Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Providing needles to people who inject drugs is a well-proven public health response to the transmission of HIV and other blood borne viruses. Despite over a quarter of a century of research, new concerns about potential unintended negative consequences of needle distribution continue to emerge. Specifically, a claim was recently made that the introduction of pharmacy sales of needles was followed by an increase in overdoses in pharmacy parking lots. If true, this would have serious implications for the design of needle access programs, particularly those involving pharmacy sales of needles. METHODS:We examine spatial relationships between drug-related deaths and pharmacies in Los Angeles County (population 9.8 million) before and after the 2007 enactment of a California law allowing pharmacy sales of needles without a prescription. Seven thousand and forty-nine drugs related deaths occurred in Los Angeles county from 2000 to 2009 inclusive. Four thousand two hundred and seventy-five of these deaths could be geocoded, and were found to be clustered at the census tract level. RESULTS:We used three methods to examine spatial relationships between overdose death locations and pharmacy locations for two years on either side of the enactment of the pharmacy sales law, and found no statistically significant changes. Among the 711 geocodable deaths occurring in the two years following the change in law, no death was found to occur within 50m of a pharmacy which sold needles. CONCLUSION:These results are consistent with prior studies which suggest pharmacy sales of needles improve access to needles without causing increased harms to the surrounding community.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Davidson PJ,Martinez A,Lutnick A,Kral AH,Bluthenthal RNdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.11.022subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
229-34eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(14)01935-8journal_volume
147pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Adherence to nicotine patches relates to cessation. This is the first study to examine the validity of self-reported nicotine patch adherence relative to saliva cotinine. METHODS:We used data from 198 clinical trial participants who received 11 weeks of nicotine patches, self-reported patch use, had saliva ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107967
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies suggest a possible causal role for smoking in schizophrenia and psychosis. Most studies have focused on cigarette smoking, the most common form of tobacco use, but other forms of tobacco exist, including smokeless products such as Swedish snuff (or "snus"). METHODS:We explored whether snus us...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.035
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) is a promising approach for Concerned Significant Others (CSOs) of alcohol-dependent individuals (ADI) that aims to engage treatment-refusing patients in alcohol treatment and to improve CSO functioning. To date, only two randomized controlled trials (R...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.04.015
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred thirty-nine male veterans receiving treatment for alcoholism were administered the Cornell Medical Index (CMI), neuropsychological tests comprising the Brain Age Quotient (BAQ) and the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT). Patients endorsing items on scale J (frequency of illness) of the CMI comprised a freq...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(83)90008-x
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the predictors of self-reported health status at follow-up in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcomes Study (DATOS), a longitudinal study of drug abuse treatment programs and patients in 1991-1993. Baseline and follow-up interviews of 2966 patients in 75 programs were performed. The follow-up assessment ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00323-x
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early pubertal timing has received considerable empirical support as a risk for adolescent substance use. However, few studies have examined the mediators linking these variables. Therefore, the aims of this study were (1) to examine peer substance use as a mediator between pubertal timing and adolescent sub...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.018
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main question addressed by this paper is whether DSM-IV substance dependence diagnoses obtained from two different instruments (the semi-structured WHO Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry, SCAN and the highly structured WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview--Substance Abuse Module, SAM)...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(96)01249-5
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of adolescent drug "experimenters" as defined by the frequency of use (N = 496) were compared to non-users (N = 2417) and to "regular" users (N = 125) on a number of variables. These covered the patterns of use, attitudes to drug use, exposure to drugs and to drug use, and other behavioural correlates. Experim...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(90)90127-z
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several phenylethylamines are under consideration for international control. The effects of repeated administration of these compounds, including tolerance, physical dependence and central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, are reviewed here. The compounds can be divided into two major chemical groups: those with substitu...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(86)90005-0
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anecdotal evidence suggests consumers of caffeine self-administer strategies to reduce consumption, but little is known of what these strategies are or how they are implemented. This study aimed to understand the lived experience of reducing caffeine consumption including specific techniques (what) and imple...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108024
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) have been available without a prescription in the United States since 1996. Given that nicotine, at least as it is delivered through tobacco products, is addictive, we examined whether NRT was being used by individuals who have never smoked cigarettes. Adults (n=18,986) and adolesc...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.05.001
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stressful life events (SLEs) play a key role in suicidal behavior among adults with alcohol use disorders (AUD), yet there are meager data on the severity of SLEs preceding suicidal behavior or the timing of such events. METHOD:Patients in residential substance use treatment who made a recent suicide attemp...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.013
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although much of the work on risky alcohol use behaviors, such as heavy drinking, focuses on adolescence and young adulthood, these behaviors are associated with negative health consequences across all ages. Existing studies on age trends have focused on a single alcohol use behavior across many ages, usin...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107689
