Aging, probabilistic learning and performance monitoring.

abstract：:'Neurotic' and 'stable' groups (n = 8) were formed by means of the Finnish version of the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Subjects were exposed individually to 80-100 dBA broadband noise. No overt response was made. The dependent variable was the pupil dilation. The louder the noise, the larger the pupil was. At each l...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Antikainen J,Niemi P

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emotion and attention are key players in the modulation of pain perception. However, much less is known about the reverse influence of pain on attentional and especially emotional processes. To this end, we employed painful vs. non-painful pressure stimulation to examine effects on the processing of simultaneously pre...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Wieser MJ,Gerdes AB,Greiner R,Reicherts P,Pauli P

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current study investigated links between trauma exposure, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and inhibitory control assessed using a modified version of the visual flanker task. The study had three aims: (1) specifically confirm general non-affective deficits in sustained attention in PTSD; (2) probe ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Melara RD,Ruglass LM,Fertuck EA,Hien DA

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When determining the cause of a person's behavior, perceivers often overweigh dispositional explanations and underweigh situational explanations, an error known as the Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE). The FAE occurs in part because dispositional explanations are relatively automatic, whereas considering the situat...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Kubota JT,Mojdehbakhsh R,Raio C,Brosch T,Uleman JS,Phelps EA

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depressed persons show an impairment of spatial cognition that may reflect the influence of affective arousal on right hemisphere cognition. We examined normal university students to determine whether individual differences in mood and arousal levels would be related to performance on a spatial memory task. Right-hemi...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Tucker DM,Hartry-Speiser A,McDougal L,Luu P,deGrandpre D

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the present study was to examine autonomic function in response to negatively and positively valenced pictures under different levels of conscious recognition. Heart period variability (HPV) and heart rate (HR) reactivity were studied in 53 males and females who were being shown pictures of angry and happy ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Jönsson P,Sonnby-Borgström M

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four experiments investigated Pearce and Hall's (1980) proposal that a decrease in the predictive accuracy of a stimulus restores stimulus associability as reflected by increased orienting and controlled processing. The experiments examined the effects of miscuing or omission on stimulus associability as assessed by s...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Packer JS,Siddle DA,Tipp C

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously we observed that the P3 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) elicited by startling noises, and to a lesser extent P3 to target tones, is reduced in the elderly (Ford & Pfefferbaum, 1991). In the current experiment, we tried to eliminate possible effects of age-related hearing deficits on the...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Ford JM,Roth WT,Isaacks BG,White PM,Hood SH,Pfefferbaum A

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the first experiment, somatosensory event-related potentials (SERPs) were recorded to tactile pulses and vibration bursts applied to the left middle finger in trains of 4-8 stimuli with 1 s intervals. In addition to the negative N140 deflection, also the positive P50, P100 and P300 waves attenuated in amplitude wit...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Kekoni J,Hämäläinen H,Saarinen M,Gröhn J,Reinikainen K,Lehtokoski A,Näätänen R

更新日期：1997-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased vascular reactivity to stress has been suggested to contribute to the greater risk for developing hypertension in African Americans. Here, we examined the way (hemodynamic profile) and the extent to which (compensation deficit) cardiac output and total peripheral resistance compensate for each other in deter...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Carnevali L,Ottaviani C,Williams DP,Kapuku G,Thayer JF,Hill LK

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxytocin plays an important role in human attachment, trust, social perception, memory, and fear regulation. Evidence suggests that CD38, a regulator of oxytocin release, may also be critical in these processes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictors of plasma oxytocin level measured after a task ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Kiss I,Levy-Gigi E,Kéri S

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research has suggested that reflex amplitude may be influenced by the direction of attention. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of an attention-demanding visual reaction time task upon the elicitation of reflexes and modification of reflexes by an antecedent prestimulus in young an...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Harbin TJ,Berg WK

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Subjects were tested in a cued reaction-time task wherein warning stimuli (S1) of 5-letter words or dot patterns inter-mixed across trials were briefly presented. After 2 sec a second stimulus (S2) of th same category as the S1 appeared and the subject pressed a key with the left or right hand. The right key was press...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Rebert CS,Lowe RC

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study is a randomized controlled trial that aims to evaluate the efficacy of Neurofeedback compared to standard pharmacological intervention in the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The final sample consisted of 23 children with ADHD (11 boys and 12 girls, 7-14 years old). Parti...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Meisel V,Servera M,Garcia-Banda G,Cardo E,Moreno I

