Toward the understanding of the metabolism of levodopa I. DFT investigation of the equilibrium geometries, acid-base properties and levodopa-water complexes.

Abstract:

:Levodopa (LD) is used to increase dopamine level for treating Parkinson's disease. The major metabolism of LD to produce dopamine is decarboxylation. In order to understand the metabolism of LD; the electronic structure of levodopa was investigated at the Density Functional DFT/B3LYP level of theory using the 6-311+G** basis set, in the gas phase and in solution. LD is not planar, with the amino acid side chain acting as a free rotator around several single bonds. The potential energy surface is broad and flat. Full geometry optimization enabled locating and identifying the global minimum on this Potential energy surface (PES). All possible protonation/deprotonation forms of LD were examined and analyzed. Protonation/deprotonation is local in nature, i.e., is not transmitted through the molecular framework. The isogyric protonation/deprotonation reactions seem to involve two subsequent steps: First, deprotonation, then rearrangement to form H-bonded structures, which is the origin of the extra stability of the deprotonated forms. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of LD and its deprotonated forms reveals detailed information of bonding characteristics and interactions across the molecular framework. The effect of deprotonation on the donor-acceptor interaction across the molecular framework and within the two subsystems has also been examined. Attempts to mimic the complex formation of LD with water have been performed.

journal_name

Int J Mol Sci

authors

Elroby SA,Makki MS,Sobahi TR,Hilal RH

doi

10.3390/ijms13044321

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-01-01 00:00:00

pages

4321-39

issue

4

issn

1422-0067

pii

ijms-13-04321

journal_volume

13

pub_type

杂志文章
  • cPKCγ-Modulated Sequential Reactivation of mTOR Inhibited Autophagic Flux in Neurons Exposed to Oxygen Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion.

    abstract::We have reported that conventional protein kinase Cγ (cPKCγ)-modulated neuron-specific autophagy improved the neurological outcome of mice following ischemic stroke through the Akt-mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. However, its detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, prim...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms19051380

    authors: Hua R,Han S,Zhang N,Dai Q,Liu T,Li J

    更新日期:2018-05-06 00:00:00

  • Effect of TDP2 on the Level of TOP2-DNA Complexes and SUMOylated TOP2-DNA Complexes.

    abstract::DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2) activity involves a normally transient double-strand break intermediate in which the enzyme is coupled to DNA via a 5'-phosphotyrosyl bond. However, etoposide and other topoisomerase drugs poison the enzyme by stabilising this enzyme-bridged break, resulting in the accumulation of TOP2-DNA ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms19072056

    authors: Lee KC,Swan RL,Sondka Z,Padget K,Cowell IG,Austin CA

    更新日期:2018-07-14 00:00:00

  • Identification and biochemical characterization of protein phosphatase 5 from the cantharidin-producing blister beetle, Epicauta chinensis.

    abstract::Protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) is a unique member of serine/threonine phosphatases which has been recognized in regulation of diverse cellular processes. A cDNA fragment encoding PP5 (EcPP5) was cloned and characterized from the cantharidin-producing blister beetle, E. chinensis. EcPP5 contains an open reading frame of 1...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms141224501

    authors: Chen X,Lü S,Zhang Y

    更新日期:2013-12-16 00:00:00

  • miRNAmotif-A Tool for the Prediction of Pre-miRNA⁻Protein Interactions.

    abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding post-transcriptional gene regulators. In mammalian cells, mature miRNAs are produced from primary precursors (pri-miRNAs) using canonical protein machinery, which includes Drosha/DGCR8 and Dicer, or the non-canonical mirtron pathway. In plant cells, mature miRNAs are excised fr...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms19124075

    authors: Urbanek-Trzeciak MO,Jaworska E,Krzyzosiak WJ

    更新日期:2018-12-17 00:00:00

  • Quantitative and chemical fingerprint analysis for the quality evaluation of Receptaculum Nelumbinis by RP-HPLC coupled with hierarchical clustering analysis.

    abstract::A simple and reliable method of high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was developed to evaluate the quality of Receptaculum Nelumbinis (dried receptacle of Nelumbo nucifera) through establishing chromatographic fingerprint and simultaneous determination of five flavonol ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms14011999

    authors: Wu YB,Zheng LJ,Yi J,Wu JG,Chen TQ,Wu JZ

    更新日期:2013-01-21 00:00:00

  • Cladieunicellins K and L, new eunicellin-based diterpenoids from an octocoral Cladiella sp.

