Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To examine lifetime and current prevalence rates of substance use disorders and the demographic and clinical correlates of current drug dependence in a sample of homeless women. METHODS:A cross-sectional study of 196 homeless women in three Canadian cities was done. Each subject was assessed using structured clinical interviews. A multivariate regression model was applied to determine predictors of substance use. RESULTS:The mean age of the sample was 35.3 years, 54.4% identified as Aboriginal, 46.4% lived on the street Crack cocaine (58%) was the most common substance used, followed by alcohol (53%), cannabis (41%), and heroin (30%). Overall, 82.4% of the sample had at least one type of current substance use disorder, of which 70.5% had drug dependence and 37.8% had alcohol dependence. 58.3% had concurrent substance use and mental health disorders. 76.7% of those individuals with current alcohol dependence had concurrent drug dependence. Only 24.6% of those who had recovered from alcohol dependence had no current substance use disorder. Multivariate analyses showed that younger age, living on the street, engaging in sex work, and having ever attempted suicide were associated with current drug dependence. CONCLUSION:Prevalence rates for alcohol and especially drug dependence were exceptionally high in this sample. Innovative programs need to be developed which are accessible and tailored to meet the needs of this specific population, accounting for high problem severity, polysubstance dependence, and high rates of psychiatric comorbidity.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Torchalla I,Strehlau V,Li K,Krausz Mdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.016subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-01 00:00:00pages
173-9issue
2-3eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(11)00142-6journal_volume
118pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:"Dabbing" involves heating extremely concentrated forms of marijuana to high temperatures and inhaling the resulting vapor. We studied themes describing the consequences of using highly concentrated marijuana by examining the dabbing-related content on Twitter. METHODS:Tweets containing dabbing-related ke...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.06.034
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Physical pain is considered a potential predictor of relapse in alcohol-dependent individuals after treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether reductions in pain level during the follow-up period after treatment were associated with lower relapse risk. METHOD:A sample of 366 participants was re...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.020
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of substance abuse to the expression of suicidal ideation in a sample of patients referred for evaluation of chemical dependency in a large urban Psychiatric Emergency Service (PES). Records from 777 consecutive patients referred to the chemical dependency servi...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00337-x
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The multi-site Prescription Opioid Addiction Treatment Study (POATS), conducted by the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network, was the largest clinical trial yet conducted with patients dependent upon prescription opioids (N=653). In addition to main trial results, the study yielded numerous s...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.001
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Carisoprodol is a muscle relaxant that acts at the GABA(A) receptor. Concerns about the abuse liability of carisoprodol are increasing, but evidence that carisoprodol produces tolerance and a significant withdrawal syndrome has yet to be established. The purpose of the current study was to determine if repeated ad...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.010
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As of March 2019, JUUL electronic cigarettes are the most popular e-cigarette on the U.S. market, but little is known of nicotine exposure and dependence on JUUL and user experience. METHODS:JUUL users participated in a community-based study involving questionnaires, saliva collection and a qualitative inte...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.05.019
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent findings suggest that overreliance on habit may be common in individuals diagnosed with addiction. To advance our understanding of habit in clinical samples and from behavioral measures, this study examines the interrelations between self-reported habit index for smoking and drinking as well as behavi...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107738
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pattern of gangliosides in membranes of erythrocytes was examined in healthy and in alcoholic subjects on the second and on the 28th day of detoxification therapy. The GM3 and GD3 fraction were decreased significantly in alcoholics on the 2nd day. After 4 weeks of abstinence all changes had returned to the level o...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(90)90087-u
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Buprenorphine's clinical utility as an opioid dependence pharmacotherapy may be enhanced with less-than-daily dosing. This study assessed opioid withdrawal after an acute 72 h dose omission in buprenorphine-maintained patients (8 mg/day s.l.). Eight outpatients required to remain free of opioids, cocaine and benzodiaz...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(97)01347-1
更新日期:1997-04-14 00:00:00
abstract::Bath salts are designer drugs with stimulant properties that are a growing medical and psychiatric concern due to their widespread availability and use. Although the chemical compounds in the mixtures referred to as "bath salts" vary, many are derivatives of cathinone, a monoamine alkaloid. Cathinones have an affinity...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.06.016
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contingency management (CM) is efficacious for reducing drug use, but it has rarely been applied to patients with severe and persistent mental health problems. This study evaluated the efficacy of CM for reducing cocaine use in psychiatric patients treated at a community mental health center. METHODS:Ninete...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.10.017
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A number of studies have researched the association between monoamine oxidase gene (MAO) polymorphisms and smoking behavior, but the conclusion is quite inconsistent. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association of MAO-A C1460T, MAO-A VNTR and MAO-B G644A polymorphisms with smoking behavior. METH...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.024
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug abuse outcomes were examined during 2 contingency management procedures in which the size of the methadone dose was determined by recent urinalysis test results. Twenty polydrug-abusing methadone-maintenance patients were exposed to one of two specific altered dose consequences: a positive incentive procedure in ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(86)90097-9
