Abstract:
:The vagus is a mixed nerve carrying somatic and visceral afferents and efferents. The majority of vagal nerve fibers are visceral afferents and have a wide distribution throughout the central nervous system (CNS) either monosynaptically or via the nucleus of the solitary tract. Besides activation of well-defined reflexes, vagal stimulation produces evoked potentials recorded from the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, the thalamus, and the cerebellum. Activation of vagal afferents can depress monosynaptic reflexes, decrease the activity of spinothalamic neurons, and increase pain threshold. Depending on the stimulation parameters, vagal afferent stimulation in experimental animals can produce electroencephalographic (EEG) synchronization or desynchronization and has been shown to affect sleep states. The desychronization of the EEG appears to depend on activation of afferent fibers that have conduction velocities of less than or equal to 15 m/s. Vagal afferent stimulation can also influence the activity of interictal cortical spikes produced by topical strychnine application, and either attenuate or stop seizures produced by pentylenetetrazol, 3-mercaptoproprionic acid, maximal electroshock, and topical alumina gel. The mechanisms for the antiepileptic effects of vagal stimulation are not fully understood but probably relate to effects on the reticular activating system. The vagus provides an easily accessible, peripheral route to modulate CNS function.
journal_name
Epilepsiajournal_title
Epilepsiaauthors
Rutecki Pdoi
10.1111/j.1528-1157.1990.tb05843.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
S1-6eissn
0013-9580issn
1528-1167journal_volume
31 Suppl 2pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
EPILEPSIA文献大全abstract::The diagnosis of idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs) is not generally difficult if one follows the clinical and electroencephalogram (EEG) definitions of each subsyndrome that constitutes IGEs. In contrast, symptomatic epilepsies develop based on organic brain lesions and are easily diagnosed by the presence of d...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2005.00318.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In the presurgical evaluation of children and juvenile patients with refractory focal epilepsy, the main challenge is to localize the point of seizure onset as precisely as possible. We compared results of the conventional electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) analysis with tho...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03587.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Folic acid deficient diet reduces the duration and severity of intravenous megimide seizures in the rat after 6 months of diet. Plasma and serum folate levels are strongly reduced after that period. The difference between Lactobacillus casei and Streptococcus faecalis activity in brain show a slight, but not significa...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1977.tb04987.x
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenesis of neurogenic pulmonary edema has been debated for many years. Whether cardiogenic mechanisms and increased pulmonary vascular pressures are primary or even necessary for the production of pulmonary edema has been argued. We used postictal pulmonary edema to study this problem in a sheep model of neur...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00587.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report three cases of reflex epilepsy with myoclonic jerks of the right arm and fingers precipitated by calculation using a Soroban. An EEG spike-wave complex with left central prevalence was induced. Various types of stimulation were used to induce epileptic discharges, and a simultaneous mental task requiring a h...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1991.tb05608.x
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative efficacies of phenobarbital (PB), phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), and valproic acid (VPA) in the suppression of focal and generalized seizures produced by electrical stimulation of two different cortical sites (areas 3 and 10) were evaluated in the rat. The two cortical sites were distinguished by s...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb03530.x
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Prenatal exposure to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is associated with an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction at early school age. Our aim was to investigate whether signs of adverse drug effects on brain function could be detected already during the first 2 weeks of life. METHODS:We studied prospectively 56...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.13281
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy surgery (ES) is addressed in relation to economic classifications of national resources and welfare in developing countries. A decade ago, ten developing countries conducted ES; now 26 such countries have reported results of ES. A number of international authorities define indicators of national economic welf...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb01538.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The concordance of lateralized EEG postictal polymorphic delta activity (PPDA) to the side of seizure origin in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has received limited study. Our objective was to study the lateralizing value of PPDA in patients with documented TLE. METHODS:A cohort of consecutive adults with TLE, de...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.45999.x
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have an increased risk of developing seizures or epilepsy. Little is known about the role of risk factors and about the risk of developing seizures/epilepsy in patients with vascular dementia (VD). The aim of this study was to assess incidence rates (IRs) of seizures/epile...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12045
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report the study of a 30-month-old girl with refractory myoclonic epilepsy associated with mental retardation, growth delay, peculiar facial appearance, and minor physical anomalies. Extensive genetic studies were performed, including an array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) that showed...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 古典文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02078.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intracarotid amobarbital procedure (IAP) is frequently used to determine hemispheric language dominance and memory competence in individuals with intractable epilepsy before surgical intervention. The present study focused on outcome results concerning use of this technique in children. The IAP was an effective to...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1992.tb01755.x
