Abstract:
:Cereal grain germination is central for plant early development, and efficient germination has a major role in crop propagation and malting. Endosperm starch is the prime energy reserve in germination and seedling establishment. In this study, it was hypothesized that optimized starch granule structure, and not only the endosperm starch content per se, is important for germination and seedling establishment. For that purpose, wild-type (WT), and specifically engineered degradable hyperphosphorylated (HP) starch and more resistant amylose-only (AO) starch barley lines were used. The transgenics showed no severe phenotypes and the WT and HP lines degraded the starch similarly, having 30% residual starch after 12 d of germination. However, the AO line showed significant resistance to degradation, having 57% residual starch. Interestingly, protein and β-glucan (BG) degradation was stimulated for both HP and AO lines as compared with the WT. At late seedling establishment stages, specific sugars were rapidly consumed in the AO line. α-Amylase activity was distinctly suppressed in both the HP and the AO lines. Pre-germination β-amylase deposition was low in the AO grains and β-amylase was generally suppressed in both HP and AO lines throughout germination. As further supported by scanning electron microscopy and histochemical analyses on grain and seedlings, it was concluded that inadequate starch granule deposition in combination with the suppressed hydrolase activity leads to temporal and compensating re-direction of starch, sugar, and protein catabolism important to maintain metabolic dynamics during grain germination and seedling establishment.
journal_name
J Exp Botjournal_title
Journal of experimental botanyauthors
Shaik SS,Carciofi M,Martens HJ,Hebelstrup KH,Blennow Adoi
10.1093/jxb/eru107subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
2257-70issue
9eissn
0022-0957issn
1460-2431pii
eru107journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Most plant oxylipins, a large class of diverse oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives, are produced through the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway. Recent progress in dicots has highlighted the biological roles of oxylipins in plant defence responses to pathogens and pests. By contrast, the physiological...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erl137
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological aspects of acidity stress in plants (synonymous with H(+) rhizotoxicity or low-pH stress) have long been a focus of research, in particular with respect to acidic soils where aluminium and H(+) rhizotoxicities often co-occur. However, toxic H(+) and Al(3+) elicit different response mechanisms in plants, ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv437
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of ionically bound peroxidases from an asparagus spear increased from 5-24 h post-harvest. Isoelectric focusing showed that the post-harvest increase of the total peroxidase activity was due to the increase of several distinct isoperoxidases. Concomitantly, a decrease in the activity of two anionic peroxi...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erg253
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterotrimeric G-proteins have been implicated in having a role in many plant signalling pathways. To understand further the role of G-proteins, a preliminary experiment was performed to assess the impact of the G alpha subunit loss-of-function mutation gpa1-1 on the Arabidopsis transcriptome. The analysis indicated t...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erp060
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma membrane vesicles isolated by two-phase partitioning from the storage root of Beta vulgaris show atypically high water permeability that is equivalent only to those reported for active aquaporins in tonoplast or animal red cells (Pf=542 microm s(-1)). The values were determined from the shrinking kinetics measu...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erj046
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been discovered in crops, where some of causal quantitative trait genes (QTGs) may not be functionally characterized even in model plant Arabidopsis. We propose an approach to delineate QTGs by coordinating expression of genes located within QTL in crops and known orthologs related w...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa563
更新日期:2020-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid changes in turgor pressure (P:) and temperature (T:) are giving new information about the mechanisms of plant growth. In the present work, single internode cells of the large-celled alga Chara corallina were used as a model for plant growth. P was changed without altering the chemical environment of the wall whi...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jexbot/51.350.1481
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alpha-dioxygenase (alpha-DOX) enzymes catalyse the oxygenation of fatty acids to yield a newly identified group of oxylipins that play a role in protecting tissues from oxidative damage and cell death. In tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) alpha-DOX was identified as salt-regulated by differential display of mRNA,...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eri038
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because it has a high demand for sulphur (S), oilseed rape is particularly sensitive to S limitation. However, the physiological effects of S limitation remain unclear, especially during the rosette stage. For this reason a study was conducted to determine the effects of mineral S limitation on nitrogen (N) and S upta...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq096
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The major source of nitrogen for rice (Oryza sativa L.) is ammonium (NH4(+)). The NH4(+) uptake of roots is mainly governed by membrane transporters, with OsAMT1;1 being a prominent member of the OsAMT1 gene family that is known to be involved in NH4(+) transport in rice plants. However, little is known about its invo...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ert458
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spatial and temporal distribution of expression of two cytosolic members of the AtHsp90 gene family was assessed during early development. In stressed transgenic plants bearing the AtHsp90-3 promoter, beta-glucuronidase (GUS) activity was strong in meristematic tissues. Expression was also detected in vascular tis...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eri035
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a first step to investigate whether Rab GTPases are involved in grape berry development, the Vitis vinifera EST and gene databases were searched for members of the VvRab family. The grapevine genome was found to contain 26 VvRabs that could be distributed into all of the eight groups described in the literature for...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ern132
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::GDP-d-mannose (GDP-d-Man) is an important intermediate in ascorbic acid (AsA) synthesis, cell wall synthesis, protein N-glycosylation, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchoring in plants. Thus, the modulation of intracellular levels of GDP-d-Man could be important for maintaining various cellular processes. Here an A...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erv281
