Abstract:
:Maternal undernutrition is associated with programming of obesity in offspring. While previous evidence has linked programming to the hypothalamic, pituitary, and adrenal (HPA) axis it could also affect the hypothalamic neuropeptides which regulate food intake and energy balance. Alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH), a key regulator of these neuronal pathways, is derived from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) which is therefore a prime target for the programming of obesity. Several models of maternal undernutrition have identified changes in POMC in hypothalami from foetuses or offspring at various ages. These models have also shown that the offspring go on to develop obesity and/or glucose intolerance. It is our hypothesis that programming leads to epigenetic changes in hypothalamic neuropeptide genes. Therefore when there is subsequent increased food availability, the epigenetic changes could cause dysfunctional transcriptional regulation of energy balance. We present evidence of epigenetic changes in the POMC gene promoter in foetal hypothalami after peri-conceptional undernutrition. In this model there are also epigenetic changes in the hypothalamic glucocorticoid receptor with consequent up-regulation of the receptor which could lead to alterations in the regulation of POMC and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothalamus. Thus maternal undernutrition could cause epigenetic changes in the POMC and glucocorticoid receptor genes, in the foetal hypothalamus, which may predispose the offspring to altered regulation of food intake, energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis, later in life.
journal_name
Eur J Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of pharmacologyauthors
Stevens A,Begum G,White Adoi
10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.10.111subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-11 00:00:00pages
194-201issue
1eissn
0014-2999issn
1879-0712pii
S0014-2999(10)01276-8journal_volume
660pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Selected benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine agents were studied alone or in the presence of benzodiazepine antagonists in the shock-induced suppression of drinking (SSD) procedure in rats. The disinhibitory activity of chlordiazepoxide, CL218,872, zopiclone and CGS 9896 was antagonized by two benzodiazepine antagon...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(82)90331-4
更新日期:1982-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::Venlafaxine is a dual serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and noradrenaline uptake inhibitor which has been claimed to have an onset of antidepressant action which is faster than for other comparable drugs. The effects of venlafaxine on brain 5-HT levels in vivo have not yet been examined. Acute administration of ve...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00164-8
更新日期:1999-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of acute treatment with sibutramine on the peripheral sympathetic neurotransmission in vas deferens of young rats were still not evaluated. Therefore, we carried out this study in order to verify the effects of acute sibutramine treatment on the neuronal- and exogenous agonist-induced contractions of the y...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.035
更新日期:2014-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Clearance of apoptotic cells, so-called efferocytosis, by alveolar macrophages (AMs) is important for lung homeostasis and is impaired in pulmonary inflammatory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. Carbocisteine, a mucoregulatory drug, corrects the contents of fucose in airway mucus and ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.12.026
更新日期:2012-02-29 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacological properties of rat and human 5-HT3 receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes were assessed using a two-electrode voltage clamp technique. Meta-chlorophenylbiguanide (mCPBG), a 5-HT3 receptor-selective agonist, elicited typical current responses in both rat and human 5-HT3 receptor-expressing oocytes. H...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00058-8
更新日期:1999-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments were designed to elucidate the involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system in the acquisition of lithium chloride-conditioned taste aversion. In Experiment 1, rats were administered either vehicle or 50 mg/kg nefazodone daily for 4 weeks. Rats were t...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(03)01790-4
更新日期:2003-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Alpha(2A)-Adrenoceptors mediate the antinociceptive effects of alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonists in mice, and analgesic synergism between noradrenergic and opioidergic mechanisms has been reported to be lacking in mice devoid of functional alpha(2A)-adrenoceptors. We investigated whether the antinociceptive actions of op...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.10.029
更新日期:2006-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Food intake is regulated by various factors such as neuropeptide Y. Neuropeptide Y potently induces an increase in food intake, and simultaneously stimulates arginine-vasopressin (AVP) secretion in the brain. Recently, we reported that V(1A) vasopressin receptor-deficient (V(1A)R(-/-)) mice exhibited altered daily foo...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.09.017
更新日期:2009-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Na+-H+ exchange inhibitors may reduce myocardial damage after reperfusion. However, their effects on microvascular deterioration are not known. We examined the potency of a novel Na+-H+ exchange inhibitor, SM-20550 [ N-(Aminoiminomethyl)-1,4-dimethyl-1H-indole-2-carboxamide methanesulfonate], and its effects on microv...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00283-6
更新日期:1999-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::The behavioural and electrocortical power spectrum effects of tryptoline and the 5-hydroxy and 5-methoxy derivatives were studied after microinjection of the drugs into the third cerebral ventricle in freely moving rats. The three compounds produced a dose-dependent desynchronication in electrocortical activity with a...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(87)90660-1
更新日期:1987-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD), a metabolite of ginsenosides, has been demonstrated to possess cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines. The molecular mechanism is, however, not well understood. In this study, we have shown that PPD inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. PP...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.06.008
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human alpha2A-, alpha2B- and alpha2C-adrenoceptor subtypes were used to monitor alpha2-adrenoceptor-stimulated GTP hydrolysis. Incubation with 100 microM (-)-adrenaline resulted in stimulation of pertussis toxin-sensitive GTPase by 380% after activation of the alpha2A...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00306-4
更新日期:1999-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::The electrophysiological properties of the locus coeruleus (LC) neurons in response to acute and chronic administration of methylphenidate (MPD) were investigated. The extracellular LC neuronal activities were recorded from non-anesthetized, freely behaving rats previously implanted bilaterally with permanent semi mic...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.08.016
