Abstract:
:Temozolomide-based chemotherapy represents an incremental improvement in the treatment of patients with high-grade gliomas. Notwithstanding a survival benefit in a subset of patients with high-grade gliomas, temozolomide (TMZ; Temodar®, Schering-Plough Pharmaceuticals, NJ, USA) is the primarily palliative treatment for the vast majority of patients. Indeed, for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma, the median increase in survival for treatment with TMZ and radiotherapy is only 2.5 months compared with radiotherapy alone. Additionally, recent studies suggest that 60-75% of patients with glioblastoma derive no benefit from treatment with TMZ. For the treatment of recurrent anaplastic gliomas, more than 50% of patients fail TMZ treatment with cancer progression at 6 months, demonstrating that TMZ is only a modestly effective chemotherapy. In addition, 15-20% of patients treated with TMZ develop clinically significant toxicity, which can leave further treatment unsafe. Despite the availability of TMZ, there is still a substantial need for a chemotherapeutic agent that is more effective and safe. In fact, there still remains a significant unmet need for more effective treatments of high-grade gliomas (improved palliation or cure), whether that treatment be by surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or any yet to be developed type of treatment, such as 'targeted therapies'.
journal_name
Expert Rev Neurotherjournal_title
Expert review of neurotherapeuticsauthors
Chamberlain MCdoi
10.1586/ern.10.32subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-10-01 00:00:00pages
1537-44issue
10eissn
1473-7175issn
1744-8360journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Evaluation of: Segal BM, Constantinescu CS, Raychaudhuri A et al. Repeated subcutaneous injections of IL12/23 p40 neutralising antibody, ustekinumab, in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a Phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, dose-ranging study. Lancet Neurol. 7, 796-804 (2008). ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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doi:10.1586/14737175.9.3.319
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initial descriptions of bipolar disorder (BD) emphasized that patients returned to a baseline condition after acute episodes. Such definitions were operational in teasing bipolar disorder apart from schizophrenia, where patients were described to be permanently impaired after the initial episodes. However, this view o...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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abstract::There have been remarkable strides in the last decade in unraveling the mystery of primary headache disorders, such as migraine and cluster headache. The vascular theory has been superseded by the neurovascular phenomena which seems to be the permissive triggering factor in migraine and cluster headache. This has been...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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doi:10.1586/14737175.3.5.713
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abstract::Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive chronic anxiety in association with many somatic symptoms. The disorder has pervasive effects on quality of life, including work, social and educational aspects and requires long-term therapy. Available studies in patients are the Diagnostic and Statistical Ma...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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abstract::Introduction: Vitamin B6 dependent epilepsies are a group of treatable diseases (ALDH7A1 deficiency, PNPO deficiency, PLP binding protein deficiency, hyperprolinaemia type II and hypophosphatasia and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor synthesis defects) responding to pyridoxine or pyridoxal-5I-phosphate. Areas covere...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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abstract::The saga of harmful administration of levodopa (LD) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) resulted from outcomes of animal trials and cell culture studies. They were initiated after the clinical observation of onset of motor complications related to the short plasma half-life of the drug in PD patients. This di...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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abstract::Glucocorticoids exert a variety of immunomodulatory activities. Since changes in glucocorticoid homeostasis impact on susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, and synthetic glucocorticoids are widely used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis, a detailed understanding of their mechanism of action is desirable. Experime...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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abstract::Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common behavioral disorder of a complex nature. Genetic and environmental factors are thought to be involved in precipitating the disorder. Pharmacological, animal model and recent molecular studies support the role of genes (of minor or medium effect) from dopamine...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737175.3.4.453
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing prevalence of chronic pain with its major societal impact and the escalating use of opioids in managing it, along with their misuse, abuse, associated fatalities and costs, are epidemics in modern medicine. Over the past two decades, multiple lessons have been learned addressing various issues of abuse....
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.13.33
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a hyperkinetic movement disorder that arises as a complication of exposure to dopamine receptor blocking agents. Vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors reduce dyskinesia by decreasing transport of monoamines, including dopamine, into presynaptic vesicles, lea...
