Abstract:
PURPOSE:Estimates of the incidences of severe visual impairment and blindness (SVI/B) and their causes are key to good health service planning. Thus, the database of Germany's largest state's blind registry was used to estimate current incidence rates (IR) and to project rates for Germany in 2010 and 2030. METHODS:The sample consisted of 3328 blind/severely visually impaired individuals newly registered between 2000 and 2008. According to German law, SVI and B were defined as visual acuity equal to or below 20/1000 and 20/400, respectively, in the better seeing eye. Data of the reference population were stratified by age and sex and were used to estimate current IRs. Standardized IRs were estimated for Germany for 2010 and 2030 using national demographic projections. RESULTS:Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) accounted for 50% of all incidence of SVI/B (5.56/100,000 personyears (PY), followed by glaucoma (15%; 1.65/100,000 PY) and diabetic eye disease (10%; 1.16/100,000 PY). All current IRs will rise by 2030, with the most pronounced increase in AMD. By 2030, a national AMD IR of 9.5/100,000 PY is expected, accounting for 57% of all incidence of SVI/B in Germany. The incidence of SVI/B in women will be more than twofold compared to men in 2030 (9187 vs. 3716 incident cases in 2030). CONCLUSIONS:There will be a dramatic increase of SVI/B by 2030 in Germany, leading to a substantial increase in the need for health and social service provision, with a focus on visually impaired elderly women.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Finger RP,Fimmers R,Holz FG,Scholl HPdoi
10.1167/iovs.10-6987subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-21 00:00:00pages
4381-9issue
7eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.10-6987journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract:PURPOSE:Human blood contains low levels of protoporphyrin IX (PP IX), a photoactive compound that produces reactive oxygen species when exposed to light. It has been proposed that photoactivation of PP IX and subsequent generation of potentially tissue-damaging reactive oxygen may be a mechanism of retinal injury in re...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Growing evidence suggests the involvement of the macula even in early stages of glaucoma. However, little is known about the impact of glaucomatous macular damage on central pattern vision. Here we examine the contrast requirement for letter recognition and its relationship with retinal thickness in the macular...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22621
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The phenotype of specialized cells arises, in part, from their characteristic gene expression patterns. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are of wide interest in neuroscience and die in glaucoma and other optic neuropathies. In this study the genes expressed by RGCs were profiled by expressed sequence tag (EST) ana...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.03-1391
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To compare the phenotype of blue cone monochromacy (BCM) caused by large deletion mutations with those having the C203R missense mutation. Methods:BCM patients with large deletion mutations (n = 21; age range, 5-60 years), and with the C203R missense mutation (n = 13; age range, 5-70 years), were studied with ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-25280
更新日期:2018-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::An imaging fundus reflectometer has been used to study the distribution and regeneration of visual pigments in the retina of the adult living cat. Measurements were made over an area of tapetal retina extending 25 degrees nasal and 40 degrees temporal to the area centralis on the horizontal meridian and 5 degrees infe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) reportedly improves herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). Here we studied the role of the amniotic membrane (AM) on macrophages. METHODS:BALB/c mice with necrotizing HSK received an AMT or tarsorrhaphy (TAR) as control. Apoptosis of F4/80+ cells was determined using the anne...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-7617
更新日期:2012-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the use of topically applied FK506, a new immunosuppressive compound, systemic and ocular absorption was determined in serum and various ocular tissues. METHODS:Two drops of 20 microliters FK506 were applied using oil dissolved (OD-FK506) or liposome-bound (LIP-FK506) drug. FK506 concentrations ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adhesion complex of the corneal epithelium consists of the hemidesmosome and its associated structures, such as anchoring filaments, lamina densa of the basement membrane, and anchoring fibrils. It contributes to the adhesion of the corneal epithelium to Bowman's layer. To understand the adhesion complex better, a...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To establish the regulatory roles that pericytes have in coordinating retinal endothelial cell (EC) growth and angiogenic potential. METHODS:Pericytes were derived from donor diabetic (DHuRP) or normal (NHuRP) human retinae, and characterized using vascular markers, coculture, contraction, morphogenesis, and p...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-13945
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We determined the causes and five-year incidence of blindness and visual impairment (VI) in an adult, urban Chinese population. METHODS:Participants underwent a comprehensive eye examination at baseline in 2003 and then five years later. The World Health Organization (WHO) and United States (US) definitions we...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-11911
更新日期:2013-06-14 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To compare cross-sectional choroidal morphology in rhesus macaque and human eyes using enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and histologic analysis. Methods:Enhanced-depth imaging-OCT images from 25 rhesus macaque and 30 human eyes were evaluated for choriocapillaris and choroidal-scle...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20070
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To learn whether locally expressed and systemic mediators might modulate the cholinergically induced transepithelial Cl(-) fluxes that underlie lacrimal fluid production. METHODS:Reconstituted epithelial monolayers were exposed to a submaximal dose of the muscarinic agonist, carbachol (CCh), or to one of sever...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10202
更新日期:2013-04-26 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Animal studies suggest that the periphery of the eye plays a major role in emmetropization. It is also known that human myopes tend to have relative peripheral hyperopia compared to the foveal refraction. This study investigated peripheral sensitivity to defocus in human subjects, specifically whether myopes ar...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-9034
