Abstract:
:During differentiation, keratinocytes undergo a dramatic shape change from small and round to large and flat, in addition to production of proteins necessary for the formation of epidermis. It has been shown that protein kinase C (PKC) η is crucial for keratinocyte differentiation. However, its role in this process has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we show that catalytic activity is not necessary for enlarged and flattened morphology of human keratinocytes induced by overexpression of PKCη, although it is important for gene expression of the marker proteins. In addition, we identify the small G protein RalA as a binding partner of PKCη, which binds to the C1 domain, an indispensable region for the morphological change. The binding led activation of RalA and actin depolymerization associated with keratinocyte differentiation. siRNA techniques proved that RalA is involved in not only the keratinocyte differentiation induced by PKCη overexpression but also normal keratinocyte differentiation induced by calcium and cholesterol sulfate. These results provide a new insight into the molecular mechanism of cytoskeletal regulation leading to drastic change of cell shape.
journal_name
Mol Biol Celljournal_title
Molecular biology of the cellauthors
Shirai Y,Morioka S,Sakuma M,Yoshino K,Otsuji C,Sakai N,Kashiwagi K,Chida K,Shirakawa R,Horiuchi H,Nishigori C,Ueyama T,Saito Ndoi
10.1091/mbc.E10-09-0754subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-04-15 00:00:00pages
1340-52issue
8eissn
1059-1524issn
1939-4586pii
mbc.E10-09-0754journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Cyclin D1 expression is jointly regulated by growth factors and cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix in many cell types. Growth factors are thought to regulate cyclin D1 expression because they stimulate sustained extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity. However, we show here that growth factors indu...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.10.10.3197
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic cells activate the unfolded-protein response (UPR) upon endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, where the stress is assumed to be the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER. Consistent with previous in vitro studies of the ER-luminal domain of the mutant UPR initiator Ire1, our study show its association wi...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-04-0295
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Terminal regions of Drosophila embryos are patterned by signaling through ERK, which is genetically deregulated in multiple human diseases. Quantitative studies of terminal patterning have been recently used to investigate gain-of-function variants of human MEK1, encoding the MEK kinase that directly activates ERK by ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E20-10-0625
更新日期:2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract::In primary hepatocytes and HepG2 hepatoma cells, prolonged activation of the p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is associated with a reduction in DNA synthesis, mediated by increased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein p21 (Cip-1/WAF1/mda6) (p21). This study was performed to...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.11.9.2915
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostaglandins (PGs)--lipid signals produced downstream of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes--regulate actin dynamics in cell culture and platelets, but their roles during development are largely unknown. Here we define a new role for Pxt, the Drosophila COX-like enzyme, in regulating the actin cytoskeleton--temporal restr...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E13-07-0366
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 130 different mutations in the gap junction integral plasma membrane protein connexin32 (Cx32) have been linked to the human peripheral neuropathy X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTX). How these various mutants are processed by the cell and the mechanism(s) by which they cause CMTX are unknown. To add...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.11.6.1933
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage fusion resulting in the formation of multinucleated giant cells occurs in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases, yet the mechanism responsible for initiating this process is unknown. Here, we used live cell imaging to show that actin-based protrusions at the leading edge initiate macrophage fusion. Pha...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E19-01-0009
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Disassembly of the epithelial apical junctional complex (AJC), composed of the tight junction (TJ) and adherens junction (AJ), is important for normal tissue remodeling and pathogen-induced disruption of epithelial barriers. Using a calcium depletion model in T84 epithelial cells, we previously found that disassembly ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-02-0163
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myosin- and Rab-interacting protein (MyRIP), which belongs to the protein kinase A (PKA)-anchoring family, is implicated in hormone secretion. However, its mechanism of action is not fully elucidated. Here we investigate the role of MyRIP in myosin Va (MyoVa)-dependent secretory granule (SG) transport and secretion in...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E12-05-0369
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gp78 is an ERAD-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase that induces degradation of the mitofusin mitochondrial fusion proteins and mitochondrial fission. Gp78 is localized throughout the ER; however, the anti-Gp78 3F3A monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizes Gp78 selectively in mitochondria-associated ER domains. Epitope mapping...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-02-0120
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a defect in the degradation of glucosylceramide catalyzed by the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA). GBA reaches lysosomes via association with its receptor, lysosomal integral membrane protein type 2 (LIMP-2). We found that distinct phosphatidylinosit...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-06-0553
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway for osmoregulation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves interaction of the adaptor Ste50p with the cytoplasmic tail of single-transmembrane protein Opy2p. We have determined the solution structure of the Ste50p-RA (Ras association) domain, and it shows...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-07-0645
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::14-3-3 proteins via binding serine/threonine-phosphorylated proteins regulate diverse intracellular processes in all eukaryotic organisms. Here, we examine the role of 14-3-3 self-dimerization in target binding, and in the susceptibility of 14-3-3 to undergo phosphorylation. Using a phospho-specific antibody developed...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-12-0821