更新日期:2012-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The actions of a purified Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide (3 mg x kg(-1), i.v.) on rat gastric antral and duodenal microvascular integrity (determined as radiolabelled albumin leakage) and the expression of the inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS; assessed by the citrulline assay) were investigated 4 h a...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01008-1
更新日期:2001-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::To determine if the presence of an activator of guanylate cyclase alters the depressor response to a selective inhibitor of low Km cyclic GMP (cGMP) phosphodiesterase (PDE), zaprinast (3-30 mg/kg) was given i.v. to conscious, spontaneously hypertensive rats during a steady state of i.v. infusion of sodium nitroprussid...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(90)90214-q
更新日期:1990-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Pieces of rat brain incubated in oxygenated Tyrode solution were stimulated with the divalent cation ionophore A 23187. Incubation media were assayed for leukotriene (LT) C4-like immunoreactivity as well as for prostaglandin (PG) D2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and thromboxane (TX) B2 using specific and sensitive radioimmunoass...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(84)90431-x
更新日期:1984-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The biological activity of two galanin (GAL) fragments, GAL-(1-16) and GAL-(17-29), was tested in vivo by using a spinal nociceptive flexor reflex model in the rat. Intrathecal (i.t.) GAL-(1-16) had a similar biphasic effect on the flexor reflex, with facilitation at lower doses and facilitation followed by depression...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(90)90502-w
更新日期:1990-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Berberine, which is a major constituent of the rhizome of Coptidis japonica (CJ), inhibits IL-8 production in colonic epithelial cells and improves 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in mice. In our preliminary studies, berberine inhibited lipid peroxidation in liposomes prepared from l-α-phosp...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.08.046
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of ifenprodil (a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist which also blocks 5-HT3 receptors and alpha1-adrenoceptors) on the effects of ethanol in the mouse in vivo and to elucidate the role of various receptors in these actions. The ethanol (4 g/kg i.p.)-induc...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(99)00393-3
更新日期:1999-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Statins are the most common type of medicine used to treat hypercholesterolemia; however, they are associated with a low incidence of myotoxicity such as myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. The mechanisms for the adverse effects remain to be fully elucidated for safer chronic use and drug development. The results of our earl...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.10.044
更新日期:2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Dopamine (DA) is thought to have a neurotransmitter role in the spinal cord of the rat. Intrathecal administration of the DA receptor agonist apomorphine has previously been shown to reduce nocifensive responses. The present experiments investigated the site of action of apomorphine, and the mechanisms by which DA ago...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(85)90001-9
更新日期:1985-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::When the prostate cancer cells become unresponsive to androgen therapy, resistance to chemotherapy becomes imminent, resulting in high mortality. To combat this situation, lycopodine, a pharmacologically important bioactive component derived from Lycopodium clavatum spores, was tested against hormone sensitive (LnCaP)...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.10.041
更新日期:2013-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::18-Methoxycoronaridine, a novel iboga alkaloid congener that decreases drug self-administration in several animal models, may be a potential treatment for multiple forms of drug abuse. In previous work, 18-methoxycoronaridine was found to be a somewhat selective antagonist at alpha3beta4 nicotinic receptors; and low d...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01944-1
更新日期:2002-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the potential of the selective extra-synaptic α5-GABAA receptor inhibitor S44819 (Egis-13529) to improve cognitive performance in preclinical models of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Chronic hypoperfusion of the brain in mice was induced by permanent occlusion of the right common carotid arte...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.015
更新日期:2018-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacological properties of oxime reactivators, not related to its ability to regenerate or reactivate nerve agent-inhibited acetylcholinesterase located at nerve synapses, have been reported to be important in protecting against poisoning by the nerve agent soman. Such non-reactivation effects have thus far been as...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.07.033
更新日期:2005-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison was made in awake rats between the analgesic and the respiratory depressant actions induced by the mu-opiate agonists morphine and Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-N-Me-Phe-Met-(O)-ol (FK-33824), and the delta-agonists Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-Phe-D-Leu ( DADLE ) and Tyr-D-Ser-Gly-Phe-D-Leu-Thr (D-Ser2- Thr6 ), injected into the cereb...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(84)90427-8
更新日期:1984-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::Specific binding of [3H]imipramine to its recognition sites in frontal cortex and levels of serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and norepinephrine (NE) as well as uptake of serotonin by crude synaptosomal (P2) fraction were determined in a group of rats chronically (for 21 days) treated with differen...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(87)90429-8
更新日期:1987-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor, which is activated in stages of increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) consumption. Its activation has been associated with a number of beneficial effects such as decrease of inflammatory processes and inhibition of disease progression of diabetes and obesity. A...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.001
更新日期:2015-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the heart was suggested as a potential molecular explanation for the increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. Increased endothelin-1 production is reported in diabetes. Here, we report that down-regulat...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.04.041
更新日期:2006-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of physical stressors (electric foot-shocks) on effect of the antidepressant drug, clomipramine and plasma corticosterone levels in male and female rats tested in a model of behavioral despair (forced swim test,). Male and female rats of the Wistar strain were injec...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.08.012
更新日期:2005-09-27 00:00:00