Abstract：
:Pemphigoid (Pg) is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease that affects the elderly population. The phenotype can be Bullous Pemphigoid (BP), which primarily involves the skin, or Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP), which primarily involves mucus membranes. Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid (OCP) and Oral Pemphigoid (OP) are subsets of MMP. The known antigens in BP are Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen 1 (BPAG1, also known as BP230), Bullous Pemphigoid Antigen 2 (BPAG2, also known as BP180), and subunits of human integrins α6 and β4. The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) allele HLA-DQβ1*0301 has been reported to be associated with enhanced susceptibility to all of these subsets. Sera of patients with the four subsets are characterized by the presence of anti-Basement Membrane Zone (anti-BMZ) antibodies. In this manuscript, we present a model in which relevant portions of the four different antigens involved in pemphigoid have potential sites that could be presented by an antigen presenting cell (APC) in conjunction with DQβ1*0301 to a T cell receptor to initiate the process that results in anti-BMZ antibody production. Thus, this model provides a hypothetical computer-based mechanism to explain how a single HLA allele can be associated with the production of antibodies to four different antigens that result in four different subsets of a disease with four different clinical profiles and prognoses.
journal_name
Autoimmun Revjournal_title
Autoimmunity reviewsauthors
Zakka LR,Reche P,Ahmed ARdoi
10.1016/j.autrev.2011.07.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-01 00:00:00pages
40-7issue
1eissn
1568-9972issn
1873-0183pii
S1568-9972(11)00154-6journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Annexin V inhibits prothrombin activation and is able to prevent thrombus formation under normal venous and arterial blood flow conditions. Antibodies to annexin V have been identified in association with several pathological conditions, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with or without anti-phospholipid sy...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2004.07.006
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This case control study assessed: 1) the relationship of systemic sclerosis (SSc) related to exposure to heavy metals; and 2) the risk of SSc related to occupational exposure in male and female patients. METHODS:From 2005 to 2008, 100 patients with a definite diagnosis of SSc were included in the study; 3 ag...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2017.01.004
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) for autoimmune diseases has been recognized as a potential treatment for patients who have failed conventional therapy. Autologous (self) donor cells have been preferred over allogeneic (HLA-matched) cells for rescue after high dose immunotherapy, given the previous higher rat...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2005.03.003
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The gold standard for secondary thromboprophylaxis in APS is long term anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs). Because of their widespread use and potential advantages of directs oral anticoagulants (DOACs) over VKAs, they have been prescribed in APS without definitive evidence of their safety and...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102711
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the skin and other visceral organs and it is associated with immune activation characterized by autoantibody production, release of various cytokines and T-lymphocyte activation. Several recent lines o...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2011.04.013
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a rare clinicoradiological entity characterized by typical MRI findings located in the occipital and parietal lobes, caused by subcortical vasogenic edema. It was first described as a distinctive syndrome by Hinchey in 1996. Etiopathogenesis is not clear, although it is ...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2015.05.006
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Oxidation reactions can modify protein activity or specificity. Recently, a novel redox-reactive family of autoantibodies was described, which indicated involvement of altered antibodies (beside altered antigens) into autoimmune reactions. The aim of our study was to determine the binding capacity alterations of e...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2008.04.005
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autotaxin (ATX) is a 125-kD type II ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP2 or NPP2) originally discovered as an unknown "autocrine motility factor" in human melanoma cells. In addition to its pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase activities ATX has lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activity, catalyzing the co...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2016.03.019
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a common unique form of inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. Its exact prevalence is unknown but 5-30% of the 2-3% of subjects of the general population affected with psoriasis are developing PsA. Typically PsA presents as an oligoarticular asymmetrical arthritis with predomin...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2006.12.001
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune responses and inflammation are involved in the excess cardiovascular risk observed in patients with systemic inflammatory diseases. Autoimmune myocarditis is a presentation of an inflammatory reaction of the heart during the course of autoimmune disorders, with most cases seen in systemic lupus erythematosu...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2012.05.005
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate differences between childhood (cPAN)- and adult-onset polyarteritis nodosa (aPAN) patients. METHODS:cPAN patients' clinical findings at onset and outcomes were compared to those of aPAN patients from the French Vasculitis Study Group registry matched for year of enrollment and initial systemic...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2018.08.001
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heat-shock protein (Hsp) family is made up of heterogeneous proteins of which Hsp60 members are the most studied. It is now generally admitted that Hsp60 is not only a mitochondrial component but can be localized on the membrane cell surface. Considered as a signal danger following infections, Hsp60 can induce the pro...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2007.01.012
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Anticardiolipin antibodies of the immunoglobulin G isotype (IgG aCL) have been suggested as risk factor for arterial and venous thrombosis. No conclusive data in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) do exist. We investigate the risk of recurrent CAD according to the presence of IgG aCL. METHODS:We pe...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2019.03.005
