Abstract:
BACKGROUND & AIMS:In the enteric nervous system, neurotransmitters initiate changes in calcium (Ca(2+) responses) in glia, but it is not clear how this process affects intestinal function. We investigated whether Ca(2+)-mediated responses in enteric glia are required to maintain gastrointestinal function. METHODS:We used in situ Ca(2+) imaging to monitor glial Ca(2+) responses, which were manipulated with pharmacologic agents or via glia-specific disruption of the gene encoding connexin-43 (Cx43) (hGFAP::CreER(T2+/-)/Cx43(f/f) mice). Gastrointestinal function was assessed based on pellet output, total gut transit, colonic bead expulsion, and muscle tension recordings. Proteins were localized and quantified by immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses. RESULTS:Ca(2+) responses in enteric glia of mice were mediated by Cx43 hemichannels. Cx43 immunoreactivity was confined to enteric glia within the myenteric plexus of the mouse colon; the Cx43 inhibitors carbenoxolone and 43Gap26 inhibited the ability of enteric glia to propagate Ca(2+) responses. In vivo attenuation of Ca(2+) responses in the enteric glial network slowed gut transit overall and delayed colonic transit--these changes are also observed during normal aging. Altered motility with increasing age was associated with reduced glial Ca(2+)-mediated responses and changes in glial expression of Cx43 messenger RNA and protein. CONCLUSIONS:Ca(2+)-mediated responses in enteric glia regulate gastrointestinal function in mice. Altered intercellular signaling between enteric glia and neurons might contribute to motility disorders.
journal_name
Gastroenterologyjournal_title
Gastroenterologyauthors
McClain J,Grubišić V,Fried D,Gomez-Suarez RA,Leinninger GM,Sévigny J,Parpura V,Gulbransen BDdoi
10.1053/j.gastro.2013.10.061subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-02-01 00:00:00pages
497-507.e1issue
2eissn
0016-5085issn
1528-0012pii
S0016-5085(13)01579-5journal_volume
146pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GASTROENTEROLOGY文献大全abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the utility of jejunal manometry in evaluating patients having partial small intestinal obstruction or the pseudoobstruction syndrome. We studied 10 healthy volunteers, 9 patients with documented mechanical obstruction, and 3 patients with chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increased risk of esophageal carcinoma has been reported in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Periodic endoscopic or radiologic surveillance, or both, of systemic sclerosis patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms has been recommended for early detection of Barrett's mucosa and esophageal adenocarcinoma. A re...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(85)90440-8
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Endosonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNA) permits cytological confirmation of EUS findings. A multicenter prospective evaluation of EUS-FNA for primary diagnosis, staging, and/or follow-up purposes was undertaken. METHODS:EUS-FNA was performed in 457 patients with 554 lesions. Cli...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70164-1
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-five 1-day-old Pekin-Aylesbury ducks were inoculated intravenously or intraperitoneally with duck hepatitis B virus, and the time-course of infection was examined by Southern-blot, dot-blot, and in situ hybridization and by immunohistochemistry. Randomly scattered single infected hepatocytes were first seen on ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(88)90375-7
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Standardized instruments are needed to assess the activity of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and to provide end points for clinical trials and observational studies. We aimed to develop and validate a patient-reported outcome (PRO) instrument and score, based on items that could account for variations...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.08.028
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Small intestinal carcinomas are rare but occur with increased incidence in Crohn's disease. The aim of this study was to elucidate the genetic alterations. METHODS:Mutations and deletions involved in colorectal carcinoma were studied in sporadic and Crohn's-associated intestinal carcinomas and precur...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70087-8
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Omeprazole is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP2C19). The activity of this enzyme is polymorphic, with incidences of poor metabolizers (PMs), heterozygous extensive metabolizers (EMs), and homozygous EMs in white populations of 3%, 30%, and 67%, respectively. The importance of the CYP2C19 polymorphi...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.2000.16515
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota have been associated with metabolic diseases. However, little is known about host factors that induce changes in gastrointestinal bacterial populations. We investigated the role of bile acids in this process because of their strong antimicrobial activitie...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.07.046
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein with pleotropic functions, including clearance of hepatic insulin. We investigated the functions of the related protein CEACAM2, which has tissue-specific distribution (kidney, uterus, and crypt epi...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.03.056
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two types of benzodiazepine receptors have been identified in the central nervous system. The aim of these experiments was to determine if ligands for these receptors alter basal water absorption by rat ileum in vivo after central administration. Specifically, the effects on net water flux of the systemic and central ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(87)91023-7
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have prospectively studied changes in serum postprandial cholylglycine (CG) concentration during 297 pregnancies. We found an increase in CG concentration from 0.3 mumol/L at 15 weeks' pregnancy to 0.6 mumol/L at 40 weeks' pregnancy. Although this increase was statistically significant (p less than 0.005), median c...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(86)90682-7
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nuclear lamina is a multi-protein lattice composed of A- and B-type lamins and their associated proteins. This protein lattice associates with heterochromatin and integral inner nuclear membrane proteins, providing links among the genome, nucleoskeleton, and cytoskeleton. In the 1990s, mutations in EMD and LMNA we...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.03.026
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired metabolism of short-chain fatty acids, as well as a modified fecal ionogram, have been reported in ulcerative colitis. Fecal water samples from 62 patients with ulcerative colitis were analyzed in the present investigation to evaluate changes in SCFAs and lactic acid in relation to activity and severity of di...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(88)80078-7
