Abstract:
:The study of sexual dimorphism in brain morphology may help delineate subtypes of schizophrenia based, in part, on sex; yield insight into the relationship between brain structure and behavior; and provide a neurodevelopmental context for studying the ontogenesis of schizophrenia. Preliminary findings from an ongoing study of sex differences in brain morphology and neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia suggest that schizophrenic males are characterized by multiple morphological deviations; this may represent an extreme form of normal sexual dimorphism in brain morphology. The role of brain morphology deviation in the ontogenesis of schizophrenia is discussed.
journal_name
Schizophr Bulljournal_title
Schizophrenia bulletinauthors
Lewine RR,Gulley LR,Risch SC,Jewart R,Houpt JLdoi
10.1093/schbul/16.2.195subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
195-203issue
2eissn
0586-7614issn
1745-1701journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Psychophysiological anomalies in symptomatic schizophrenic patients, remitted schizophrenic patients, and individuals at heightened risk for a schizophrenic disorder are reviewed with an emphasis on electrodermal anomalies. Two electrodermal anomalies are identified in different subgroups of symptomatic patients: (1) ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/10.2.204
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In follow-up from evidence obtained in linkage studies, systematic linkage disequilibrium mapping within chromosomal region 13q33 has led to the identification of a schizophrenia susceptibility locus which harbors the genes G72 and G30. These association findings have been replicated in several independent schizophren...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl028
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical descriptions of perceptual and attentional anomalies in schizophrenia emphasize phenomena such as flooding, or inundation, by sensory stimuli. A failure of sensory "gating" mechanisms in the brain is hypothesized to account for these symptoms, and this hypothesis has led to a marked interest in their putative...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033402
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prodrome of psychosis has become a target for early identification and for treatments that address both symptoms and risk for future psychosis. Interest and activity in this realm is now worldwide. Clinical trials with rigorous methodology have only just begun, making treatment guidelines premature. Despite the sp...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm025
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disrupted thalamo-cortical connectivity is regarded as a core psychopathology in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. However, whether the thalamo-cortical white matter connectivity is disrupted before the onset of psychosis is still unknown. To determine this gap in knowledge, the strength of thalamo-cortical white...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv169
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although schizophrenia affects a number of brain regions and produces a range of clinical symptoms, we believe its origins lie at the level of single neurons and simple networks. Owing to this, as well as to its high degree of heritability, we hypothesize that schizophrenia is amenable to cell-based studies in vitro. ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs127
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of gender in schizophrenia is explored, and literature on gender and schizophrenia is critically reviewed. The importance of investigating gender differences in schizophrenia is underscored by the lack of sufficient research in this area to date and the comparative neglect of sociocultural issues during the "...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006944
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) includes neuropsychological deficits in attention, working memory, verbal learning, and problem solving. These deficits have been shown to be linked to impairment in functional status (eg, social behavior, work performance, and activities of daily living) among...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl004
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with schizophrenia are often characterized as lacking insight or awareness into their illness and symptoms, yet despite considerable research, we still lack a full understanding of the factors involved in causing poor awareness. Within schizophrenia, there has been shown to be a fractionation across dimension...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq100
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This cross-sectional study examined the relationships between neurocognitive and social functioning in a sample of 80 outpatients with DSM-III-R schizophrenia. The neurocognitive battery included measures of verbal ability, verbal memory, visual memory, executive functioning, visual-spatial organization, vigilance, an...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033363
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuropsychological deficits predate overt psychosis and overlap with the impairments in the established disease. However, to date, no single neurocognitive measure has shown sufficient power for a prognostic test. Thus, it remains to be determined whether multivariate neurocognitive pattern classification co...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr037
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the existing evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of psychoeducational family interventions in the treatment of persons with schizophrenia. There is substantial evidence that psychoeducational family interventions reduce the rate of patient relapse. There is suggestive, though not conclusiv...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/21.4.631
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Randomized controlled trials for antipsychotic drugs have a variety of design features suited to diverse purposes. Efficacy (or explanatory) trials seek to establish if a drug can reduce psychotic symptoms under ideal circumstances. To isolate drug effects, researchers enroll carefully selected patients. Specialized r...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm156
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied schizophrenia spectrum disorders in Chernobyl accident survivors by analyzing Chernobyl exclusion zone (EZ) archives (1986-1997) and by conducting a psychophysiological examination of 100 patients with acute radiation sickness (ARS) and 100 workers of the Chernobyl EZ who had worked as "liquidators-voluntee...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033492