    abstract::Two new eunicellin-based diterpenoids, cladieunicellins K (1) and L (2), were isolated from an octocoral Cladiella sp. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and 2 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity towards the MOLT-4 human leukemia. ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms141121781

    authors: Shih FY,Chen TH,Lu MC,Chen WF,Wen ZH,Kuo YH,Sung PJ

    更新日期:2013-11-04 00:00:00

  • Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Gene Family in Allotetraploid Cotton and Its Diploid Progenitors: In Silico Identification, Molecular Characterization, and Gene Expression Analysis under Multiple Abiotic Stresses, DNA Damage and Phytohormone Treatments.

    abstract::Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play a significant role in a plant's development and response to various environmental stimuli by regulating the gene transcription. However, HDACs remain unidentified in cotton. In this study, a total of 29 HDACs were identified in allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum, while 15 and 13 HDACs ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms21010321

    authors: Imran M,Shafiq S,Naeem MK,Widemann E,Munir MZ,Jensen KB,Wang RR

    更新日期:2020-01-03 00:00:00

  • Targeting TGF-β Signaling in Kidney Fibrosis.

    abstract::Renal fibrosis is the final common pathway of numerous progressive kidney diseases, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has an important role in tissue fibrosis by up-regulating matrix protein synthesis, inhibiting matrix degradation, and altering cell-cell interaction. Many strategies targeting TGF-β, including ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3390/ijms19092532

    authors: Isaka Y

    更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00

  • CPP-Assisted Intracellular Drug Delivery, What Is Next?

    abstract::For the past 20 years, we have witnessed an unprecedented and, indeed, rather miraculous event of how cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), the naturally originated penetrating enhancers, help overcome the membrane barrier that has hindered the access of bio-macromolecular compounds such as genes and proteins into cells, ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3390/ijms17111892

    authors: Ye J,Liu E,Yu Z,Pei X,Chen S,Zhang P,Shin MC,Gong J,He H,Yang VC

    更新日期:2016-11-14 00:00:00

  • Joint Effects of PON1 Polymorphisms and Vegetable Intake on Ischemic Stroke: A Family-Based Case Control Study.

    abstract::Paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) polymorphisms and dietary vegetable and fruit intake are both established determinants of ischemic stroke (IS). However, little is known about whether these factors jointly influence the risk of IS. We analyzed the main effects of PON1, as well as the interactions between PON1 and dietary veg...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms18122652

    authors: Juan J,Jiang X,Tang X,Wu Y,Sun K,Xiang X,Tian Y,Wu T,Sun Q,Kraft P,Hu Y

    更新日期:2017-12-07 00:00:00

  • Expression of selected Ginkgo biloba heat shock protein genes after cold treatment could be induced by other abiotic stress.

    abstract::Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play various stress-protective roles in plants. In this study, three HSP genes were isolated from a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of Ginkgo biloba leaves treated with cold stress. Based on the molecular weight, the three genes were designated GbHSP16.8, GbHSP17 and...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms13055768

    authors: Cao F,Cheng H,Cheng S,Li L,Xu F,Yu W,Yuan H

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Production of structured phosphatidylcholine with high content of DHA/EPA by immobilized phospholipase A₁-catalyzed transesterification.

    abstract::This paper presents the synthesis of structured phosphatidylcholine (PC) enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by transesterification of DHA/EPA-rich ethyl esters with PC using immobilized phospholipsase A1 (PLA1) in solvent-free medium. Firstly, liquid PLA1 was immobilized on resin ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms150915244

    authors: Li X,Chen JF,Yang B,Li DM,Wang YH,Wang WF

    更新日期:2014-08-28 00:00:00

  • Bioactive Phytochemicals from Wild Arbutus unedo L. Berries from Different Locations in Portugal: Quantification of Lipophilic Components.

    abstract::The lipophilic composition of wild Arbutus unedo L. berries, collected from six locations in Penacova (center of Portugal), as well as some general chemical parameters, namely total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity was studied in detail to better understand its po...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms160614194

    authors: Fonseca DF,Salvador ÂC,Santos SA,Vilela C,Freire CS,Silvestre AJ,Rocha SM

    更新日期:2015-06-23 00:00:00

  • Possible Immune Regulation of Natural Killer T Cells in a Murine Model of Metal Ion-Induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis.