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A human colon cancer cell line, HCT-8, is shown to be an appropriate target cell for study of natural killer (NK) activity in man. In parallel experiments, effector cell characteristics for NK and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were found to be vested in a single lymphocyte subpopulation, which bore r...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:HuR is a RNA-binding factor whose expression is commonly upregulated in some human tumor types. We explored the molecular mechanism underlying HuR elevation and its role in gastric cancer tumorigenesis. METHODS:HuR expression and subcellular localization were determined by polymerase chain reaction, ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.08.009
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:The integrin alpha(4)beta(7) mediates homing of effector/memory lymphocytes to the intestine and the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. This study examined the ability of alpha(4)beta(7)(hi) CD4(+) T lymphocytes to home to the stomach and their role in immunization-mediated protection against Helicoba...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.2000.8548
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:A 3-dimensional (3D) culture system for immortalized human hepatocytes (HuS-E/2 cells) recently was shown to support the lifecycle of blood-borne hepatitis C virus (HCV). We used this system to identify proteins that are active during the HCV lifecycle under 3D culture conditions. METHODS:We compared...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.05.014
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral blood leukocyte counts, percentages of lymphocytes and granulocytes, serum albumin levels, and results of skin tests with five antigens were examined in patients randomized in the National Cooperative Crohn's Disease Study. Inspection for differences from normal and correlations with a variety of variables ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Stool samples from patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a higher abundance of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius than stool from individuals without CRC, based on metagenome sequencing. We investigated whether P anaerobius contributes to colon tumor formation in mice and its possible mechanisms of ca...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.009
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare disease in infants, with unknown mechanisms of pathogenesis. It is characterized by hepatobiliary inflammatory, progressive destruction of the biliary system leading to liver fibrosis, and deterioration of liver function. Interleukin (IL) 17A promotes inflammatory and au...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.09.008
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The community of microorganisms within the human gut (or microbiota) is critical to health and functions with a level of complexity comparable to that of an organ system. Alterations of this ecology (or dysbiosis) have been implicated in a number of disease states, and the prototypical example is Clostridium difficile...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.008
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Hepatic vein thrombosis is thought to be manifested by ascites, abdominal pain, and hepatomegaly, with a uniformly poor prognosis. However, new imaging techniques allow for the diagnosis of hepatic vein thrombosis in asymptomatic cases. The aim of our study was to re-evaluate symptoms and prognosis in p...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(94)90765-x
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Apolipoprotein (apo) E is a genetically polymorphic protein influencing lipoprotein metabolism and the risk of both atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. As opposed to common apo E3, apo E2 decreases and apo E4 increases hepatic lipoprotein uptake; hence, apo E4 could promote gallstone formation by...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(96)70023-9
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Caspases are critical mediators of apoptosis and proliferation of peripheral blood T cells (PBT), but their role in lamina propria T cells (LPT), a cell population highly susceptible to apoptosis, has not been explored. METHODS:RA(+), RO(+) PBT, and LPT were activated with CD3, CD2, and CD28 antibodi...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/gast.2002.32996
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence showing that interstitial cells of Cajal have important regulatory functions in the gut musculature is accumulating. In the current study, the ultrastructure of the deep muscular plexus and associated interstial cells of Cajal in human small intestine were studied to provide a reference for identification and...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(92)91784-2
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a technique that permits real-time detection and quantification of changes in intestinal tissues and cells, including increases in intraepithelial lymphocytes and fluid extravasation through epithelial leaks. Using CLE analysis of patients with irritable bowel sy...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.046
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:A random biopsy is recommended for surveillance of ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated colorectal cancer. However, a targeted biopsy might be more effective. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare rates of neoplasia detection by targeted vs random biopsies in patients with UC. METHODS:W...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.08.002
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Tobacco smoking has a complex effect on intestinal inflammation, being protective in ulcerative colitis, whereas it aggravates Crohn's disease. The beneficial effect of smoking has been attributed to nicotine, but the mechanisms underlying the adverse effect are still under investigation. The aim of t...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70346-x
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the effect of oral cisapride (10 mg t.i.d.) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 26 patients with upper gut dysmotility: 11 with gastroparesis (8 diabetic, 3 idiopathic) and 15 with chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudoobstruction. Patients were evaluated at entry and at the end of the 6-...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The appropriate treatment of patients with fistulas in the setting of Crohn's disease requires a knowledge of the specific medical and surgical literature of fistulizing Crohn's. The patient with symptomatic fistulizing Crohn's disease may respond differently to specific medical therapy than a patient with symptomatic...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/gast.2000.18165
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00