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fragile X mental retardation 1 gene (Fmr1) is polymorphic for CGG trinucleotide repeat number in the 5'-untranslated region, with repeat lengths <45 associated with typical development and repeat lengths >200 resulting in hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of the gene and mental retardation in the frag...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03486.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To confirm the efficacy and to clarify the problems of clobazam (CLB) as a new antiepileptic drug (AED) and clorazepate (CLP) as an alternative AED in Japan. METHODS:CLB and CLP were added on or replaced with conventional AEDs in 55 and 170 patients with refractory epilepsies, respectively. Short-term efficacy...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.458005.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep is a modulator of seizure activity, and many antiepileptic drugs are modulators of sleep. Can influences on sleep organization be involved in antiepileptic drug action, and can these partly account for differences in drug response of various epileptic syndromes? Much more exact data must be collected before thes...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1984.tb03445.x
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative evidence of hippocampal atrophy has been correlated with site of seizure onset, hippocampal neuronal loss, and seizure relief after resection. Most studies have quantified hippocampal atrophy using ratios or differences between right and left hippocampal values. However, bilateral hippocampal atrophy may ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb01634.x
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined postoperative changes in the memory function of 68 people with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (HS) who underwent epilepsy surgery and had no previous clinical memory impairments. One in four with right HS (RHS) and one in five with left HS (LHS) in our sample of 323 people with unilateral HS performed wi...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12319
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Each antiepileptic drug has a characteristic pharmacokinetic profile, and the unique properties of each must be considered when selecting the optimal agent for a particular patient. Detailed pharmacologic data are obtained during the preapproval evaluation of a drug, particularly in early phase studies in healthy volu...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the launching worldwide of a range of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), the prescriber has a much wider choice than ever before. Comparative studies between new and established AEDs are few, and those between new AEDs are rarely performed. This report considers the strengths and weaknesses of nine new and establish...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb05966.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In patients with pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy,we demonstrate that magnetoencephalography (MEG) detects spike-locked and spike-independent epileptic high gamma oscillations (HGOs) using combined MEG and invasive electroencephalography (iEEG) from subdural macroelectrodes. Six patients, who underwent presurgical wor...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02579.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five-hundred twelve epileptic children were followed longitudinally for several years. The 2- and 4-year remission statuses at the latest examination were 50.6 and 44.2%, respectively. Dividing our sample into groups showing onset of seizures in infancy or at 2-3, 4-7, 8-10, or 11-14 years, the remission rates were as...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1982.tb05053.x
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Our goal was to study the anticonvulsant action of tiagabine (TGB) at different levels of brain maturation in rats. METHODS:Wistar rats in five age groups (7, 12, 18, 25, and 90 days old) were injected intraperitoneally with TGB at doses of 0.5-32 mg/kg. Thirty minutes later, motor seizures were induced by the...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00112.x
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in elderly individuals with epilepsy. METHODS:We searched four electronic databases as well as bibliographies and conference abstracts. Published and unpublished, randomized, or quasirandomized trials reporting the use of AEDs in people ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/epi.16068
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The presence of specific neurocognitive deficits may help explain why school achievement and psychosocial functioning are often worse in children with epilepsy than would be predicted by their global intellectual functioning. This study compared children with two forms of epilepsy: localization-related epilepsy...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03706.x
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seizures cannot be medically controlled in approximately 40% of people with epilepsy. Although we are beginning to understand how to better treat certain seizure types, we still do not know the regulatory events that determine antiepileptic drug resistance. Proposed pathoetiologic mechanisms include altered expression...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/epi.12183
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic findings are emerging rapidly in 2 large, closely related epilepsy research consortia: the Epilepsy Phenome/Genome Project and Epi4K. Disclosure of individual results to participants in genomic research is increasingly viewed as an ethical obligation, but strategies for return of results were not included in t...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14530
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A survey was made of a network of 14 epilepsy centers in Italy to assess whether integrated diagnosis and treatment monitoring led to a more precise syndromic classification of the patients and a better response to treatment. METHODS:Data on the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy and the degree of seizure con...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb00072.x
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study examined the relation between psychiatric diagnosis and mental health services in children with epilepsy and the associated demographic, cognitive, linguistic, behavioral, and seizure-related variables. METHODS:The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS), the Child Behavio...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2003.25002.x
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain stimulation is currently used as an experimental treatment for patients with medically refractory epilepsy. However, the results of such stimulation are still less than optimal. A major factor is the lack of understanding of the mechanisms of applied stimuli. Herein we review evidence on the effects of stimulati...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02619.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We used a model of self-staining status epilepticus (SSSE), induced by brief intermittent stimulation of the perforant path in unanesthetized rats, to study the mechanism of initiation and of maintenance of SSSE and the role of neuropeptides in those processes. METHODS:The perforant path was stimulated intermi...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.43.s.5.1.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00