Abstract:
BACKGROUND:A non-articulated plantarflexion resist ankle foot orthosis (AFO), commonly known as a posterior leaf spring AFO, is indicated for patients with motor impairment to the dorsiflexors. The AFO is often custom molded to a patient's lower limb anatomy and fabricated from polypropylene. There are no established guidelines for fabricating this type of AFO with predetermined stiffness of the ankle region for normal walking speeds. Therefore an AFO may not meet the biomechanical needs of the patient. OBJECTIVES:Quantify the biomechanical ankle stiffness requirement for an individual with complete dorsiflexor impairment and develop a method for fabricating an AFO with ankle stiffness to meet that requirement. STUDY DESIGN:Experimental, bench research. METHODS:The literature on sagittal biomechanics of non-pathological adults was reviewed to derive the stiffness of the ankle during loading response. Computer models of 144 AFOs were created with geometric variations to account for differences in human anthropometrics. Computer-based finite element analysis was employed to determine the stiffness and safety factor of the models. RESULTS:Stiffness of the AFOs ranged from 0.04 to 1.8 Nm/deg. This ample range is expected to account for the stiffness required for most adults with complete dorsiflexor impairment. At 5° deflection the factor of safety (ratio of strength to stress) ranged from 2.8 to 9.1. A computer program was generated that computes AFO stiffness from user-input variables of AFO geometry. The stiffness is compared to a theoretically appropriate stiffness based on the patient mass. The geometric variables can be modified until there is a close match, resulting in AFO design specification that is appropriate for the patient. CONCLUSION:Through validation on human subjects, this method may benefit patient outcomes in clinical practice by avoiding the current uncertainty surrounding AFO performance and reducing the labor and time involved in rectifying a custom AFO post-fabrication. CLINICAL RELEVANCE:This method provides an avenue for improving patient outcomes by avoiding the current uncertainty surrounding non-articulated plantarflexion resist ankle foot orthosis performance. The ability to quantify the biomechanical ankle stiffness requirement for an individual with complete dorsiflexor impairment provides insight into how other AFO types should be designed as well.
journal_name
Prosthet Orthot Intjournal_title
Prosthetics and orthotics internationalauthors
Ramsey JAdoi
10.1177/0309364610394477subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-03-01 00:00:00pages
54-69issue
1eissn
0309-3646issn
1746-1553pii
35/1/54journal_volume
35pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The functional performance of currently available body-powered prostheses is unknown. OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to objectively assess and compare the functional performance of three commonly used body-powered upper limb terminal devices. STUDY DESIGN:Experimental trial. METHODS:A total of 21 ab...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364614554030
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 4 week physiotherapy programme on patients who were given a spinal orthosis for neuromuscular scoliosis. This study was planned as a single group pre- and post-intervention repeated measures design. All patients were given a polyethylene spinal orthosis wit...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093640409167759
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contact dermatitis is a frequent inflammatory skin disease. A suspected diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms, a plausible contact to allergens and a suitable history of dermatitis. Therefore, careful diagnosis by patch testing is of great importance because the patch testing is important to find out which...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364614534293
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new type of above-knee socket has been designed to provide total surface support and to dispense with ischial bearing as the primary weight bearing area. The socket is based upon the hypothesis that if the soft tissues of an above-knee stump are adequately supported in a suitably shaped container they will behave un...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093647909103096
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myoelectric prostheses are generally not provided in the United Kingdom for children before the age of 3 1/2 years. Following the introduction of a smaller sized electric hand in the United Kingdom in 1993 the authors decided to introduce electrically powered hands for a group of congenital upper limb deficient childr...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649809164477
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wheelchair prescription is complex with thousands of choices and options. Theoretically, a higher quality or innovative wheelchair that is appropriately matched to the user and their unique needs will increase participation. It is well accepted that there is an alarmingly high incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome, and ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640903082126
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This case report describes a newly developed socket design for a world class knee disarticulation athlete. To meet the demands concerning especially the suspension of the prosthesis a new type of socket was developed. The socket is made from carbon fibres and polyaramid fibres and is designed with a slit in the socket...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640208726624
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have explored the effects of exercise on gait performance in people with lower limb amputations. OBJECTIVES:To (1) summarize the effects of exercise programs on gait performance and (2) assess the overall quality of the evidence for adults ambulating with leg prostheses. STUDY DESIGN:Systematic...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0309364614546926
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reports a study of 66 upper limb amputees in County Funen, Denmark who were visited in their homes by the author. The purpose of this study was to evaluate for the same period of time the social and economic outcome for a population of upper limb amputees compared with the normal population. The number of a...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649209164304
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fluctuations in limb volume degrade prosthesis fit and require users to accommodate changes using management strategies, such as donning and doffing prosthetic socks. OBJECTIVES:To examine how activities and self-report outcomes relate to daily changes in residual limb fluid volume and volume accommodation....