更新日期:2012-10-17 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether a variational Bayesian independent component analysis mixture model (vB-ICA-mm), a form of unsupervised machine learning, can be used to identify and quantify areas of progression in standard automated perimetry fields. METHODS:In an earlier study, it was shown that a model using vB-ICA-mm...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-1168
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Excessive and continuously produced free radicals in the outer retina are implicated in retinal aging and the pathogenesis of sight-threatening retinopathies, yet measuring outer retinal oxidative stress in vivo remains a challenge. Here, we test the hypothesis that continuously produced paramagnetic free radic...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.15-18420
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To explore connexin43 (Cx43) knockdown as an efficient treatment for corneal endothelial injury in an in vivo rat corneal scrape injury model. METHODS:Scrape injury was induced in the corneal endothelium, and immunolabeling (ZO-1, alpha-SMA, Cx43) was performed to analyze changes in Cx43 expression during woun...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0255
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The structure of collagen lamellae in the anterior stroma of the human cornea is thought to be an important determinant of corneal rigidity. The three-dimensional structure of such collagen lamellae in normal human corneas was examined. METHODS:The anterior portion of 27 normal human corneas was obtained from ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5657
更新日期:2011-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Suppression in amblyopia may be an unequal form of normal interocular suppression or a distinct pathophysiology. To explore this issue, we examined the orientation tuning and contrast dependence of continuous flash suppression (CFS) in adults with amblyopia and visually normal controls. Methods:Nine patients (...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-23954
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolic disorder in diabetics often results in progressive retinopathy with severe visual impairment. Changes in metabolism can influence corneal autofluorescence. This has led to speculation that diabetic retinopathy might be associated with changes in corneal autofluorescence. Corneal autofluorescence of both ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Ocular structural and functional changes, collectively termed spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS), have been described in astronauts undergoing long-duration missions in the microgravity environment of the International Space Station. We tested the hypothesis that retinal vascular remodeling, pa...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.61.14.34
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening disease in which autoreactive T cells cross the blood-retinal barrier. Molecular mechanisms contributing to the loss of eye immune privilege in this autoimmune disease are not well understood. In this study, the authors investigated the changes in the matrix metalloprot...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6475
更新日期:2011-04-08 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To characterize the chemokines and chemokine receptors that mediate the effect of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, on the recruitment of MHC class II(+) Langerhans cells (LCs) in the corneal epithelium. METHODS:A standard model for corneal LC recruitment, app...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0658
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Early visual defects in degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) may arise from phased remodeling of the neural retina. The authors sought to explore the functional expression of ionotropic (iGluR) and group 3, type 6 metabotropic (mGluR6) glutamate receptors in late-stage photoreceptor degenerat...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0032
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Posterior segment intraocular inflammation (PSII) is a putative Th1 CD4+ cell mediated autoimmune disorder. In experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, neutralization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha induces suppression of Th1 cells, macrophage activation, and target organ damage. Previous studies implicated ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.03-0659
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The pharmacokinetics of ophthalmic biotherapeutics are difficult to determine in human vitreous humor. Because of the high transparency of living tissue to near-infrared (NIR) light, the temporal changes in vitreous concentrations of a biomolecule labeled with an NIR fluorescent probe can be monitored in situ w...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-7790
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymphocyte cultures were employed to assess the degree of spontaneous and induced chromosomal fragility in retinoblastoma. Sister chromatid exchange (SCEs) were scored in metaphases. Three unilateral, three bilateral, eleven family members and controls were studied. Retinoblastoma (RB) lymphocytes did not exhibit incr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vascular endothelial growth factor or factors (VGF) and the cytotoxic component(s) in fetal calf retinal extract, vitreous, and serum were investigated. A new quantitative method of measuring the cell growth stimulatory activity and cytotoxicity was used. Results obtained in this study suggest that the VGF may be ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Homocysteine (Hcys), a well-known inducer of vascular endothelial cell damage has been associated with extracellular matrix changes. Lysyl oxidase (LOX) is a copper-dependent amine oxidase that initiates the covalent cross-linking of collagen and elastin in the extracellular matrix (ECM). LOX contributes to the...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.08-2667
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:We determine the feasibility of human conjunctival epithelial cells (hCjECs) on poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) membranes for corneal epithelium regeneration. hCjECs on PLGA or polyester (PET) membranes with or without coculture of human Tenon's fibroblasts (hTFs) were compared in vitro, and to determine w...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22719
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the effects of transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) on retinal degeneration of light-exposed rats. METHODS:Thirty-three Sprague Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups: STIM (n = 15) received 60 minutes of TES, whereas SHAM (n = 15) received identical sham stimulation 2 hours before e...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10037
更新日期:2012-08-15 00:00:00