Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare multi-system autoimmune disease, characterised by a pauci-immune necrotising small-vessel vasculitis, with a relapsing and remitting course. Like many autoimmune diseases, the exact aetiology of AAV, and the factors that influence relapse are unknown. Evidence suggests a complex interaction of polygenic genetic susceptibility, epigenetic influences and environmental triggers. This systematic mapping review focuses on the environmental risk factors associated with AAV. The aim was to identify gaps in the literature, thus informing further research. METHODS:Articles that examined any environmental risk factor in AAV disease activity (new onset disease or relapse) were included. Studies had to make explicit reference to AAV, which includes the 3 clinico-pathological phenotypes (GPA, MPA and EGPA), rather than isolated ANCA-positivity. All articles identified were English-language, full manuscripts involving adult humans (>16 years). There was no restriction on publication date and all study designs, except single case reports, were included. The systematic search was performed on 9th December 2019, using the following databases: EMBASE, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Web of Science. RESULTS:The search yielded a total of 2375 articles. 307 duplicates were removed, resulting in the title and abstract of 2068 articles for screening. Of these, 1809 were excluded. Thus, 259 remained for full-text review, of which 181 were excluded. 78 articles were included in this review. The most notable findings support the role of various pollutants - primarily silica and other environmental antigens released during natural disasters and through farming. Assorted geoepidemiological triggers were also identified including seasonality and latitude-dependent factors such as UV radiation. Finally, infection was tightly associated, but the exact microorganism(s) is not clear - Staphylococcus aureus is the most presently convincing. CONCLUSION:The precise aetiology of AAV has yet to be elucidated. It is likely that different triggers, and the degree to which they influence disease activity, vary by subgroup (e.g. ANCA subtype, geographic region). There is a need for more interoperable disease registries to facilitate international collaboration and hence large-scale epidemiological studies, with novel analytical techniques.
journal_name
Autoimmun Revjournal_title
Autoimmunity reviewsauthors
Scott J,Hartnett J,Mockler D,Little MAdoi
10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102660subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-01 00:00:00pages
102660issue
11eissn
1568-9972issn
1873-0183pii
S1568-9972(20)30235-4journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Vascular endothelial injury in Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) leads to pathological changes in the blood vessels that adversely impact the physiology of many organs, resulting in chronic tissue ischemia. The response to hypoxia induces complex cellular and molecular mechanisms in the attempt to recover endothelial cell func...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2011.04.016
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Low dose (10-25 mg/week) methotrexate is widely used for the management of systemic inflammatory diseases, and is considered to be relatively safe. Toxicity due to low dose MTX has been reported but is poorly characterized. We describe the clinical features, risk factors, and outcomes of low dose MTX toxicity...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.08.027
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pemphigoid (Pg) is an autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease that affects the elderly population. The phenotype can be Bullous Pemphigoid (BP), which primarily involves the skin, or Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid (MMP), which primarily involves mucus membranes. Ocular Cicatricial Pemphigoid (OCP) and Oral Pemphigoid (...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2011.07.002
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this systematic review was to enhance diagnostic approaches and summarize therapeutic strategies in the management of AI in patients with systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). METHODS:A ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2018.06.014
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the impaired function and the destruction of tissues that are caused by an immune response in which aberrant antibodies are generated and attack the body's own cells and tissues. Interleukin (IL) -37, a new member of the IL-1 family, broadly reduces innate inflammation as well ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2015.08.006
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most common autoimmune endocrine diseases. Both are organ-specific T-cell mediated diseases. Abundant epidemiological data support a strong genetic basis for both T1D and AITD. Furthermore, both diseases commonly occur in the same individuals and...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1568-9972(03)00080-6
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rett syndrome (RTT) is a devastating neurodevelopmental disease, previously included into the autistic spectrum disorders, affecting almost exclusively females (frequency 1:10,000). RTT leads to intellective deficit, purposeful hands use loss and late major motor impairment besides featuring breathing disorders, epile...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2016.01.011
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most enigmatic problems in rheumatology has been juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Firstly, the classification has often depended on clinical features that have variations between patients. Secondly, there are different classification schemes in usage and there are few objective serologic tests that help...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2005.09.011
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arrays are one of the technologies able to detect autoantibodies by measuring simultaneously many thousands of markers from a unique biological sample. The main purpose of a diagnostic test is making an early and accurate diagnosis. From a statistical point of view, multiple testing increases the probability of false ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2007.01.008
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is a systemic small vessel vasculitis for which treatment of severe cases is usually based on glucocorticoids and other conventional immunosuppressive drugs. The role of rituximab for resistant or refractory cases has been explored in isolated case reports and small series....