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) is a screening instrument to detect substance use in primary care (PC). To screen for illicit substances (excluding tobacco and alcohol), the ASSIST consists of 8-57 questions and requires complicated scoring. To improve the efficiency of scree...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.03.029
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To examine how buprenorphine is currently being used across Italy, and to identify simultaneously best practice protocols to guide physicians in optimising the safety and efficacy of this treatment option. DESIGN:Retrospective, observational, multi-centre study. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 979 opioid-dependent patien...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.10.017
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Drug addiction researchers have begun to study dopamine partial agonists as potential therapeutic agents. The partial dopamine D(2) receptor agonist aripiprazole has recently been tested as a treatment for stimulant and alcohol dependence in both animal and clinical studies. METHODS:A randomized and placebo...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.10.024
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prominent addiction models posit that automatically activated approach/avoidance tendencies play a critical role in addiction. Nevertheless, only a limited number of studies have actually documented the relationship between relapse and automatically activated approach/avoidance tendencies. We compared automa...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.019
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The debate about cannabis policy in Australia has revolved around the harms that cannabis causes to users and the community, on the one hand, and the harms that are caused by the prohibition of its use, on the other. This paper assesses evidence on: (1) the harms caused to users and the community by cannabis use (deri...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00171-x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study sought to identify predictors of attempting to quit and of successfully quitting alcohol abuse or dependence in the general population. METHODS:Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). RESULTS:Approximately 10% of individuals with alcohol...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.05.019
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine patterns and correlates of attempted suicide amongst heroin users across 3 years, a cohort of 387 heroin users (134 entering maintenance treatment, 134 entering detoxification, 81 entering residential rehabilitation and 38 not entering treatment) were interviewed about suicide attempts at baselin...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.08.010
更新日期:2007-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical ablation of select brain areas has been frequently used to alleviate psychological dependence on opiate drugs in certain countries. However, ablative brain surgery was stopped in China in 2004 due to the related ethical controversy and possible side effects. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), a less inva...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.012
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reduced cardio-vascular health has been found in patients suffering from alcohol dependence. Low cardio-respiratory fitness is an independent predictor of cardio-vascular disease. METHODS:We investigated physical fitness in 22 alcohol-dependent patients 10 days after acute alcohol withdrawal and compared re...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.016
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diagnostic interviews for substance use disorders tend to have high reliability among adults. We examined the inter-rater reliability of the substance use disorders section of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM, using 46 male and 25 female adolescent drinkers recruited from community and treatment sources. ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00119-2
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zipeprol is a non-opioid cough suppressor agent recently abused in Italy. Clinical reports from 30 street abusers show that the drug in high doses has a definite abuse liability and dependence potential. Many of its effects were identical to those induced by opiates, although specific dysperceptive symptoms were commo...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(91)90030-3
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use are prevalent behaviors that pose considerable health risks. Genetic vulnerability and characteristics of the neighborhood of residence form important risk factors for substance use. Possibly, these factors do not act in isolation. This study tested the interaction between ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107948
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We adapted the 32-item Verona Service Satisfaction Scale (VSSS-32) to assess opioid-dependent patient satisfaction with services received from methadone treatment centres. The preliminary version of the VSSS for methadone treatment (VSSS-MT) was filled out anonymously and completed by 516 randomly recruited patients. ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00196-5
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral and autonomic neuropathy has been evaluated, both by clinical and neurophysiological and by clinical methods, respectively, in 33 alcoholics, 20 of them cirrhotics. Nerve dysfunction was compared with liver function parameters, the Child-Pugh score, and parameters derived from ethanol consumption. Few relat...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-8716(91)90004-i
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aims of the present study were to determine the direct effect of DRD2 and DRD4, as well as their interaction with parenting (i.e. rejection, overprotection and emotional warmth), on the development of regular alcohol and cannabis use in 1192 Dutch adolescents from the general population. METHODS:Information w...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.10.008
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In previous work we (Fisher et al., 2011) examined the emergence of neurobehavioral disinhibition (ND) in adolescents with prenatal substance exposure. We computed ND factor scores at three age points (8/9, 11 and 13/14 years) and found that both prenatal substance exposure and early adversity predicted ND. ...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.04.014
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methamphetamine use, with and without opioids, has increased substantially, but little is known about the sociodemographic characteristics, substance use patterns, or health profiles of individuals who use methamphetamine. To design effective public health interventions, health care professionals and policym...
journal_title:Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108162
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00