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although first-impressions are known to impact decision-making and to have prolonged effects on reasoning, it is less well known that the same type of rapidly formed assumptions can explain biases in automatic relevance filtering outside of deliberate behavior. This paper features two studies in which participants hav...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Mullens D,Winkler I,Damaso K,Heathcote A,Whitson L,Provost A,Todd J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study the ischemic nerve block (INB) technique is investigated as a procedure for blocking afferent information in the study of the sensory control of movements. A movement replication task is used. The results suggest that the elbow, wrist and metacarpal-phalangeal joints are at three different stages of sens...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Glencross DJ,Oldfield SR

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although there have been suggestions that altered cognitive control and food reward sensitivity contribute to overeating in obese individuals, neurophysiological correlates of these mechanisms have been poorly investigated. The current study investigated event-related potentials (ERP) in 24 severely obese and 26 norma...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Testa G,Buongiorno F,Rusconi ML,Mapelli D,Vettor R,Angeli P,Amodio P,Schiff S

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The somatic marker hypothesis (Damasio, Tranel, & Damasio, 1991) is a controversial theory asserting that somatic activities implicitly bias human behavior. In this study, we examined the relationship between choice behaviors in the Iowa Gambling Task and patterns of skin conductance responses (SCRs) within a healthy ...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Suzuki A,Hirota A,Takasawa N,Shigemasu K

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In reply to Verleger's commentary, I first clarify what the term "MRP overlap" implies; by means of a simple additive simulation it is shown that overlap between a stable P300 and a MRP that moves in time with reaction-time, may cause two types of artefacts--amplitude reduction and double peaking of P300. Following Ve...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Kok A

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Consistently it has been reported that a depressed mood and low heart rate variability (HRV) are linked. However, studies have not considered that the association might be explained by dietary behaviour. The resting inter-beat interval data of 266 adults (Study 1: 156 (51M), Study 2: 112 (38M)) were recorded for six m...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Young HA,Cousins AL,Watkins HT,Benton D

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Event-related potential (ERP) correlates of distraction are usually investigated in the oddball paradigm following a discrete, trial-by-trial stimulation protocol. In this design, participants perform a discrimination task while oddball stimuli deviate in a task-irrelevant stimulus feature. In our experiment, particip...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Horváth J,Winkler I

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of psychological stress and the Valsalva maneuver on short-term variations of intraocular pressure (IOP) were studied in 49 healthy adults. Psychological stress consisted of mental arithmetic tasks presented in counterbalanced order by computer and by the experimenter. Additionally, a standardized Valsalva...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Brody S,Erb C,Veit R,Rau H

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigations into the stress response of patients committed to a special hospital for criminally deviant offences have identified a group of sympathetically hypoactive patients who excrete more noradrenaline and less adrenaline in the urine than either the remaining hospital population or control subjects, during co...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Woodman DD,Hinton JW,O'Neill MT

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about the reliabilities of the various measures of saccade control that can be derived from pro- and anti-saccade tasks. This paper presents correlational results of 2 different studies comprising altogether 446 psychiatrically and neurologically healthy participants in the range of 6-88 years. Saccade...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Klein C,Fischer B

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interoceptive deficits are associated with medial temporal lobe (MTL) lesions, and especially the hippocampus, which may relate to interoception's reliance upon predictive coding and hence on mnemonic processes. Here, we develop a new task to assess interoceptive predictions and assess their dependence upon MTL memory...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Edwards-Duric J,Stevenson RJ,Francis HM

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of 20 min structured relaxation immediately prior to retrieval were observed for word lists learned 48 hours previously. Error probabilities and response latencies were scored at acquisition and retrieval for paired associates at two levels of response dominance. Frontalis isometric muscles tension was mea...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Jones DM,Lewis R

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several studies suggest that inhibition difficulties among people with ASD might be related to atypical cardiac vagal control. We examined how low versus high baseline heart rate variability (HRV) influences prepotent response inhibition in 31 males with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; mean age: 32.2; mean IQ: 107.8) c...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Kuiper MWM,Verhoeven EWM,Geurts HM

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study introduced a novel variant of the concealed information test (CIT), called the feedback-CIT. By providing participants with feedbacks regarding their memory concealment performance during the CIT, we investigated the feedback-related neural activity underlying memory concealment. Participants acquire...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Sai L,Lin X,Rosenfeld JP,Sang B,Hu X,Fu G

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Facial attractiveness plays a key role in human social and affective behavior. To study the time course of the neural processing of attractiveness and its influence on recognition memory we investigated the event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited in an old/new recognition task in response to faces with a neutral expr...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Marzi T,Viggiano MP

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may exhibit chronic autonomic nervous system (ANS) hyperarousal (e.g., lower respiratory sinus arrhythmia and higher heart rate) compared to their typically developing peers, reflecting a chronic biological threat response. The sustained nature of this cardiac threat sug...

journal_title：Biological psychology

authors： Patriquin MA,Hartwig EM,Friedman BH,Porges SW,Scarpa A

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00