Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:Examined effects of prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) on tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and cocaine use by age 15. METHODS:Adolescent (n=358; 183 PCE, 175 non-prenatally cocaine exposed; NCE) drug use was assessed using urine, hair, and/or blood spot samples and self-report (Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System; YRBSS) at ages 12 and 15. Logistic regression assessed effects of PCE on drug use controlling for other drug exposures, environment and blood lead levels (BLL). RESULTS:Adjusted percentages of drug use (PCE vs. NCE) were: tobacco 35% vs. 26% (p<.04), marijuana 33% vs. 23% (p<.04), alcohol 40% vs. 35% (p<.01), and any drugs 59% vs. 50% (p<.005). PCE adolescents were twice as likely to use tobacco (OR=2.02, 95% CI=1.05-3.90, p<.04), 2.2 times more likely to use alcohol (OR=2.16, 95% CI=1.21-3.87, p<.01) and 1.8 times more likely to use marijuana (OR=1.81, 95% CI=1.02-3.22, p<.04) than NCE adolescents. A race-by-cocaine-exposure interaction (p<.01) indicated PCE non-African American adolescents had greater probability of tobacco use (65%) than NCE non-African American youth (21%). PCE was associated with any drug use (OR=2.16, CI=1.26-3.69, p<.005), while higher BLL predicted alcohol use (p<.001). Violence exposure was a predictor of tobacco (p<.002), marijuana (p<.0007) and any drug (p<.04). CONCLUSIONS:PCE and exposure to violence increased the likelihood of tobacco, marijuana or any drug use by age 15, while PCE and higher early BLL predicted alcohol use. Prevention efforts should target high risk groups prior to substance use initiation.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Minnes S,Singer L,Min MO,Wu M,Lang A,Yoon Sdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.031subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
201-210eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(13)00410-9journal_volume
134pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The use of smoked marijuana as a therapeutic agent is presently a matter of considerable debate in the United States. Many people suffering from a variety of disorders maintain that it is necessary for their adequate treatment. Yet, the evidence to support claims is insufficient for FDA approval. An interim solution i...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.04.009
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journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
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更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