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the leading theories of the neuropathology of schizophrenia is that it is a developmental disorder of "neural connectivity." To assess this theory, it is first necessary to understand how precise neural connections normally are established. Sensory-driven neural activity has been widely recognized as crucial fo...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006880
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to evaluate the latent structure of DSM-IV schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) diagnostic criteria. The sample consisted of 564 consecutively admitted inpatients and outpatients. Exploratory latent class analysis identified a four-class model as the best fitting model for DSM-IV SPD criteri...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006860
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to my discussion of sex differences in concordance rates for schizophrenia in twins, Lewine (1979) noted that male schizophrenics are hospitalized earlier than females. He questioned whether females had been followed through the risk period. To clarify, I calculated the age at followup of discordant twins ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/5.1.8
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Self-experience anomalies are elementary features of schizophrenic pathology. Such deficits can have a profound impact on self-other relationship, but how they are related through aberrant brain function remains poorly understood. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we provide new evidence for ...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt153
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::While previous studies have found an increased incidence of schizophrenia in some immigrant groups, differences in age of onset in these groups has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to compare age of first hospitalization of (1) native-born people versus immigrants, (2) immigrants from different countri...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a006956
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Delusions, the fixed false beliefs characteristic of psychotic illness, have long defied understanding despite their response to pharmacological treatments (e.g., D2 receptor antagonists). However, it can be challenging to discern what makes beliefs delusional compared with other unusual or erroneous beliefs. We sugge...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw194
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia affects people of all age groups. Treatment plans for older adults with schizophrenia must consider the effects of age on the course of the illness as well as on the response to antipsychotics and to psychosocial interventions. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia tend to become less severe, substance abus...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbt043
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to examine (1) to which negative symptoms schizophrenia patients attribute distress and (2) whether clinical variables can predict the levels of reported distress. With the help of a research assistant, 86 hospitalized patients completed a self-rating scale for negative symptoms. The 21 it...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033490
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Impaired cognition is an important dimension in psychosis and its at-risk states. Research on the value of impaired cognition for psychosis prediction in at-risk samples, however, mainly relies on study-specific sample means of neurocognitive tests, which unlike widely available general test norms are difficu...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbu025
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) and the first episode of psychosis have been associated with structural brain abnormalities that could aid in the individualized early recognition of psychosis. However, it is unknown whether the development of these brain alterations predates the clinical deteri...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs095
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Separable, but positively correlated, factors emerge from analyses of cognitive test data in schizophrenia and control samples (eg, verbal memory and processing speed) and these factors guide data reduction. Additionally, data support a hierarchical model of cognitive performance, in which these correlatio...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq018
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The multilevel control of eye movements for the researcher in the schizophrenic disease process includes the saccadic trajectory, the dual mode tracking system, and schematically directed eye movements in fixation, in scanpaths, and other looking strategies, and in reading. Coordination of eye movements with head move...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/9.1.55
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discussion of the positive vs. negative distinction often fails to address whether this distinction refers to symptoms, syndromes, or diseases. Symptoms and syndromes are etiologically nonspecific, while diseases have a specific identifiable pathophysiology or etiology. The positive vs. negative distinction is sometim...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/11.3.380
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) is a catabolic enzyme involved in the degradation of a number of bioactive molecules; of principal interest to psychiatry, these include dopamine. The enzyme is encoded by the COMT gene. COMT is located (along with 47 other genes) in a fragment of chromosome 22q11 which when delete...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbm019
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found diurnal weight gain to be abnormal among 93 chronically psychotic patients, most of whom had schizophrenia. They were weighed at 7 a.m. and 4 p.m. weekly for 3 weeks. We normalized the diurnal weight gain (NDWG) as a percentage by subtracting the 7 a.m. weight from the 4 p.m. weight, multiplying the differenc...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/15.3.501
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strong familial aggregation of schizophrenia has been reported but there is uncertainty concerning the degree of genetic contribution to the phenotypic variance of the disease. This study aimed to examine the familial aggregation and heritability of schizophrenia, and the relative risks (RRs) of other psychiatric dise...
journal_title:Schizophrenia bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw159
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00