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene encoding stilbene synthase (STS) plays a central role in many biochemical and physiological actions, and its metabolite resveratrol possesses broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens, as well as diverse pharmacological properties, notably an anticancer effect. Here, we report the expression analysis of the gene...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq447
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy plays a critical role in plants under biotic stress, including the response to pathogen infection. We investigated whether autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are involved in infection with Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV), a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus. Initially, we observed that BaMV infection in Nicoti...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz244
更新日期:2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Two unlinked semi-dominant loci, A (NIC1) and B (NIC2), control nicotine and related alkaloid biosynthesis in Burley tobaccos. Mutations in either or both loci (nic1 and nic2) lead to low nicotine phenotypes with altered environmental stress responses. Here we show that the transcripts derived from the pathogenesis-re...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw345
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crop water use efficiency (WUE) has come into sharp focus as population growth and climate change place increasing strain on the water used in cropping. Rainfed crops are being challenged by an upward trend in evaporative demand as average temperatures rise and, in many regions, there is an increased irregularity and ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa002
更新日期:2020-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the mechanisms of ion homeostasis in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive plants, cDNAs for a high-affinity K(+) transporter PhaHKT1 were isolated from salt-sensitive (Utsunomiya) and salt-tolerant (Nanpi, Enchi) reed plants. A cDNA of Utsunomiya (PhaHKT1-u) contained two insertions in the region correspondi...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erm306
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wheat phenology allows escaping from seasonal abiotic stresses including frosts and high temperatures, the latter being forecasted to increase with climate change. The use of marker-based crop models to identify ideotypes has been proposed to select genotypes adapted to specific weather and management conditions and a...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa477
更新日期:2020-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Phytocystatins are inhibitors of cysteine proteinases from plants putatively involved in defence and as endogenous regulators of protein turnover. Seven genes encoding cystatins (HvCPI-1 to HvCPI-7), identified from EST collections and from an endosperm cDNA library, have been characterized. The intron-exon structure ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erl200
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ERECTA family genes encode leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases that control multiple aspects of plant development such as elongation of aboveground organs, leaf initiation, development of flowers, and epidermis differentiation. These receptors have also been implicated in responses to biotic and abiotic stress, ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/ers305
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethylene is a gaseous hormone that affects many processes of plant growth and development. During vascular development, ethylene positively regulates cambial cell division in parallel with tracheary element differentiation inhibitory factor (TDIF) peptide signaling. In this study, we identified an ethylene overproduci...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eraa423
更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::Novel genes that function in the conversion of indole-3-acetamide (IAM) into indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which were previously thought to exist only in the bacterial genome, have been isolated from plants. The finding of the AtAMI1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana and the NtAMI1 gene in Nicotiana tabacum, which encode ind...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erp292
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is currently the most devastating pathogen of soybean. SCN penetrates the root and migrates toward the central vascular bundle where it establishes a complex multinucleated feeding structure that provides plant-derived nutrients to support the development and growth of the nematode. To iden...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erm211
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::O(2) deficiency during soil waterlogging inhibits respiration in roots, resulting in severe energy deficits. Decreased root-to-shoot ratio and suboptimal functioning of the roots, result in nutrient deficiencies in the shoots. In N(2)-flushed nutrient solutions, wheat seminal roots cease growth, while newly formed adv...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/erq271
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In contrast to desiccation-tolerant 'orthodox' seeds, so-called 'intermediate' seeds cannot survive complete drying and are short-lived. All species of the genus Coffea produce intermediate seeds, but they show a considerable variability in seed desiccation tolerance (DT), which may help to decipher the molecular basi...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz508
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen (N) nutrition, post-anthesis temperature and drought-induced changes in the kinetics of accumulation of dry mass, total grain N and protein fractions (albumins-globulins, amphiphils, gliadins, and glutenins) contents were examined for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Crops were grown in controlled environ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erg183
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feeding of sucking insects, such as the rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens; BPH), causes only limited mechanical damage on plants that is otherwise essential for injury-triggered defense responses against herbivores. In pursuit of complementary BPH elicitors perceived by plants, we examined the potential effec...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/erz041
更新日期:2019-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen (N), as an essential element in amino acids, nucleotides, and proteins, is a key factor in plant growth and development. Omics approaches such as metabolomics and transcriptomics have become a promising way to inspect complex network interactions in N metabolism and can be used for monitoring the uptake and r...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/jxb/eru322
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fact that silicon application alleviates water deficit stress has been widely reported, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here the effects of silicon on water uptake and transport of sorghum seedlings (Sorghum bicolor L.) growing under polyethylene glycol-simulated osmotic stress in hydroponic culture ...
journal_title:Journal of experimental botany
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/jxb/eru220
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00