Abstract：
PROBLEM:Numerous lines of evidence implicate Apolipoprotein E (Apo E) in lipid metabolism during pregnancy. Hence, a role for its polymorphism has been envisaged in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) considering major structural and functional differences between different Apo E genotypes. METHOD OF STUDY:A case control study of 81 women with two or more pregnancy losses that did not have any other known risk factors including anatomic anomalies of the reproductive system, infections, immunologic factors, hormonal imbalances, chromosomal abnormalities and environmental factors was carried out. The control group consisted of 81 women with at least two healthy children and no RPL in their reproductive history. DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood following written consent and Apo E genotyping was carried out by amplifying exon 4 of the gene and subjecting it to digestion by HhaI restriction enzyme. RESULTS:Genotyping was concluded by analyzing different fragment sizes produced, which resulted in finding significantly higher frequency of combined E3/E4 and E4/E4 genotypes in the patients (about 20 %) compared to the normal controls (2.4 %). The genotypes were confirmed by DNA sequencing. CONCLUSION:Allelic frequency for E4 was 13.5 % in the patients and only 1 % in the non-RPL group. Our findings confirm and are in line with a number of similar studies carried out on other populations. Therefore, Apo E4 polymorphism seems to be contributing to the thrombophilic risk factors as a background to RPL.
journal_name
J Assist Reprod Genetjournal_title
Journal of assisted reproduction and geneticsauthors
Asgari N,Akbari MT,Zare S,Babamohammadi Gdoi
10.1007/s10815-012-9897-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
265-8issue
2eissn
1058-0468issn
1573-7330journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficacy of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for α- and β-double thalassemia combined with aneuploidy screening using next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS:An NGS-based PGT protocol was performed between 2017 and 2018 for twelve couples, each of which carried both α- and β-thalassemia ...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-020-01732-7
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the pattern of expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and its receptor, parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1), in mouse embryos in different stages of preimplantation development. METHODS:Embryos were cultured from the pronuclear zygote stage and harvested as 2-cell, 4-cell and...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-013-0094-y
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the viability of frozen embryos generated by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with frozen testicular spermatozoa. METHODS:A total of 68 fresh embryo transfer (ET) cycles and 85 subsequent frozen-thawed ET (FET) cycles were grouped according to the source of spermatozoa: fresh testicular sper...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-014-0304-2
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The male factor is nowadays one of the major problems in the treatment of infertility. New methods of assisted fertilization such as the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) show better fertilization and pregnancy rates than classical IVF. METHOD:In this study, we present a new technique of sperm preparatio...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02211143
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this prospective sibling oocyte study was to evaluate whether reduced culture volume improves blastocyst formation. METHODS:Twenty-three patients with extended embryo culture until day 5 were selected for the study. After injection, 345 sibling oocytes were individually cultured in either 25 or 7 μl...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-015-0541-z
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Surrogacy remains the only option for having a biologic child for a unique population of women with severe medical conditions. However, no study has looked at surrogacy outcome as a result of the type of ovarian stimulation of the intended mother [controlled ovarian stimulation (COH), modified natural cycle (MN...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-017-0877-7
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The protective effect of amifostine against cyclophosphamide (CP) was evaluated on mouse oocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Female mice were divided into four groups as follows: group1: cyclophosphamide (CP) (75 mg/kg, i.p) injection, group2: amifostine (250 mg/kg, i.p) injection, group3: amifostine (250 mg/kg, i....