    abstract::Metal often causes delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions, which are possibly mediated by accumulating T cells in the inflamed skin, called irritant or allergic contact dermatitis. However, accumulating T cells during development of a metal allergy are poorly characterized because a suitable animal model is unavailab...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3390/ijms17010087

    authors: Kumagai K,Horikawa T,Shigematsu H,Matsubara R,Kitaura K,Eguchi T,Kobayashi H,Nakasone Y,Sato K,Yamada H,Suzuki S,Hamada Y,Suzuki R

    更新日期:2016-01-12 00:00:00

  • Cell-biomaterial mechanical interaction in the framework of tissue engineering: insights, computational modeling and perspectives.

    abstract::Tissue engineering is an emerging field of research which combines the use of cell-seeded biomaterials both in vitro and/or in vivo with the aim of promoting new tissue formation or regeneration. In this context, how cells colonize and interact with the biomaterial is critical in order to get a functional tissue engin...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3390/ijms12118217

    authors: Sanz-Herrera JA,Reina-Romo E

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • The Role of miR-375-3p and miR-200b-3p in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.

    abstract::Deregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles and their contribution to carcinogenesis have been observed in virtually all types of human cancer. However, their role in the pathogenesis of rare mesenchymal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is not well defined, yet. In this study, we aimed to investigate the r...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms21145151

    authors: Gyvyte U,Lukosevicius R,Inciuraite R,Streleckiene G,Gudoityte G,Bekampyte J,Valentini S,Salteniene V,Ruzgys P,Satkauskas S,Zviniene K,Kupcinskas J,Skieceviciene J

    更新日期:2020-07-21 00:00:00

  • The Mechanism of Melatonin and Its Receptor MT2 Involved in the Development of Bovine Granulosa Cells.

    abstract::Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) are a critical approach to investigate the mechanism of gene regulation during folliculogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of MT2 in bovine GCs, and assess whether MT2 silencing affected GCs response to melatonin. We found that MT2 silencing significantly dec...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms19072028

    authors: Wang S,Liu W,Pang X,Dai S,Liu G

    更新日期:2018-07-12 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of the antiradical properties of phenolic acids.

    abstract::Antioxidant capacity (AOC) against peroxyl radical and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical cation was measured for a series of p-hydroxybenzoic (HB) and p-hydroxycinnamic (HC) acids at different pH. Quantum-chemical computation was performed using Gaussian 3.0 softwa...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms150916351

    authors: Koroleva O,Torkova A,Nikolaev I,Khrameeva E,Fedorova T,Tsentalovich M,Amarowicz R

    更新日期:2014-09-16 00:00:00

  • Validated HPAEC-PAD Method for the Determination of Fully Deacetylated Chitooligosaccharides.

    abstract::An efficient and sensitive analytical method based on high-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) was established for the simultaneous separation and determination of glucosamine (GlcN)₁ and chitooligosaccharides (COS) ranging from (GlcN)₂ to (GlcN)₆ without prior deri...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms17101699

    authors: Cao L,Wu J,Li X,Zheng L,Wu M,Liu P,Huang Q

    更新日期:2016-10-10 00:00:00

  • Crossbridge Recruitment Capacity of Wild-Type and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy-Related Mutant Troponin-T Evaluated by X-ray Diffraction and Mechanical Study of Cardiac Skinned Fibers.

    abstract::X-ray diffraction and tension measurement experiments were conducted on rat left ventricular skinned fibers with or without "troponin-T treatment," which exchanges the endogenous troponin T/I/C complex with exogenous troponin-T. These experiments were performed to observe the structural changes in troponin-T within a ...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms21103520

    authors: Yamaguchi M,Kimura M,Ohno T,Nakahara N,Akiyama N,Takemori S,Yagi N

    更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00

  • The Constipation-Relieving Property of d-Tagatose by Modulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota.

    abstract::d-tagatose, a monosaccharide as well as a dietary supplement, has been reported as having a wide range of applicability in the food industry, however, the prebiotic activity, anticonstipation effects, and related mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, using the loperamide-induced constipation Kunming mice as the...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms20225721

    authors: Liang YX,Wen P,Wang Y,OuYang DM,Wang D,Chen YZ,Song Y,Deng J,Sun YM,Wang H

    更新日期:2019-11-14 00:00:00

  • Melatonin Suppresses the Kainate Receptor-Mediated Excitation on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons in Female and Male Prepubertal Mice.

