Abstract：
:The skin is the largest organ in the body and is a barrier between the internal and external environment. The present study evaluates how PTU, a goitrogen, that is used to treat hyperthyroidism affects the structure and electrical properties of the frog (Xenopus laevis) skin. The results are considered in the context of the two-membrane model established in the seminal work of Ussing and collegues in the 1940s and 1950s. In vitro experiments with skin from Xenopus adults revealed that PTU can act directly on skin and causes a significant increase (p<0.05, One-way ANOVA) in short circuit current (Isc) via an amiloride-insensitive mechanism. Juvenile Xenopus exposed to waterborne PTU (5 mg/L) had a significantly bigger and more active thyroid gland (p<0.01, Student's t-test) than control Xenopus. The bioelectric properties of skin taken from Xenopus juveniles treated with PTU in vivo had a lower Isc, (3.05±0.4, n=13) and Rt (288.2±39.5) than skin from control Xenopus (Isc, 4.19±1.14, n=14; Rt, 343.3±43.3). A histological assessment of skin from PTU treated Xenopus juveniles revealed the epidermis was significantly thicker (p<0.01, Student's t-test) and had a greater number of modified exocrine glands (p<0.01, Student's t-test) in the dermis compared to control skin. Modifications in skin structure are presumably the basis for its changed bioelectric properties and the study highlights a site of action for environmental chemicals which has been largely neglected.
journal_name
Gen Comp Endocrinoljournal_title
General and comparative endocrinologyauthors
Carvalho ES,Fuentes J,Power DMdoi
10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.09.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-12-01 00:00:00pages
301-8issue
3eissn
0016-6480issn
1095-6840pii
S0016-6480(11)00363-7journal_volume
174pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:To design a homologous bioassay for the molt-inhibiting hormone and the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone of the shrimp Penaeus vannamei, the effect of sinus gland homogenate (SGh), in vitro, on ecdysteroid production by Y-organs (YOs), and the effect of the injection of SGh, in vivo, on the glycemia of shrimps have be...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1996.0092
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1008
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2006.01.015
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.05.017
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.02.010
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.2001.7728
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1996.6829
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.06.013
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.04.001
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2004.02.003
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2012.01.007
更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2010.07.019
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1999.7395
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
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更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.10.013
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine (DA) has a pivotal role in avian prolactin (PRL) secretion, acting centrally through D(1) DA receptors to stimulate PRL secretion by operating through vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). DA also inhibits PRL secretion by activating D(2) DA receptors at the pituitary level. This study was designed to investig...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2008.08.002
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increasing evidence shows that growth hormone (GH) expression is not limited to the pituitary, as it can be produced in many other tissues. It is known that growth hormone (GH) plays a role in the control of reproductive tract development. Acting as an endocrine, paracrine and/or autocrine regulator, GH influences pro...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.02.021
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The capacity for early life environmental stressors to induce programming effects on the endocrine stress response in fish is largely unknown. In this study we determined the effects of high environmental ammonia (HEA) exposure on the stress response in larval zebrafish, assessed the tolerance of embryonic and larval ...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.09.024
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in the regulation of reproductive function. In the present study, we examined the effects of caloric restriction (CR) on the reproductive lifespan in rats and investigated the potential role of IGF-1. After 10 weeks of treatment, we determined the distri...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.09.005
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously shown that the somatic growth of barfin flounder, Verasper moseri, was promoted by green light. The present study was undertaken to elucidate whether growth-promoting effect of green light can be observed in other flatfishes and to understand the roles of endocrine systems in green light-induced gro...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.11.005
更新日期：2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Flatfishes with more body height after metamorphosis should be better adapted to a benthic lifestyle. In this study, we quantified the changes in body height during metamorphosis in two flatfish species, Paralichthys olivaceus and Platichthys stellatus. The specific pattern of cell proliferation along the dorsal and v...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.06.028
更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It is now clearly established that the central and peripheral nervous systems have the ability to synthesize de novo steroids referred to as neurosteroids. The major evidence for biosynthesis of neuroactive steroids by nervous tissues is based on the expression of enzymes implicated in the formation of steroids in neu...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.05.014
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pancreatic polypeptide (PP) has been isolated from pancreatic extracts of the herring gull (Larus argentatus) using a radioimmunoassay employing an antiserum (PP 221), generated to the conserved C-terminal hexapeptide amide of mammalian PP. Gel permeation and reverse-phase HPLC fractionation of crude pancreatic extrac...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/gcen.1994.1029
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effect of several potential carbohydrate secretagogues, amino acids, a ketoacid, and potassium chloride on insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin release from the in vitro perfused Brockmann body of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Mannose (15 mM) stimulated the release of insulin and somatostat...
journal_title：General and comparative endocrinology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0016-6480(87)90120-1
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
