a se...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005967
更新日期:2016-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005698.]. ...
journal_title:PLoS pathogens
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005771
更新日期:2016-07-11 00:00:00