Abstract:
:This article described an improved brine shrimp larvae lethality microwell test method. A simply designed connecting vessel with alternative photoperiod was used to culture and collect high yield of active Artemia parthenogenetica nauplii for brine shrimp larvae lethality microwell test. Using this method, pure A. parthenogenetica nauplii suspension was easily cultured and harvested with high density about 100-150 larvae per milliliter and the natural mortality was reduced to near zero by elimination of unnecessary artificial disturbance. And its sensitivity was validated by determination of LC(50)-24 h of different reference toxicants including five antitumor agents, two pesticides, three organic pollutants, and four heavy metals salts, most of which exhibited LC(50)-24 h between 0.07 and 58.43 mg/L except for bleomycin and mitomycin C with LC(50)-24 h over 300 mg/L.
journal_name
Toxicol Mech Methodsjournal_title
Toxicology mechanisms and methodsauthors
Zhang Y,Mu J,Han J,Gu Xdoi
10.3109/15376516.2011.583297subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
23-30issue
1eissn
1537-6516issn
1537-6524journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::ABSTRACT The purpose of this study, carried out in Wistar rats, was to evaluate the protective effect of dietary restriction (performed by intermittent fasting) against oxidative stress induced by a low concentration of nickel chloride in kidney, liver, uterus, and ovary. Lipid peroxidation (TBARS), catalase activity,...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510802338766
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carfilzomib (CFZ) is an inhibitor of proteasome that is generally used in the treatment of multiple myeloma but due to its cardiotoxicity clinical use may be limited. Dexrazoxane (DZR), an inhibitor of topoisomerase-II, prevents cardiac damage by reducing the formation of reactive oxygen species and hypertrophic gene ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2016.1143071
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylthiophanate is one of the widely used fungicides to control important fungal diseases of crops. The aim of this study was to elucidate the short-term hematoxicity and genotoxicity effects of methylthiophanate administered by intraperitoneal way at three doses (300, 500 and 700 mg/kg of body weight) after 24, 48 ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2014.961217
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Xysmalobium undulatum (Uzara) is one of the most widely used indigenous traditional herbal remedies in Southern Africa. Commercially available Uzara plant material was used to prepare a crude aqueous extract, of which the toxicity potential was investigated in the hepatic HepG2/C3A cell line in both traditional two-di...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2018.1485805
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limited information is available regarding systemic changes in mammals associated with exposures to petroleum/hydrocarbon fuels. In this study, systemic toxicity of JP-8 jet fuel was observed in a rat inhalation model at different JP-8 fuel vapor concentrations (250, 500, or 1000 mg/m(3), for 91 days). Gel electrophor...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376511003681009
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present investigation acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was estimated in erythrocytes from blood samples exposed to four commonly used organophosphorus pesticides in vitro. The aim of the study was to determine the IC50 concentration of the pesticides monocrotophos, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, and acephate as inhibitor...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376520600719281
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crotonaldehyde is a hazardous pollutant present in cigarette smoke and automobile exhausts that is generated by lipid peroxidation, and harmful to reproductive organs. Although we are often exposed to low doses of crotonaldehyde daily, its adverse effects on the reproductive organs have not been fully elucidated. To e...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2019.1646369
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The B6C3F1 mouse is the standard mouse strain used in National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenesis studies. Over time, increased liver tumorigenesis that was correlated with elevated body weights was noted in males and females. NTP therefore replaced the NIH-07 diet with the NTP-2000 diet and returned to group hou...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2012.672482
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::How triptolide is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in connection with its hepatotoxicity remains unclear. The objective of our study was to find out the link between mitochondrial dynamics and cell death in triptolide induced hepatotoxicity. We treated L02 cells with 25 nM concentration of tript...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2019.1669247
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Oxidative damage to cellular constituents is one of the major mechanisms of alcoholic liver injury, and administration of antioxidants ameliorates alcoholic liver disease. The present study investigated the influence of (-) epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a major polyphenol component of green tea, on oxidant...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510701884985
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors have previously shown that high alcohol preference rats (HAP) have a significantly higher sensitivity than low alcohol preference rats (LAP) for methamphetamine (MAP). In this study, changes in dopamine and serotonin release induced by MAP (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) after pre-treatment with D1 and D2 rec...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376511003621658
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A suboptimal in utero environment can have detrimental effects on the pregnancy and long-term adverse "programing" effects on the offspring. Aflatoxin B1 is one of the potent reproductive toxicants and currently detected in both milk and tissues. This article focuses on the effects of prenatal exposure to graded doses...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2016.1151967
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allergic rhinitis (also known as hay fever) is the most commonly occurring immunological disorder, and it affects 40 million men, women, and children in the United States. Symptomatically, it is an inflammation and irritation of the mucous membranes that line the nose. Allergy is defined as a state of hypersensitivity...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/713857188
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Miniscrew implants are widely used nowadays in orthodontic treatments due to their good results in clinical practice. However, data regarding the biocompatibility of commercially available orthodontic miniscrews and temporary devices are very scarce, and their role as genotoxicity inducers has been not previously eval...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1053652
