Pancreatic islet expression of chemokine CCL2 suppresses autoimmune diabetes via tolerogenic CD11c+ CD11b+ dendritic cells.

abstract：:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multigenic autoimmune disease, and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II polymorphism serves as a key genetic element. In SLE-prone (NZB x NZW)F(1) mice, the MHC H-2(d/z) heterozygosity (H-2(d) of NZB and H-2(z) of NZW) has a strong impact on disease; thus, congeni...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang D,Fujio K,Jiang Y,Zhao J,Tada N,Sudo K,Tsurui H,Nakamura K,Yamamoto K,Nishimura H,Shira T,Hirose S

更新日期：2004-09-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the synthesis of a probe that permits the visualization by electron microscopy of acidic organelles in intact cells. This probe, 3-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-3'-amino-N-methyldipropylamine (DAMP), is a basic congener of dinitrophenol that readily diffuses into intact cells. Its primary and tertiary amino groups (a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anderson RG,Falck JR,Goldstein JL,Brown MS

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli fMet-tRNAfMet alters the pattern of promoter selection of E. coli RNA polymerase (RNA nucleotidyltransferase, nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase; EC 2.7.7.6), affecting RNA synthesis from the rRNA, suIII+tRNA, and lac promoters in different ways. The in vitro synthesis of the stable RNA...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Debenham PG,Pongs O,Travers AA

更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The "disease-specific" (dsp) region next to the hrp gene cluster of Erwinia amylovora is required for pathogenicity but not for elicitation of the hypersensitive reaction. A 6.6-kb apparent operon, dspEF, was found responsible for this phenotype. The operon contains genes dspE and dspF and is positively regulated by h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bogdanove AJ,Kim JF,Wei Z,Kolchinsky P,Charkowski AO,Conlin AK,Collmer A,Beer SV

更新日期：1998-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Human neutrophils respond to chemoattractants, resulting in their accumulation at an inflammatory site. Chemoattractants such as the C5a peptide, derived from the C5 complement factor, bind to inhibitory guanine nucleotide binding protein (Gi)-coupled seven membrane-spanning receptors expressed in neutrophils. C5a rec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buhl AM,Avdi N,Worthen GS,Johnson GL

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The biosynthesis of the peroxisomal enzymes acyl-CoA oxidase, 3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase (acetyl-CoA acyl-transferase, EC 2.3.1.16), and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) was studied in cultured skin fibroblasts from a control subject and from patients with Zellweger syndrome and the infantile form of Refsum disease, inherited disor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schram AW,Strijland A,Hashimoto T,Wanders RJ,Schutgens RB,van den Bosch H,Tager JM

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:p150Glued was first identified as a polypeptide that copurifies with cytoplasmic dynein, the minus-end-directed microtubule-based motor protein, and has more recently been shown to be present as a member of the oligomeric dynactin complex, which includes the actin-related protein centractin (Arp-1). Dynactin is though...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Waterman-Storer CM,Karki S,Holzbaur EL

更新日期：1995-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a neurotoxin that causes parkinsonism in humans and nonhuman animals, and its use has led to greater understanding of the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. However, its molecular targets have not been defined. We show that mice lacking the gene for poly(ADP-rib...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mandir AS,Przedborski S,Jackson-Lewis V,Wang ZQ,Simbulan-Rosenthal CM,Smulson ME,Hoffman BE,Guastella DB,Dawson VL,Dawson TM

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] is the distinguishing protein component of lipoprotein(a), a major inherited risk factor for atherosclerosis. Human apo(a) is homologous to plasminogen. It contains from 15 to 50 repeated domains closely related to plasminogen kringle four, plus single kringle five-like and inactive protease...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lawn RM,Schwartz K,Patthy L

更新日期：1997-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry was used to follow the time course of disulfide bond formation during in vitro refolding of recombinant human macrophage-colony-stimulating factor. The content of iodoacetamide-alkylated half-cystines in proteolytic peptides of trapped refolding intermediates collected at 0, 6, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Glocker MO,Arbogast B,Milley R,Cowgill C,Deinzer ML

更新日期：1994-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The actin cytoskeleton is an essential intracellular filamentous structure that underpins cellular transport and cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells. However, the system-level properties of actin-based cellular trafficking remain tenuous, largely due to the inability to quantify key features of the actin cytoskeleton...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Breuer D,Nowak J,Ivakov A,Somssich M,Persson S,Nikoloski Z

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) is a multisubunit protein complex that is essential for the proper architecture of the mitochondrial inner membrane. MICOS plays a key role in establishing and maintaining crista junctions, tubular or slit-like structures that connect the cristae mem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pape JK,Stephan T,Balzarotti F,Büchner R,Lange F,Riedel D,Jakobs S,Hell SW

更新日期：2020-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite being a fundamental electronic component for over 70 years, it is still possible to develop different transistor designs, including the addition of a diode-like Schottky source electrode to thin-film transistors. The discovery of a dependence of the source barrier height on the semiconductor thickness and deri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang J,Wilson J,Auton G,Wang Y,Xu M,Xin Q,Song A

更新日期：2019-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The liver provides for long-term energy needs of the body by converting excess carbohydrate into fat for storage. Insulin is one factor that promotes hepatic lipogenesis, but there is increasing evidence that glucose also contributes to the coordinated regulation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism in liver by mechanis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iizuka K,Bruick RK,Liang G,Horton JD,Uyeda K

更新日期：2004-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Poly(A)+ mRNA was isolated from the brains of C57BL/6J (B6), DBA/2J (D2), and F1 hybrid mice (B6 X D2) of 16-17 days of age. The yield of polysomal RNA, both poly(A)+ and poly(A)-, from the three strains of mice was comparable. When translated in vitro in a reticulocyte lysate system, the mRNA preparations had the sam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miskimins R,Ebato H,Seyfried TN,Yu RK

