Abstract：
:Autoimmunity is influenced by multiple factors including gender and sex hormones. A definite female predominance is found in many autoimmune diseases. Gender is also associated with differences in clinical presentation, onset, progression and outcome of autoimmune diseases. Sex hormones might influence the target organ's vulnerability to an autoimmune response. Gender differences also exist in organ specific autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Crohn's disease and celiac disease. Nevertheless, other organ specific autoimmune diseases (i.e. ulcerative colitis) are seemingly characterized with similar prevalence in both males and females. The reason for gender differences in certain autoimmune diseases remains unknown, but may be attributed to sex hormone influence, fetal microchimerism, X chromosome inactivation, and X chromosome abnormalities. Sex hormones have been found to have immune modulating properties, as well as providing cellular protection following tissue damage in certain circumstances. Sex hormones also influence innate and adaptive immune cells, number of B and T cells, antigen presentation and cytokine secretion. Herein, we review the influence of gender on organ-specific autoimmune diseases affecting the heart, blood vessels, central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. It appears that sex hormones may have a therapeutic potential in several autoimmune conditions, although further research is required before therapeutic recommendations can be made.
journal_name
Autoimmun Revjournal_title
Autoimmunity reviewsauthors
Nussinovitch U,Shoenfeld Ydoi
10.1016/j.autrev.2011.11.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
A377-85issue
6-7eissn
1568-9972issn
1873-0183pii
S1568-9972(11)00245-Xjournal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:IgG4-related disease is a distinct clinical entity, whose characteristic features are the following; Serum IgG4 is prominently elevated, IgG4-positive plasma cells infiltrate in involved tissues, various mass-forming lesions with fibrosis develop in a timely and spatial manner and the response to corticosteroids is pr...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2010.05.003
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2008.01.001
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2008.05.002
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2009.02.002
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2007.03.007
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2013.03.003
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2012.02.006
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2008.07.002
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2011.11.023
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2012.05.005
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2005.09.002
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