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the relationship between cocaine abstinence symptoms, personality, and aggression, we used the Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP) to measure aggression in 18 subjects admitted for the treatment of cocaine dependence. Eight subjects met criteria for antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). There was a...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(96)01335-x
更新日期:1997-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Research suggests that attention deficit disorder (ADD) may persist into adulthood, perhaps predisposing certain individuals to stimulant abuse. The authors describe two adults with chronic cocaine abuse and apparent residual ADD. After failing to respond to conventional treatment modalities, these patients were admin...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(85)90031-6
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary prevention in drug abuse has been, most of the time, reduced to its informational aspect. This paper points out some of the errors made in this field, both by contributing to the 'inflation' of the drug problem and by using scare tactics as preventive arguments. It invites consideration of drug addiction not a...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(83)90099-6
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Drug-impaired driving has received increased attention resulting from development of rapid drug-screening procedures used by police and state laws establishing per se limits for drug levels in drivers. Venues that host electronic music dance events (EMDEs) provide a unique opportunity to assess drug-impaired...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.03.012
更新日期:2006-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Efforts aimed at reducing alcohol-related harm include early detection of risky drinkers as well as detection of early relapse in patients with alcohol dependence. Ethyl glucuronide (EtG) has been proven to be a reliable biomarker for the detection of recent drinking; however, no randomized, diagnostic trial...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.015
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Providing needles to people who inject drugs is a well-proven public health response to the transmission of HIV and other blood borne viruses. Despite over a quarter of a century of research, new concerns about potential unintended negative consequences of needle distribution continue to emerge. Specifically...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.022
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies found enlarged striatum and white matter in those with stimulants use disorders. Whether primarily ketamine users (Primarily-K) and ketamine users who co-used stimulants and other substances (K+PolyS) have abnormal brain volumes is unknown. This study aims to evaluate possible brain structur...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108063
更新日期:2020-05-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In parallel to a substantial increase in opioid overdose deaths in New Hampshire (NH), emergency personnel experienced an increase in opioid-related encounters. To inform public health responses to this crisis, insights into the experiences and perspectives of those emergency personnel who treat opioid-relat...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107555
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research has shown involvement of hormones of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis in the regulation of behaviors that contribute to SUD risk and its intergenerational transmission. Neighborhood environment has also been shown to relate to hormones of th...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.008
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence on remission rates for substance use disorders (SUDs), providing weighted mean estimates of SUD remission rates. The review also explores study-level characteristics that may explain variations in remission rates across studies. ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.625
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper we estimate the risk of becoming cannabis dependent within 24 months after first use of cannabis and examine subgroup variation in this risk. The study estimates are based on the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse conducted during 2000-2001, with a representative sample of U.S. residents ages 12 and...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.11.014
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Incarceration is common among people who inject drugs. Prior research has shown that incarceration is a marker of elevated risk for opioid overdose, suggesting that the criminal justice system may be an important, under-utilized venue for implementing overdose prevention strategies. To better understand the ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.023
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Flavored e-cigarette use has risen rapidly, especially among young adults who also smoke cigarettes. We sought to determine whether flavoring enhances the subjective rewarding value, relative reinforcing value, and absolute reinforcing value of an e-cigarette with nicotine compared to an unflavored e-cigarett...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.06.030
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study examined whether young adult marijuana use increases risk of subsequent large cigar (LC) and little cigar/cigarillo (LCC) use among naïve users. METHODS:Data were from 8 waves of the Truth Initiative Young Adult Cohort, a national sample of US young adults aged 18-34 assessed every 6 months. Disc...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.01.020
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine HIV prevalence and potential associations with sociodemographic and behavioral factors among injection drug users (IDUs) in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. METHODS:Subjects in this cross-sectional study provided sociodemographic and risk behavior data and were tested for HIV antibody with a saliva-based ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(06)80003-7
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many studies have revealed a widespread pattern of gray matter (GM) atrophy by using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies involving the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence. However, the spatial localization of GM abnormalities reported in previous studies is heterogeneous. Here, we aimed to investigate th...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.05.030
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The problematic use of prescription drugs (PDs) and related disorders are considerably prevalent but evidence concerning brief intervention for problematic PD users is sparse. A previous analysis of the present study on the effectiveness of brief intervention for problematic PD use in a general hospital reve...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.07.010
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00