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), the prototypic nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus, was recovered from a full-length cDNA clone of the viral genome. Bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase expressed from a recombinant vaccinia virus was used to drive the synthesis of a genome-length positive-sense transcript o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whelan SP,Ball LA,Barr JN,Wertz GT

更新日期：1995-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper exploits a unique ongoing experiment to analyze the effects of early rearing conditions on physical and mental health in a sample of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). We analyze the health records of 231 monkeys that were randomly allocated at birth across three rearing conditions: mother rearing, peer reari...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Conti G,Hansman C,Heckman JJ,Novak MF,Ruggiero A,Suomi SJ

更新日期：2012-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In the search for selective and long-acting analogs of somatostatin, nearly 200 compounds were synthesized by solid-phase methods, purified, and tested biologically. Among these octapeptides, some contained N-terminal (Formula: see text) were 177 times and 113 times more potent, respectively, than somatostatin in test...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cai RZ,Szoke B,Lu R,Fu D,Redding TW,Schally AV

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomes of hyperthermophilic Archaea encode dozens of methylation guide, C/D box small RNAs that guide 2'-O-methylation of ribose to specific sites in rRNA and various tRNAs. The genes encoding the Sulfolobus homologues of eukaryotic proteins that are known to be present in C/D box small nucleolar ribonucleoprotei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Omer AD,Ziesche S,Ebhardt H,Dennis PP

更新日期：2002-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A unified structure theory of icosahedral quasicrystals, combining the twinned-cubic-crystal theory and the Penrose-tiling-six-dimensional-projection theory, is described. Values of the primitive-cubic lattice constant for several quasicrystals are evaluated from x-ray and neutron diffraction data. The fact that the l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pauling L

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, surface-sensitive spectroscopy data and molecular dynamics simulations have generated intense interest in the distribution of electrolyte ions between bulk water and the air/water interface. A partitioning model for cations and anions developed for biopolymer surface is extended here to interpret the effects...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pegram LM,Record MT Jr

更新日期：2006-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Thrombospondin, a 450-kDa multinodular glycoprotein with lectin-type activity, is found in human platelets, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, monocytes, and granular pneumocytes. Thrombospondin interacts with heparin, fibrinogen, fibronectin, collagen, histidine-rich glycoprotein, and plasminogen. R...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Asch AS,Leung LL,Shapiro J,Nachman RL

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urbanization and rural-urban migration are two factors driving global patterns of disease and mortality. There is significant concern about their potential impact on disease burden and the effectiveness of current control approaches. Few attempts have been made to increase our understanding of the relationship between...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tian H,Hu S,Cazelles B,Chowell G,Gao L,Laine M,Li Y,Yang H,Li Y,Yang Q,Tong X,Huang R,Bjornstad ON,Xiao H,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the chemical relationships between rat liver lysosomal and microsomal beta-D-glucuronidases (EC 3.2.1.31), which are essentially identical catalytically and in reactivity with antibody and similar in molecular weight, the two enzymes were isolated by procedures in which modifications of the proteins wer...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tulsiani DR,Six H,Touster O

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cat-86 gene in plasmid pPL603 specifies chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and is selectively expressed in Bacillus subtilis at a stage in sporulation in which internal spores are first observed (approximately T8). The gene is unexpressed in vegetatively growing cells. cat-86 expression and spore formation ar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mongkolsuk S,Lovett PS

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cell surface receptors are multimeric proteins, composed of several structural domains, some involved in ligand recognition, whereas others are responsible for signal transduction. In most cases, the mechanism of how ligand interaction in the extracellular domains leads to the activation of effector domains remai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang S,Cao J,Jiang M,Labesse G,Liu J,Pin JP,Rondard P

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of 3T3/A31 cells to serum-free medium, one type of apoptotic stimulus, causes a rapid increase in the sphingosine (Sph) level, which initiates a series of processes: (i) activation of caspase 3 through an enhanced "cascade" of caspases, (ii) release of the C-terminal-half kinase domain of PKCdelta (PKCdelta K...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suzuki E,Handa K,Toledo MS,Hakomori S

更新日期：2004-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Mumps virus (MuV) is a highly contagious pathogen, and despite extensive vaccination campaigns, outbreaks continue to occur worldwide. The virus has a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome that is encapsidated by the nucleocapsid protein (N) to form the nucleocapsid (NC). NC serves as the template for both transc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cox R,Pickar A,Qiu S,Tsao J,Rodenburg C,Dokland T,Elson A,He B,Luo M

更新日期：2014-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding of thyroid hormone to the thyroid hormone receptor (TR) mediates important physiological effects. However, the transcriptional effects of TR mediated by the thyroid response element (TRE) cannot explain many actions of thyroid hormone. We postulate that TR can initiate rapid, non-TRE-mediated effects in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hiroi Y,Kim HH,Ying H,Furuya F,Huang Z,Simoncini T,Noma K,Ueki K,Nguyen NH,Scanlan TS,Moskowitz MA,Cheng SY,Liao JK

更新日期：2006-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The programmed activation/repression of transcription factors in early hematopoietic differentiation has not yet been explored. The DNA-binding protein GATA-1 is required for normal erythroid development and regulates erythroid-expressed genes in maturing erythroblasts. We analyzed GATA-1 expression in early human adu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sposi NM,Zon LI,Carè A,Valtieri M,Testa U,Gabbianelli M,Mariani G,Bottero L,Mather C,Orkin SH

更新日期：1992-07-15 00:00:00