Abstract:
PURPOSE:To compare the distributional parameters for a series of ocular biometric traits between twins and their singleton siblings, to evaluate the generalizability of twin data, as used in heritability analyses to the general population. METHODS:A series of birth, anthropometric, and 13 ocular biometric traits were selected for analysis: interpupillary distance (IPD), visual acuity (logMAR), spherical equivalent refractive error, corneal curvature, axial length, anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), optic disc, cup and rim areas, and measures of retinal vessel caliber; central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), and central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE). Structural equation modeling was used to test the assumption that the means and variances for each trait did not differ between twins and their siblings. RESULTS:Significant differences in log-likelihood for birth weight and gestational age were observed between twins and siblings, with the latter being both heavier and closer to full-term at birth. Siblings were also found to have larger IPD and axial length, and better visual acuity compared with their twin counterparts. Refractive error, corneal curvature, ACD, CCT, optic disc parameters, and retinal vascular calibers did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS:Twins are representative of the general population for some but not all measures of ocular biometry. Consequently, care should be taken when extrapolating twin data for these traits in heritability and other genetic studies. Birth weight differences between twins and siblings do not appear to account for the differences in ocular biometry observed in this study.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Sanfilippo PG,Medland SE,Hewitt AW,Kearns LS,Ruddle JB,Sun C,Hammond CJ,Young TL,Martin NG,Mackey DAdoi
10.1167/iovs.11-7258subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-07-29 00:00:00pages
5565-72issue
8eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.11-7258journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:Regulatory CD4+ T cells (T regs) arise in the spleens of mice with anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID), an eye-derived tolerance evoked by injection of antigen into the ocular anterior chamber (AC). The current study was conducted to investigate the possibility that these T regs express CD25 an...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0110
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:TGF-betas regulate cell proliferation and differentiation, and they play important roles in maintenance of corneal epithelium. However, the precise function of TGF-betas in the corneal epithelium remains unclear. In this study, cDNA expression array technology was used to demonstrate the effect of TGF-beta1 on ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility that all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) in the eye is a signal related to changes in scleral extracellular matrix in a primate model of postnatal eye growth. METHODS:Juvenile marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were divided into two experimental groups based on the...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0298
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation alters OPA1 expression and triggers OPA1 release, as well as whether the uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor antagonist memantine blocks OPA1 release and subsequent apoptotic cell death in glaucomatous DBA/2J mouse retina. METHO...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2499
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:IFT81, a core component of the IFT-B complex, involved in the bidirectional transport of ciliary proteins, has been recently implicated in syndromic ciliopathies. However, none of the IFT-B core complex proteins have been associated with nonsyndromic retinal dystrophies. Given the importance of ciliary transpor...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19133
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:α-Crystallins are small heat shock proteins that regulate cellular damage and cell survival. Expression of the proteins of the crystallin superfamily in the retina and their role in neuronal cell survival were investigated in two animal models of diabetes and retinal neurons in culture. METHODS:Crystallin expr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6931
更新日期:2011-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A recent study identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL-1 gene cluster at chromosomal locus 2q13 that were associated with reduced risk for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in whites. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between IL-1 SNPs and glaucoma in Chinese ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.06-1213
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe a method for quantitative mapping of metamorphopsia and abnormalities of oculocentric direction in subjects with epiretinal membranes. METHODS:Binocular correspondence perimetry was performed using red and green dichoptic stimuli applied in a rectangular grid pattern. The study included 9 healthy s...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0952
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the relative roles of the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) in pupillary hippus. Methods:We used a paired-eye control study design with three cohorts receiving either 1.0% tropicamide (PNS antagonist) in light (TL), 1.0% tropicamide in dark (T...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20785
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The pattern electroretinogram (PERG) is reduced in early glaucoma and in some eyes with ocular hypertension (OHT). This study was designed to test the ability of the PERG to predict the development of visual field loss in OHT eyes. METHODS:In 29 eyes of 18 patients with high-risk OHT, the visual fields were te...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:We investigated the cross-sectional associations between macular pigment optical density (MPOD), plasma lutein (L), and zeaxanthin (Z) concentrations and cognitive function in 184 older adults of the 3-City-Bordeaux cohort. Methods:MPOD was measured using the two-wavelength autofluorescence method with a modif...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22656
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To identify pathogenic mutations in the guanylate cyclase-activating protein 1 (GCAP1) and GCAP2 genes and to characterize the biochemical effect of mutation on guanylate cyclase (GC) stimulation. METHODS:The GCAP1 and GCAP2 genes were screened by direct sequencing for mutations in 216 patients and 421 patient...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0590