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102490
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raynaud's phenomenon is an episodic vasospasm of the peripheral arteries, causing pallor followed by cyanosis and redness with pain and sometimes paraesthesia, and, rarely, ulceration of the fingers and toes. Primary or idiopathic Raynaud's phenomenon (Raynaud's disease) occurs without an underlying disease. Secondary...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2008.07.002
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammatory arthritides are chronic diseases characterised by an increase in cardiovascular risk, largely attributable to the synergy between high-grade systemic inflammation and an elevated prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Amongst the latter, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) play a ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.030
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders share a common pathologic pathway with aggregation and deposition of misfolded proteins causing a disruption of particular neuronal networks. Several mechanisms have been implicated in the down-stream events following deposition of misfolde...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2008.04.010
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC) is an immunological disorder characterized by immune-complex-mediated systemic vasculitis involving small vessels, which may present with renal, cutaneous, rheumatologic, and/or neurological manifestations. Until recently, the possible appearance of anti-neuronal autoantibodies in periphera...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2008.07.027
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial dysfunction and microvascular damage constitute the hallmarks of systemic sclerosis (SSc), explaining much of the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of the disease. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is an established method for the assessment of the microvasculature, aiding in distinguishing diff...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2017.05.019
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the loss of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. The pathogenesis of T1D is complex and multifactorial and involves a genetic susceptibility that predisposes to abnormal immune responses in the presence of ill-defined environmental insults to the ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2015.11.008
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blau syndrome (BS) is a rare familial disease transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait, characterized by arthritis, uveitis, skin rash and granulomatous inflammation. Until now BS has been observed in 136 persons belonging to 28 families as well as in 4 sporadic cases. The gene responsible for BS has recently been i...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2008.07.034
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Long-term anticoagulation is recommended in antiphospholipid syndrome with thrombosis in order to prevent recurrences. While the current mainstay relies on vitamin K antagonists, their long-term maintenance may remain challenging. OBJECTIVES:To report on the safety and the efficacy of oral direct inhibitors...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2015.03.007
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compared to lower metazoans, vertebrates built up an exclusively new set of adhesion-related genes involved in the tissue development and in their functions. They include a large variety of extracellular matrix proteins and their heterodimeric integrin adhesive receptors. Integrins control the adhesive state of the ce...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2007.03.007
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) (Asherson's Syndrome), is a life-threatening condition characterized by a rapidly progressive thromboses resulting in a multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS), evidence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. CAPS d...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2006.06.011
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and juvenile SLE (jSLE) are autoimmune disorders naturally associated with several genetic, environmental, hormonal, and immunological contributing factors. It has been assumed that vitamin D deficiency may have a role in the immune activation of patients with SLE and play an active ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2018.01.004
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the characterization of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells in mice, significant progress has been made in the definitions of the phenotype and the function of human Treg cells in health and in pathological conditions. Recent advances in the field leading to a better molecular definition of Treg subsets in h...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2011.05.004
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::T cells play a central role in the immunopathogenesis of AIH. Until recently CD4+ T cells were thought to be critical for disease development, increasing evidence has shown that CD8+ T and gammadelta T cells also play a significant role. The predisposition of certain HLA genotypes to AIH as well as the clonal expansio...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2005.01.005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoantibodies are a hallmark in the diagnosis of many systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARD) including idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Based on their specificity, autoantibodies in IIM are grouped into myositis specific (MSA) and myositis associated autoantibodies (MAA). Among the MSA, autoantibodies...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.022
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperhomocysteinemia is independently associated with the development of coronary, cerebral and peripheral vascular disease and deep-vein thrombosis in the general population. The evidence that cardiovascular involvement is particularly frequent and advanced in patients affected with several autoimmune diseases (AD), ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2007.03.008
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Since characterization of the extent to which particular combinations of autoimmune diseases (ADs) occur in excess of that expected by chance may offer new insights into possible common pathophysiological mechanisms, polyautoimmunity (i.e., ADs co-occurring within patients) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SL...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2009.10.001
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Although in most patients induction therapy leads to complete or partial remission, relapses in patients with non-infectious mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis (CryoVas) remain a major problem. We aimed to identify predictors of early relapses occurring within the first 12months of treatment in such patients. ...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2013.11.006
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a thriving interest in the field of hereditary autoinflammatory disorders (HAID), a gamut of heterogeneous conditions deriving from an aberrant orchestration of innate immunity, unified by the common feature of seemingly unprovoked inflammation, which might be systemic or occur in localized niches of the orga...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.08.001
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2-GPI) is a major antigen for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) present in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) is subsequently targeted by beta2-GPI and anti-beta2-GPI autoantibodies. Ligands specific for beta2-GPI derived from oxLDL have be...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1568-9972(02)00084-8
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) result from a dysregulation of the immune system leading to an immune attack on the thyroid. AITD are T cell-mediated organ-specific autoimmune disorders. The prevalence of AITD is estimated to be 5%; however, the prevalence of antithyroid antibodies may be even higher. The AITD comp...
journal_title:Autoimmunity reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.10.016
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00