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364617752983
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Individuals with transtibial amputation are at increase risk of falling. The absence of an ankle joint and the associated musculature in these individuals can reduce clearance between the prosthetic foot and ground during the swing phase of gait, which may increase the risk of stumbling and in turn falling. ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364616650085
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study the psychophysical detection threshold levels mechanical stimulation of 32 prosthetic limbs were determined. Prosthetic limbs were anchored to the bone by means of an implant (n=17) or supported by a socket enclosing the amputation stump (n=15). Detection threshold levels were assessed for pressur...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640008726536
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty three patients with unilateral traumatic amputations were reviewed as to the use of prostheses and employment consequences of the amputation. Seventeen of 19 below-elbow amputees, and 12 of 24 above-elbow amputees used their prostheses. Non-users compared to users of prostheses were characterized by: 1) Higher l...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648809079390
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was performed to investigate the efficacy of prosthetic rehabilitation in children with congenital malformations, also to determine whether there were any factors related to family history and pregnancy which could have affected the formation of such deficiencies. Twenty-five (25) limb deficient children we...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649909071624
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this case study was to identify the effect of a powered hip orthosis on the kinematics and temporal-spatial parameters of walking by a patient with spinal cord injury (SCI). CASE DESCRIPTION AND METHODS:Two orthoses were evaluated while worn by an incomplete SCI subject with a T-8level of injury....
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364611431482
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mobility clinics are designed to extend gait and mobility training beyond rehabilitation programmes. No research has been undertaken into participants' experiences of attending these multidisciplinary, experience-based clinics. Research in this area is needed to ensure clinics meet intended goals, including ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364619882126
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to develop guidelines for the prescription of ankle-foot, knee, wrist-hand and elbow orthoses for patients with neurological disorders. The study is part of a more comprehensive study focusing on the development of clinical guidelines for the prescription of these orthoses in a wider pa...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640500533232
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silicone rubbers and casting tapes individually have previously been used in the manufacture of sockets (Swanson, 1972; Sweitzer, 1973; Ruder, 1977; Graves, 1980; Aqualite, 1982). The authors believe that the present combination of these materials to manufacture a directly moulded socket with a complete silicone rubbe...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648509164717
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The benefits of using a vacuum-assisted socket system to improve balance and gait in elderly transtibial amputees by C Beatriz Samitier, Lluis Guirao, Maria Costea, Josep M Camós, and Eulogio Pleguezuelos. Prosthetics and Orthotics International 2016; 40: 83-88, DOI: 10.1177/0309364614546927. ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1177/0309364616648557
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An analysis of 200 patients with congenital limb deficiency who attended the Artificial Limb Centre, Pune from January 1984 to April 1990 is presented. This group is representative of the congenital limb deficient population of the country. The commonest deficiencies were transverse phalangeal total/partial deficiency...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649409164402
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the validity of post-amputation application of removable rigid dressings (RRDs) for trans-tibial amputees, regarding preparation for prosthetic management and key rehabilitation timelines. It was hypothesised that the use of RRDs would result in faster preparation of the residual limb for prost...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640802016795
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes functional outcome of a population of lower limb amputees five months after amputation compared with their preoperative functional abilities and studies the relationship between potential determinants and functional outcome. Twenty out of 26 patients who underwent a lower limb amputation between D...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649609164423
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Modern sockets for lower limb amputees utilize total contact and distribute some weight on the stump end. Its tolerance to bear weight varies but is better after joint disarticulation, however, systematic measures have been missing. Different levels, indications, shapes etc. were analysed with 102 measurements in 69 p...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648209166575
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nowadays, a transfemoral amputation prosthesis can be fitted to the skeleton using an osseointegrated implant, that is, without a socket. Treated patients have reported improvements in quality of life. OBJECTIVES:To investigate differences in prosthetic costs and service of osseointegrated prostheses compar...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364612454160
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pushchairs for adults are used by two distinct groups: the high dependency users who cannot walk or use a self-propelling chair and the occasional users who may be able to walk indoors but are unable to walk significant distances outdoors. In the past, both disparate groups were provided with similar wheelchairs descr...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093649109164274
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of introducing the Team Approach to the management of the lower limb amputee has been assessed in a consecutive series of 233 patients over a five year period. During the first year, baseline data was collected and during the subsequent yearly phases the effects of introducing a physiotherapist co-ordinato...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648709079376
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to perform a Rasch analysis on the 5-level ordinal scale version of the Locomotor Capabilities Index (LCI-5), in order to investigate rating scale quality and conduct reliability and validity assessments. A questionnaire was mailed to 144 subjects who had undergone lower limb amputation (LLA)...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/03093640701253952
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High-quality clinical practice guidelines are necessary for effective use of resources both at an individual patient- and national-level. Nordic clinical practice guidelines recommendations for orthotic treatment of knee osteoarthritis vary and little is known about their quality. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the ...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0309364619857854
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dysvascularity is the main cause of lower limb amputations in Scotland, and there is an insignificant proportion (1.7%) of knee disarticulations, despite the benefits of amputation. OBJECTIVES:The outcomes of knee disarticulation and its associated surgical techniques will be evaluated based on healing, rea...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0309364615574163
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper discusses the place of rotational moulding in the provision of prosthetic shanks and shank sections. It covers the selection of thermoplastic material, the moulding conditions and their automation in a machine process, and the development of a suitable range of moulds. Also covered is the question of interf...
journal_title:Prosthetics and orthotics international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/03093648509164822
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00