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence for a population of acetylcholine (ACh) receptors in the human retina is presented. The authors have used the irreversible ligand 3H-propylbenzilylcholine mustard (3H-PrBCM) to label muscarinic receptors. 3H- or 125I-alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BTx) was used to label putative nicotinic receptors. Muscarinic rec...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the long-term effects of transient ligature of the ophthalmic vessels (LOV) on the inner and outer retina as well as on retinotectal projection, and whether brimonidine (BMD) has protective effects. METHODS:In adult rats, the left eye was subjected to 90 minutes of LOV. One hour before ischemia,...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0392
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study focuses on the identification of regulatory elements that contribute to lens-specific expression of the human CP49 gene within the 5'-flanking DNA sequences. METHODS:The DNA sequence upstream of the human CP49 coding region was subcloned as a set of 5' and 3' deletion series. The constructs were tra...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0162
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Ocular rigidity (OR) is an important biomechanical property, thought to be relevant in the pathophysiology of open-angle glaucoma (OAG). This study aims to evaluate the relationship between OR and neuroretinal damage caused by glaucoma. Methods:One hundred eight subjects (22 with healthy eyes, 23 with suspect ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.61.13.11
更新日期:2020-11-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We characterized fluorescent bone marrow cells (YFP(+) BMCs) in the thy1-YFP mouse and determine if they promote trigeminal ganglion (TG) cell neurite growth. METHODS:Excimer laser annular keratectomy was performed in thy1-YFP mice, and corneas were imaged. BMCs were harvested from femur and tibia, and the exp...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12237
更新日期:2013-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated alterations of the metabolic state in vitamin A-deficient (A-) corneas using phosphorus-31 (31P) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Comparing to the control, A- corneas showed a prominent rise of phosphocreatine (PCr) as well as a total loss of glycerophosphorylcholine (GPC). Further, ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe the evolution of retinal thickness in eyes affected with acute anterior uveitis (AAU) in the course of follow-up and to assess its correlation with severity of inflammatory activity in the anterior chamber. METHODS:72 eyes (affected and fellow eyes) of 36 patients presenting with HLA-B27-related ac...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10026
更新日期:2012-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Growing evidence suggests the involvement of the macula even in early stages of glaucoma. However, little is known about the impact of glaucomatous macular damage on central pattern vision. Here we examine the contrast requirement for letter recognition and its relationship with retinal thickness in the macular...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22621
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To demonstrate the conjunctival alterations in patients with Sjögren's (SSDE) and non-Sjögren's syndrome dry eye (NSSDE) using a new generation confocal microscope (HRTII/ RCM; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), in a prospective controlled study. METHODS:Twenty-eight right eyes of 28 patients with S...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2722
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenic mice of the MRL/Mp strain spontaneously develop an autoimmune connective tissue disease that shares immunologic and histopathologic features with the human disorders systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic vasculitis. The autoimmune disorder in these mice is markedly accelerated by th...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate expression of methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) in epiretinal membranes from patients with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and to investigate effects of inhibition of MeCP2 and DNA methylation on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced retinal pigment epithe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-16258
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Lectin studies have shown that in the rabbit corneal epithelium, alpha-2,3 sialylation of O-linked glycans differentiates limbal and corneal epithelial cell phenotypes. Because sialic acid can be regulated at the level of the expression of sialyltransferases (STs), the purpose of the present study was to analyz...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether complement-derived SC5b-9, the soluble nonlytic-fluid phase of the membrane attack complex, can be generated in normal human corneas when they are injured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), ribitol teichoic acid (RTA) immune complexes, acid, or alkali. METHODS:The experimental cornea of each d...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare a multisampling suprathreshold strategy with conventional suprathreshold and full-threshold strategies in detecting localized visual field defects and in quantifying the area of loss. METHODS:Probability theory was applied to examine various suprathreshold pass criteria (i.e., the number of stimuli ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.02-1036
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To investigate the optimal procedures for multichannel visually evoked potentials (VEPs) to detect misrouting in albinism subjects. Methods:Investigations were done in a phenotypically heterogeneous group of 180 albinism subjects and 187 controls with and without ocular pathology. We retrospectively compared s...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.19-27364
更新日期:2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To design a glucocorticoid-inducible virus vector overexpressing recombinant matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) and counteract extracellular matrix deposition in the trabecular meshwork only when steroid is present. METHODS:Endogenous MMP1 expression was measured in primary human trabecular meshwork cells (HTM)...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4918
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Compensatory eye movements (CEM) maintain a stable image on the retina by minimizing retinal slip. The optokinetic reflex (OKR) and vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) compensate for low and high velocity stimuli, respectively. The OKR system is known to be highly nonlinear. The VOR is generally modeled as a linear s...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18605
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:The purpose of this study was to clinically characterize patients with CNGA3-linked achromatopsia (CNGA3-ACHM) in preparation of a gene therapy trial. Methods:Thirty-six patients (age 7-56 years) with complete (cACHM) or incomplete (iACHM) CNGA3-ACHM were examined, including detailed psychophysical tests, exte...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20427
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00