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicity and mutagenicity in peripheral blood and buccal mucosal cells in mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I, II or VI patients. METHODS:A total of 12 patients with MPS type I, II and VI attended at the Institute of Genetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2014.956913
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium is one of the most toxic elements to which man can be exposed at work or in the environment. By far, the most salient toxicological property of Cd is its exceptionally long half-life in the human body. Once absorbed, Cd accumulates in the human body, particularly in the liver and other vital organs. The cellul...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376510903325670
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fusarium mycotoxin toxicosis has been implicated in the etiology of Keshan disease, an endemic mitochondrial cardiomyopathy prevailing in certain areas of China. Butenolide (4-acetamido-4-hydroxy-2-butenoic acid gamma-lactone) is one of the Fusarium mycotoxins which are frequently detected from cereal grains in endemi...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510802322802
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a highly toxic industrial solvent with pronounced systemic toxicity including brain. Neurotoxicity may be a direct result of hepatic dysfunction from CCl4 intoxication. Over the years CCl4 has been used as an excellent model for studying experimentally induced neurotoxicity in murine mod...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2014.945108
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In pregnancy, opioids may be used medically and also misused. We hypothesized that the umbilical cord (UC) could be a good screening tool for determining opioid exposure and improving medical care. One hundred and one UC, each with 50 associated ICD9/ICD10 codes were used. Using predictive pharmacokinetic analysis we ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2018.1506850
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzene (C6H6) is one of the most commonly used industrial chemicals causing environmental pollution. This study aimed to examine the effect of benzene and its metabolite hydroquinone on glucose regulating organs, liver and pancreas, and to reveal the involved toxic mechanisms, in rats. In the in vivo part, benzene wa...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2015.1053650
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethanol metabolism is accompanied by generation of free radicals that damage cell components, especially lipids. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy of the preventive effect of black tea on the lipid oxidative modifications in different tissues (plasma, liver, brain, kidney, stomach, lung, intes...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510701624050
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Triptolide is a diterpene triepoxide isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal vine Trypterygium wilfordii hook f. (T. wilfordii). It possesses multiple biological activities, such as antitumor, immunosuppression, and antifertility. Previous studies suggested that triptolide might be a potential candida...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510802192882
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need for reliable results in Toxicological Analysis is recognized and required worldwide. The analytical validation ensures that a method will provide trustworthy information about a particular sample when applied in accordance with a predefined protocol, being able to determine a specific analyte at a distinct co...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2020.1839612
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oxytocin (OT) injections have been indiscriminately used to milk cattle in dairy industries. There is no study available regarding surveillance of OT in market milk samples. MATERIAL AND METHODS:OT from milk samples was extracted by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid and passed through the solid phase ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2014.910851
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal disease is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. The pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy is not well understood, but hyperglycemia seems to be a crucial factor. Recent evidence indicates that the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, observed in both clinical and experimental diabetes, and mitochondr...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376520590968806
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study evaluated in vitro and in vivo toxicity of carboxyl or amine polyethylene glycol (PEG) surface functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Assessments of cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and oxidative stress were performed in vitro and in vivo (in a 1-month follow-up stud...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376516.2018.1540674
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The present investigation was undertaken to examine the effects of chlorpyrifos (CP, an organophosphate) and deltamethrin (DM, a pyrethroid pesticide) treatments at low and high doses and their combination on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT and also AChE activ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376510701380463
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The titanium nitride coated titanium is a material intended for the fabrication of left ventricular assist device. As per International standards, a material is subjected to pre-clinical evaluation before fabrication of a device. Toxicity/biocompatibility studies such as acute systemic toxicity, intracutaneous irritat...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2011.610384
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicogenomics has evolved into a useful technique for providing greater mechanistic insights into adverse effects that will spur the development of novel approaches for identifying and understanding toxicity issues. The ability to capture a snapshot of the transcriptome at any given time during the development of an ...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/15376520600558317
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impurities in drug substances and drug products generally do not have beneficial effects and may impose a risk without associated benefit. Levofloxacin n-oxide is an impurity isolated from levofloxacin. However there is insufficient toxic information about levofloxacin n-oxide. This study investigates the genotoxicity...
journal_title:Toxicology mechanisms and methods
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/15376516.2011.635319
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00