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abstract::Constituents of the Cannabis plant, cannabinoids, may be of therapeutic value in neurologic diseases. The most abundant cannabinoids are Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, which possesses psychoactive properties, and cannabidiol, which has no intrinsic psychoactive effects, but exhibits neuroprotective properties in preclinic...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.985209
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Altered levels of cytokines and acute-phase proteins have been described in the blood and brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Microglia are resident cells of the brain and metabolic upregulation of these cells may play a crucial role in the development of the neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disea...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.6.9.1327
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation-induced gliomas represent a relatively rare but an extensively published entity in the neuro-oncologic literature. Extensive retrospective cohort data in pediatric populations after therapeutic intracranial radiation show an increased risk in glioma incidence that is both patient age- and radiation dose/volu...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/pmic.200800802
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute pain informs the individual that there is an imminent threat of body damage, and is associated with the urge to escape and avoid. Fear learning takes place when neutral stimuli receive the propensity to predict the occurrence of pain, and when defensive responses are initiated in anticipation of potential threat...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.10.115
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schizophrenia is a common, debilitating illness for which treatment is empirical and unsatisfactory. Intense efforts to identify etiological factors have been launched in order to facilitate rational therapy. Such efforts have included gene-mapping studies since a significant heritability has been proved. In common wi...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.4.4.725
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric condition that affects approximately 5.3% of children worldwide. This disorder is defined by a combination of symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Diagnosis is based on impairment in these two domains determining several problems...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.10.17
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this article is to systematically review the use of fentanyl as an analgesic for breakthrough pain. This article found that the oral transmucosal fentanyl (OTFC) had a quicker onset to analgesia than oral immediate-release opioids. Intranasal fentanyl (INFS) had a quicker onset to analgesia than buccal ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.11.63
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last decade, much progress has been made towards identifying risk factors for schizophrenia. It is now thought that many genes of small effect contribute towards risk of developing schizophrenia and some of these probably confer susceptibility to environmental factors. Large population-based studies, using re...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clomipramine ushered in a new age of pharmacotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorders, and it also facilitated our understanding of the biological aspects of obsessive-compulsive disorder, focusing on the serotonergic systems. The introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors has led to great progress in t...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research into what works in depression is in trouble. All treatments appear equally effective and what happens in research trials does not seem to translate into clinical practice or, to put it another way, clinical practice is not reflected in randomized controlled trials. We run the risk of designing cosmetic trials...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.6.1.41
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysregulation of the mTOR signaling pathway is associated with highly epileptogenic conditions such as tuberous sclerosis, focal cortical dysplasia, hemimegalencephaly and ganglioglioma, grouped under the term of 'mTORopathies'. Brain abnormalities associated with mTOR overactivation include enlarged and dysplastic ne...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is an important risk factor for stroke. The latter results in disability and premature death and represents a major public health problem. Various studies have established a strong relationship between increasing blood pressure and stroke risk, as well as clear evidence of a reduction in the incidence of ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737175.6.2.203
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central pain, which follows brain and spinal cord injury remains an ill-treated entity affecting approximately 1-2 million people worldwide. When oral drugs fail, either immediately or in the long run, the only therapeutic option is neuromodulation, via either electrical or chemical means. The whole spectrum of neurom...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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doi:10.1586/14737175.3.5.591
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing new treatment strategies for acute ischemic stroke in the last twenty years has offered some important successes, but also several failures. Most trials of neuroprotective therapies have been uniformly negative to date. Recent research has reported how excitatory amino acids act as the major excitatory neur...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1101345
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abstract::The most successful approach for treating people with Alzheimer's disease to date has been by improving cholinergic transmission using cholinesterase inhibitors. Many of these drugs selectively inhibit acetylcholinesterase but some agents inhibit both acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Recent evidence fro...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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doi:10.1586/14737175.5.1.101
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fingolimod is the first oral agent approved in the USA for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. Fingolimod is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator that binds to sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors on lymphocytes, resulting in a downregulation of the receptor and a reversible sequestration of l...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects 2.5 million people in the world. NEDA (No evidence of disease Activity) -4 is a new concept related to absence of disease activity in the context of MS. It takes into account the following four parameters: relapses; disability ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of stem cell therapy for Parkinson's disease is to reconstruct nigro-striatal neuronal pathways using endogenous neural stem/precursor cells or grafted dopaminergic neurons. As an alternative, transplantation of stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons into the striatum has been attempted, with the aim of stimul...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With improved control of the immunological phenomena of systemic lupus erythematosus, the epidemiology of this disease is changing. While both cardiac and neurological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus have been consistently described, there is increasing awareness of the need for general cardiovascular p...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
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更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Cognitive impairment and behavioral disturbances are common findings in Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite initially being considered late complications of the disease, it is currently accepted that almost all PD patients will exhibit cognitive and behavioral abnormalities from the early and even the prem...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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