    abstract::Melatonin, a pineal gland secretion, is an amphiphilic neurohormone involved in the biological and physiologic regulation of bodily functions. Numerous studies have shown the effects of melatonin on the release of gonadotropins and their actions at one or several levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Howe...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms21175991

    authors: Rijal S,Cho DH,Park SA,Jang SH,Ábrahám IM,Han SK

    更新日期:2020-08-20 00:00:00

  • Fabrication of chitosan/silk fibroin composite nanofibers for wound-dressing applications.

    abstract::Chitosan, a naturally occurring polysaccharide with abundant resources, has been extensively exploited for various biomedical applications, typically as wound dressings owing to its unique biocompatibility, good biodegradability and excellent antibacterial properties. In this work, composite nanofibrous membranes of c...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms11093529

    authors: Cai ZX,Mo XM,Zhang KH,Fan LP,Yin AL,He CL,Wang HS

    更新日期:2010-09-21 00:00:00

  • Suppression of Pax3-MITF-M Axis Protects from UVB-Induced Skin Pigmentation by Tetrahydroquinoline Carboxamide.

    abstract::Paired box gene 3 (Pax3) and cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) directly interact with the cis-acting elements on the promoter of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor isoform M (MITF-M) for transcriptional activation in the melanogenic process. Tyrosinase (Tyro) is a target gene of MITF-M, and fu...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms21249631

    authors: Choi YP,Kim GH,Kim SH,Maeng J,Lee H,Han SB,Kim KH,Kim Y

    更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00

  • Aged Mouse Cortical Microglia Display an Activation Profile Suggesting Immunotolerogenic Functions.

    abstract::Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and participate in physiological and pathological processes. Their unique developmental nature suggests age-dependent structural and functional impairments that might contribute to neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we addressed...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms19030706

    authors: Zöller T,Attaai A,Potru PS,Ruß T,Spittau B

    更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00

  • Ginsenoside Rb1 Blocks Ritonavir-Induced Oxidative Stress and eNOS Downregulation through Activation of Estrogen Receptor-Beta and Upregulation of SOD in Human Endothelial Cells.

    abstract::We have previously shown that ritonavir (RTV), a highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) drug, can cause endothelial dysfunction through oxidative stress. Several antioxidants including ginsenoside Rb1, a compound with antioxidant effect, can effectively block this side effect of RTV in endothelial cells. In the...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms20020294

    authors: Lü JM,Jiang J,Jamaluddin MS,Liang Z,Yao Q,Chen C

    更新日期:2019-01-12 00:00:00

  • Morquio B Disease. Disease Characteristics and Treatment Options of a Distinct GLB1-Related Dysostosis Multiplex.

    abstract::Morquio B disease (MBD) is an autosomal recessive GLB1-gene-related lysosomal storage disease, presenting with a peculiar type of dysostosis multiplex which is also observed in GALNS-related Morquio A disease. MBD may present as pure skeletal phenotype (pure MBD) or in combination with the neuronopathic manifestations...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3390/ijms21239121

    authors: Yuskiv N,Higaki K,Stockler-Ipsiroglu S

    更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00

  • GeneAnalytics Pathway Analysis and Genetic Overlap among Autism Spectrum Disorder, Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia.

    abstract::Bipolar disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SCH) show similar neuropsychiatric behavioral disturbances, including impaired social interaction and communication, seen in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with multiple overlapping genetic and environmental influences implicated in risk and course of illness. GeneAnalytics so...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms18030527

    authors: Khanzada NS,Butler MG,Manzardo AM

    更新日期:2017-02-28 00:00:00

  • Reactive oxygen species released from hypoxic hepatocytes regulates MMP-2 expression in hepatic stellate cells.

    abstract::Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor and is associated with fibrogenesis. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), produced by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), plays an important role in liver fibrogenesis. However, inconsistent results have been reported on the impact of hypoxia on MMP-2 expression and activity i...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms12042434

    authors: Li J,Fan R,Zhao S,Liu L,Guo S,Wu N,Zhang W,Chen P

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Knockdown of AMPKα2 Promotes Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells Proliferation via mTOR/Skp2/p27(Kip1) Signaling Pathway.

    abstract::It has been shown that activation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) suppresses proliferation of a variety of tumor cells as well as nonmalignant cells. In this study, we used post-transcriptional gene silencing with small interfering RNA (siRNA) to specifically examine the effect of AMPK on pu...

    journal_title:International journal of molecular sciences

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3390/ijms17060844

    authors: Ke R,Liu L,Zhu Y,Li S,Xie X,Li F,Song Y,Yang L,Gao L,Li M

    更新日期:2016-05-31 00:00:00