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-013-0035-9
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We studied the influence of aging, hyaluronidase removal of the cumulus, and microinjection on the sperm binding potential of human oocytes under intact zona assay conditions to determine the safe use of unstored aged unfertilized ICSI oocytes on zona binding tests. Results were also compared with those for age...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02765778
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Our purpose was to review the available literature concerning the pathogenesis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and, in light of the most recent information, to attempt to provide further insight on this iatrogenic complication associated with the induction of ovulation. METHODS:Published studies related t...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1023052419627
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The study aimed to investigate the impact of the peak E2 level during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COS) on the cumulative live birth rate (cLBR) in non-PCOS women with normal ovarian reserve. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Women between 20 and 39 years were included. Donor cycles and patients who never experi...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-019-01568-w
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the biological variability of follicular fluid (FF) high density lipoprotein (HDL) particle components measured in ipsilateral ovarian follicles. METHODS:We collected FF from two ipsilateral follicles among six women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). We measured ...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-016-0648-x
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the efficiency of an original slow freezing protocol on the quality and function of human ovarian cortex. METHODS:Human ovarian tissues were cryopreserved using a freezing medium supplemented with propanediol and raffinose as cryoprotectants and antioxidants (L-glutamine, taurine). Samples were the...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-012-9917-5
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the association between phenotype and follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) genotype in women with ovarian dysfunction and patients with "poor response" to gonadotropin stimulation of ovulation. METHODS:FSHR gene SNPs were analyzed by PCR and RFLP. "Poor responders" (ovarian dysfunction) gro...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-008-9279-1
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:An association between the INS VNTR polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) susceptibility has been reported in previous studies, but the results were inconsistent. This study was conducted to explore this association using meta-analysis. METHODS:PubMed, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastr...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1007/s10815-014-0211-6
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To study the effect of CYP17a inhibitor, "ketoconazole," on clomiphene responsiveness in PCOS patients. METHODS:Prospective analysis was employed with the setup at Alexandria IVF/ICSI center. Ninety-seven insulin-resistant PCOS patients undergoing ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate were randomly divi...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1023/a:1013165006406
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify characteristics of female patients and of semen that were associated with live birth following intrauterine insemination (IUI). METHODS:Retrospective review of medical and laboratory results from 533 women who underwent IUI with partner's sperm from 1993 through 1995. RESULTS:Among 1728 cycles, 11...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1009402214820
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the difference of in vitro and in vivo grown oocytes, we compared maturation, fertilization, development, and maternal gene expression from both in vitro and in vivo grown mouse oocytes. METHODS:The preantral follicles isolated from 12-day-old mice were cultured on Transwell-COL membrane inserts...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:jarg.0000042008.83699.cc
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study determined the incidence of sperm nuclear DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chromosomal aneuploidy. The results were correlated with the semen analysis parameters and fertilization rates. METHODS:Semen samples from 10 men showing oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) and undergoing ICSI...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:jarg.0000029495.22787.83
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:One-cell mouse embryos were used to determine the effects of drop size and number of embryos per drop for optimum development in vitro. METHODS:Embryos were collected from immature C57BL6 female mice superovulated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and human chorionic gonadotropin and mated by CD1 males....
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01204051
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Our purpose was to achieve preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of the dominant cancer predisposition syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis coli (FAPC), as an alternative to prenatal diagnosis. METHODS:The affected patient was superovulated and oocytes were retrieved and fertilized by intracytoplasmic sp...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1023008921386
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of heterotopic pregnancy occurring after ET of pronuclear-stage embryos. This case demonstrates that pronuclear embryos have a good implantation potential and suggests that the potentially adverse effect of high follicular-phase serum progesterone levels on endometrial development might be offset by ...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01212937
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:this study was conducted on the effects of vitrification cryotop method on gene expression of mature oocytes in Mus musculus. METHODS:transcript analyses of three mouse genes, namely Mater, Hook1 and Sod1, were performed upon non-vitrified and vitrified oocytes with different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxi...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-010-9453-0
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The pregnancy outcome and the chances of birth were assessed according to embryo quality after IVF or ICSI. METHODS:The implantation rate (IR), the loss of gestational sacs rate (LGSR), and birth rate (BR) were determined according to the cleavage stage and the integrity of blastomeres after day-2 homogeneous ...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-007-9115-z
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether unexplained infertility at a young age demonstrates manifestations of decreased ovarian reserve. METHODS:A total of 100 women were divided into two equally sized groups. The study group comprised women aged ≤ 37 years diagnosed with unexplained infertility, and the control group included...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-019-01467-0
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study is to evaluate which cryopreservation protocol, freezing before or after swim-up, optimizes cryopreservation outcomes in terms of motile sperm count, motility, morphology, and viability, and also to establish whether sperm viability could be assessed based on sperm motility. METHODS:Fifty...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-017-1050-z
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Our purpose was to determine if controlled ovarian hyperstimulation adversely affects implantation. METHODS:A retrospective comparison of pregnancy rates (PRs) and implantation rates was made between oocyte recipients versus their donors, who shared half of the retrieved oocytes, and regular patients undergoin...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020565408018
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of follicle rupture on pregnancy rate in intrauterine insemination. MATERIAL AND METHOD:Retrospective cohort study. Evidence of follicle rupture was assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography following IUI. Two hundred ninety-six couples with unexplained infertility and 121 couples with ...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-008-9247-9
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the outcome of sperm extraction 24 h before ovum pickup and on the day of oocyte retrieval. METHODS:A controlled study was performed to compare the outcome of 90 sperm extractions and in vitro sperm injection cycles performed in 54 patients. RESULTS:Available fresh sperm for the sperm injection pro...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1023/a:1024116326465
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Our purpose was to compare the number and quality of spermatozoa recover following the standard centrifugation method with those after pulsing the relative centrifugal field during centrifugation. METHODS:A prospectively controlled in vitro study using ejaculates from 10 healthy sperm donors was undertaken. Nu...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1020385411769
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To correlate levels of cholesterol (CH), calcium (Ca2+), and mitochondrial activity (MA) with the standard semen parameters and to compare them between fertile and infertile men. METHODS:We studied 151 semen samples from infertile (n = 60) or fertile (n = 91) males. Basic sperm parameters were analyzed. Ca2+ a...
journal_title：Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10815-004-8761-7
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