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conserved NDR-kinase Dbf2 plays a critical role in cytokinesis in budding yeast. Among its cytokinesis-related substrates is the F-BAR protein Hof1. Hof1 colocalizes at the cell division site with the septin complex and, as mitotic exit progresses, moves to the actomyosin ring (AMR). Neither the function of Hof1 a...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E12-08-0608
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell migration involves the cooperative reorganization of the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons, as well as the turnover of cell-substrate adhesions, under the control of Rho family GTPases. RhoA is activated at the leading edge of motile cells by unknown mechanisms to control actin stress fiber assembly, contractil...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-01-0041
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sec1p/Munc18 (SM) family proteins regulate SNARE complex function in membrane fusion through their interactions with syntaxins. In addition to syntaxins, only a few SM protein interacting proteins are known and typically, their binding modes with SM proteins are poorly characterized. We previously identified Mso1p as ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-07-0546
更新日期:2010-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::In mouse embryoid bodies, mutation of the tight junction protein cingulin results in changes in gene expression. Here, we studied the function of cingulin using a gene silencing approach in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Cingulin-depleted cells show higher protein and mRNA levels of claudin-2 and ZO-3, increa...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-02-0122
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::MAGP-1 and fibrillin-1, two protein components of extracellular microfibrils, were shown by immunoprecipitation studies to interact with the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan decorin in the medium of cultured fetal bovine chondrocytes. Decorin interacted with each protein individually and with both proteins together to...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.11.5.1499
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular trafficking of tRNA was long thought to be a one-way trip from the site of biogenesis in the nucleus to the translation machinery in the cytoplasm. This view has recently been challenged, however, by the discovery that tRNA can move retrograde from the cytoplasm back to the nucleus in Saccharomyces cerev...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E09-07-0594
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In response to stress conditions (such as nutrient limitation or accumulation of damaged organelles) and certain pathological situations, eukaryotic cells use autophagy as a survival mechanism. During nutrient stress the main purpose of autophagy is to degrade cytoplasmic materials within the lysosome/vacuole lumen an...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-06-0479
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The budding yeast formins Bni1 and Bnr1 control the assembly of actin cables. These formins exhibit distinct patterns of localization and polymerize two different populations of cables: Bni1 in the bud and Bnr1 in the mother cell. We generated a functional Bni1-3GFP that improved the visualization of Bni1 in vivo at e...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-09-0820
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::LLCPK-1 cells were transfected with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-alpha tubulin construct and a cell line permanently expressing GFP-alpha tubulin was established (LLCPK-1alpha). The mitotic index and doubling time for LLCPK-1alpha were not significantly different from parental cells. Quantitative immunoblotting s...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.12.4.971
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycystin (PC)1 and PC2 are membrane proteins implicated in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. A physiologically relevant cleavage at PC1's G protein-coupled receptor proteolytic site (GPS) occurs early in the secretory pathway. Our results suggest that PC2 increases both PC1 GPS cleavage and PC1's appeara...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E10-05-0407
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::CRM1 (Exportin1/XPO1) exports hundreds of broadly functioning protein cargoes out of the cell nucleus by binding to their classical nuclear export signals (NESs). The 8- to 15-amino-acid-long NESs contain four to five hydrophobic residues and are highly diverse in both sequence and CRM1-bound structure. Here we examin...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E18-02-0096
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we showed that spliceosomal U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) transiently passes through the nucleolus. Herein, we report that all individual snRNAs of the [U4/U6.U5] tri-snRNP localize to nucleoli, demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy of nucleolar preparations after injection of fluorescein-labeled snRNA in...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.01-12-0596
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that ouabain activates Src, resulting in subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple effectors. Here, we tested if the Na+/K+-ATPase and Src can form a functional signaling complex. In LLC-PK1 cells the Na+/K+-ATPase and Src colocalized in the plasma membrane. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer a...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-08-0735
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Compositional analyses of nucleic acids and proteins have shed light on possible origins of living cells. In this work, rigorous compositional analyses of ∼5000 plasma membrane lipid constituents of 273 species in the three life domains (archaea, eubacteria, and eukaryotes) revealed a remarkable statistical paradox, i...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E14-06-1078
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multisite phosphorylation of proteins is a powerful signal processing mechanism that plays crucial roles in cell division and differentiation as well as in disease. We recently demonstrated a novel phenomenon in cell cycle regulation by showing that cyclin-dependent kinase-dependent multisite phosphorylation of a cruc...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E14-02-0774
更新日期:2014-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::The proper positioning of mitotic spindle in the single-cell Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is achieved initially by the migration and rotation of the pronuclear complex (PNC) and its two associated astral microtubules (MTs). Pronuclear migration produces global cytoplasmic flows that couple the mechanics of all MTs, t...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-02-0108
更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Although evasion of apoptosis is thought to be required for the development of cancer, it is unclear which cell death pathways are evaded. We previously identified a novel epithelial cell death pathway that works in normal cells but is inactivated in tumor cells, implying that it may be targeted during tumor developme...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-10-0906
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00