Abstract：
:The adult brain has long been viewed as a collection of neuronal networks that maintain a fixed configuration of synaptic connections. Brain plasticity and learning was thought to depend exclusively on changes in the gain and offset of these connections. Over the last 50 years, molecular and cellular studies of neuroplasticity have altered this view. Brain plasticity is now viewed as a continuum of structural changes that could vary from long-range axon growth to the twitching of dendritic spines and synaptic receptor composition dynamics. Plasticity proteins similar to those that drive neuronal development may underpin brain plasticity, and consequently could regulate adaptations to new experiences and learning. In vivo imaging has confirmed that neuronal plasticity in the adult brain involves subtle structural changes at synaptic connections, including synapse formation and pruning. Synaptic structural changes are associated with experience-dependent plasticity, learning, brain traumas and neurodegeneration. Owing to the expanding toolbox of in vivo imaging we have come to the brink of understanding the causal relationship between structural synaptic network dynamics and functional brain plasticity. This review summarizes the technical developments in the imaging of laboratory animals' brains in vivo and the insights they have provided into the mechanisms of brain plasticity and learning.
journal_name
Eur J Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of pharmacologyauthors
Holtmaat A,Randall J,Cane Mdoi
10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-11-05 00:00:00pages
128-136issue
1-3eissn
0014-2999issn
1879-0712pii
S0014-2999(13)00542-6journal_volume
719pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Increased expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its downstream metabolite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), are well documented events in the development of colorectal cancer. Interestingly, PGE2 itself can induce the expression of COX-2 thereby creating the potential for positive feedback. Although evidence for such a ...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.08.002
更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The binding of [3H]LSD to serotonergic sites in human brain was studied. The pharmacological profile of [3H]LSD binding in frontal cortex differed to that in hippocampus. Analysis of the inhibition of [3H]LSD binding by serotonin and spiperone was consistent with the presence of two binding sites, which differed in ph...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(82)90555-6
更新日期：1982-08-13 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of chronic administration of morphine on the expression of an endogenous opioid peptide in the spinal dorsal horn. Bovine adrenal medulla 22-like immunoreactivity (BAM22-IR) was found in the superficial layers of the spinal cord. Intrathecal (i.t.) administra...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.06.023
更新日期：2008-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Thaliporphine (0.1-100 microM) produced sustained, concentration-dependent contraction in isolated rings of rat aorta. Thaliporphine (ED50 = 1.5 +/- 0.5 microM) was less potent than endothelin (ED50 = 3.9 +/- 0.4 nM), but was more potent than Bay K 8644 (ED50 = 5.5 +/- 0.6 microM). Thaliporphine also contracted guinea...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(93)90342-f
更新日期：1993-03-16 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.12.026
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abstract：:The spontaneous myogenic activity of the isolated rat portal vein was inhibited by atrial natriuretic factor or by sodium nitroprusside. These compounds were not effective on the tone induced by PAF-acether or carbachol. 8-Bromo cyclic GMP and dibutyryl cyclic AMP inhibited myogenic activity and reduced the agonist-in...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(88)90239-7
更新日期：1988-01-12 00:00:00
abstract：:KCl-contracted aortic rings from 18-month-old rats, in contrast with those from 2-month-old rats, showed a substantial reduction in the relaxant effects of the non-selective beta-adrenoceptor agonist, isoproterenol, and of the selective beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, clenbuterol, without changes in the relaxant actions ...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(91)90618-z
更新日期：1991-06-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were administered haloperidol, clozapine, raclopride, or no drug for either 28 days or 8 months and then withdrawn from drug treatment for 3 weeks. Oral movements were repeatedly recorded, both by a human observer and by a computerized video analysis system which determined mouth openings and closings, or compute...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(90)90077-j
更新日期：1990-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:UTP causes IL-6 production in HaCaT keratinocytes, which is partially inhibited by PD98059, a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor, suggesting that a pathway other than the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway is involved in the production. In the present study, we examined the involv...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.07.058
更新日期：2007-11-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(93)90476-x