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic rheumatic diseases (SRDs) are associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. It has recently been recognised that chronic inflammation is an important factor in the development of atherosclerotic plaque and endothelial dysfunction. The levels of biomarkers such as serum pentraxin 3 (PTX3), an innate immunity pr...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2010.08.001
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) are prevalent in women during their childbearing age. For their treatment, high doses of corticosteroid (CS) for long-term periods are often required, increasing the risk of bone loss. According to recent guidelines, bisphosphonates (BP) should be used as first line treatment to pre...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2010.03.002
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by a distinctive pattern of bone and joint destruction. RA patients have an increased risk of death. The incidence and prevalence of RA vary across populations, statistical methods, and disease definitions. In North America and Northern Eu...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2009.11.019
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare multi-system autoimmune disease, characterised by a pauci-immune necrotising small-vessel vasculitis, with a relapsing and remitting course. Like many autoimmune diseases, the exact aetiology of AAV, and the factors that influenc...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102660
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Rhupus" or "rhupus syndrome" is a poorly described and underdiagnosed disease in which features of both rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) appear in the same patient, most often sequentially. The SLE-related involvement is usually mild, dominated by hematological abnormalities and skin, ...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102612
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmunity is increasingly accepted as the origin or amplifier of various diseases. In contrast to classic autoantibodies (AABs), which induce immune responses resulting in the destruction of the affected tissue, an additional class of AABs is directed against G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs; GPCR-AABs). GPCR-AAB...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2017.01.012
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The complement system is profoundly involved in the pathogenesis of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody (Ab) related myasthenia gravis (MG) and its animal model experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). The most characteristic finding of muscle pathology in both MG and EAMG is the abundance of IgG and compl...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2013.03.003
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-actinin (α-actinin) is a ubiquitous cytoskeletal protein, which belongs to the superfamily of filamentous actin (F-actin) crosslinking proteins. It is present in multiple subcellular regions of both muscle and non-muscle cells, including cell-cell and cell-matrix contact sites, cellular protrusions and stress fi...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2010.12.009
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders constitute one of the most common clinical presentations to clinical care givers. Within this category of illnesses, systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA)...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2007.08.003
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Follicular helper T cells (T(FH)) have been implicated as a lineage that provides sufficient help to B cells in order to become professional antibody producers. This T helper subset is characterized by a distinctive cell-surface phenotype (CD4(+)CD57(+)CXCR5(+)) and cytokine profile (IL-21, IL-6, and IL-27) as well as...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2010.11.007
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D is a steroid hormone derived from vitamin D, playing an important role in maintaining an adequate serum level of calcium and phosphorus. It is now clear that vitamin D exerts an endocrine action on the cells of the immune system, generating anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects. The me...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2014.10.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Low dose (10-25 mg/week) methotrexate is widely used for the management of systemic inflammatory diseases, and is considered to be relatively safe. Toxicity due to low dose MTX has been reported but is poorly characterized. We describe the clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes of low dose MTX toxicity...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2014.08.027
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune diseases are systemic or organ-specific disorders that are the result of an attack of the immune system against the body's own tissue. Development of autoimmune disease is generally avoided by distinct mechanisms that silence adaptive self-reactive T or B cells. The innate immune system is critically involv...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2008.12.019
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As autoantibodies bind to target tissues, Fc-region dependent inflammation can induce pain via mediators exciting nociceptors. But recently another possibility has emerged, where autoantibody binding to nociceptors can directly cause pain, without inflammation. This is thought to occur as a result of Fab-region mediat...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2016.02.011
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibodies present in healthy conditions in the absence of deliberate immunization or infections are called natural antibodies. A significant proportion of natural antibody pool is believed to interact with self-antigens, and thus is called natural autoantibodies. Natural autoantibodies belong to IgG, IgM and IgA subc...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2012.02.006
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Female predominance is a common characteristic for autoimmune diseases attributed to the combined effect of hormonal influence and genetic factors. Since X chromosome has immunologically important genes, the age related X chromosome loss could contribute to the development of autoimmunity. X chromosome monosomy (XCM) ...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2010.03.001
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmunity causes pathological conditions resulting in autoimmune diseases (ADs). Although autoimmunity is a mystery, immunological dogma suggests that autoreactive cell reactivation (ACR) breaks self-tolerance and induces autoimmunity. Thus, ACR is a royal pathway for ADs. Cumulative evidence implicates environment...
journal_title：Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.autrev.2014.08.024
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