更新日期：1993-06-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Compound (+)-R,R-D-84 is an optically active trans-hydroxy-substituted derivative of 4-(2-benzhydryloxy-ethyl)-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)piperidine (D-164). As a hydroxypiperidine analog of GBR 12935, (+)-R,R-D-84 is a candidate dopamine transporter compound for the treatment of cocaine dependence. The present work addresses ...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.10.028
更新日期：2004-12-03 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(87)90320-7
更新日期：1987-04-29 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00745-1
更新日期：1999-12-03 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173744
更新日期：2021-02-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(86)90792-2
更新日期：1986-06-24 00:00:00
abstract：:In the attempt to find a pharmacological treatment for the spasm of the internal anal sphincter, usually associated with anal fissures, the activity of caerulein on human internal and sphincter was investigated in vitro and in vivo. In the isolated distal part of the internal and sphincter, caerulein (0.61 microM) dep...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(83)90337-0
更新日期：1983-02-18 00:00:00
abstract：:ICI 169,369 is a chemically novel 5-HT antagonist that has higher affinity for the 5-HT2 binding sites in rat cortex than it has for 5-HT1 sites (Ki 1.79 x 10(-8) and 1.58 x 10(-6) M, respectively). In isolated tissue preparations ICI 169,369 was shown to be a competitive antagonist of 5-HT on the rabbit aorta, pig co...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(88)90005-2
更新日期：1988-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The study concerned the effects of chlorpromazine (CPZ), monodesmethyl-chlorpromazine (NOR1-CPZ), didesmethyl-chlorpromazine (NOR2-CPZ), and chlorpromazine-N-oxide (CPZ-NO) on the EEG and on dopamine metabolism of the isolated perfused rat brain. Isolated brains were perfused with 100 ml of a perfusion medium containi...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(79)90267-x
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1994-01-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(87)90567-x
更新日期：1987-09-23 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to investigate the possible role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the development of the behavioural recovery which occurs following unilateral labyrinthectomy (vestibular compensation) in the guinea pig, we administered systemically the specific NMDA receptor/channel antagonists MK801 and CPP (...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01019-6
更新日期：2001-05-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Three agents with K+ channel blocking activity, procaine, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and tetraethylammonium (TEA), were tested for inhibition of vasorelaxation and 86Rb+ efflux induced by cromakalim (BRL 34915), pinacidil and nicorandil in rabbit isolated mesenteric artery. The potency order for inhibition of vasorelaxati...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(88)90728-5
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abstract：:Cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction is in part triggered and maintained by reactive oxygen species. Antioxidants such as probucol have shown positive short-term effects on these cardiac interstitial changes in different experimental models after intraperitoneal administration or after per-oral administratio...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.11.049
更新日期：2007-03-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) decreases social exploration and induces weight loss in mice in a dose- and time-dependent manner (2.5-40 micrograms/mouse). To assess the role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in these effects, mice pretreated with IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra, 500 micrograms/mouse...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Internal and external carotid vascular resistances were measured, in anaesthetized monkeys, to asses the direct cranial vascular effects of i.v. methysergide, pizotifen and ergotamine, and their effects on the cranial vascular responses to the constrictors 5-hydroxytryptamine and noradrenaline and the dilators histami...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-2999(78)90038-9
更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined the effects of histamine on somatostatin-like immunoreactivity levels, binding of 125I-[Tyr11]somatostatin to its specific receptors, somatostatin inhibition of basal and forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity and inhibitory guanine-nucleotide binding protein (Gi) function in the rat...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0922-4106(95)90114-0
更新日期：1995-04-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of the present study were to examine the effect of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation on airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) proliferation and to address its potential mechanisms. Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.09.003
更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the detrusor fibrosis and urinary dysfunction in chronic prostatitis (CP), and to investigate whether resveratrol can improve the urinary dysfunction and the underlying molecular mechanism. After rat model of CP is established by subcutaneously injecting DPT vaccine, rats are treated with resveratrol. E...
journal_title：European journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.017
更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00
