Abstract：
:Nonallelic gene conversion has been proposed as a major force in homogenizing the sequences of paralogous genes. In this work, we investigate the extent and characteristics of gene conversion among gene families in nine species of the genus Drosophila. We carried out a genome-wide study of 2855 gene families (including 17,742 genes) and determined that conversion events involved 2628 genes. The proportion of converted genes ranged across species from 1 to 9% when paralogs of all ages were included. Although higher levels of gene conversion were found among young gene duplicates, at most 1-2% of the coding sequences of these duplicates were affected by conversion. Using a second approach relying on gene family size changes and gene-tree/species-tree reconciliation methods, we estimate that only 1-15% of gene trees are misled by gene conversion, depending on the lineage considered. Several features of paralogous genes correlate with gene conversion, such as intra-/interchromosomal location, level of nucleotide divergence, and GC content, although we found no definitive evidence for biased substitution patterns. After considering species-specific differences in the age and distance between paralogs, we found a highly significant difference in the amount of gene conversion among species. In particular, members of the melanogaster group showed the lowest proportion of converted genes. Our data therefore suggest underlying differences in the mechanistic basis of gene conversion among species.
journal_name
Geneticsjournal_title
Geneticsauthors
Casola C,Ganote CL,Hahn MWdoi
10.1534/genetics.110.115444subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
95-103issue
1eissn
0016-6731issn
1943-2631pii
genetics.110.115444journal_volume
185pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GENETICS文献大全abstract：:We describe here a family of P elements that we refer to as type I repressors. These elements are identified by their repressor functions and their lack of any deletion within the first two-thirds of the canonical P sequence. Elements belonging to this repressor class were isolated from P strains and were made in vitr...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Florida teosinte from Honduras and Guanajuato teosinte have most of their knobs internally located and a common inversion in the short arm of chromosome 8. Teosintes from northern Guatemala, Huixta and Monajil, have all their knobs terminally located and do not have any inversions. Therefore, Florida teosinte from Hon...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in genome structure and gene expression have been documented in both resynthesized and natural allopolyploids that contain two or more divergent genomes. The underlying mechanisms for rapid and stochastic changes in gene expression are unknown. Arabidopsis suecica is a natural allotetraploid derived from the e...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.107.086272
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are an important family of signaling molecules with the unusual property that they are able to transduce their signals using the same downstream pathways. This has led to an unresolved debate as to whether individual receptors are interchangeable, or if each receptor can mediate specif...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.108.098475
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitotic cell divisions increase cell number while faithfully distributing the replicated genome at each division. The Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is a powerful model for eukaryotic cell division. Nearly all of the genes that regulate cell division in C. elegans are conserved across metazoan species, including humans...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1534/genetics.118.301367
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid and high wing-beat frequencies achieved during insect flight are powered by the indirect flight muscles, the largest group of muscles present in the thorax. Any anomaly during the assembly and/or structural impairment of the indirect flight muscles gives rise to a flightless phenotype. Multiple mutagenesis scree...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.115.175604
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An extending axon growth cone is subjected to attractant and repellent cues. It is not clear how these growth cones discriminate the two opposing forces and select their projection paths. Here, we report that in the Drosophila nerve cord the growth cones of longitudinal tracts are subjected to attraction by the Netrin...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.104.036863
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five bivariate distributions of wing dimensions of Drosophila melanogaster were measured, in flies 1) subjected to four defined environmental regimes during development, 2) taken directly from nature in seven U.S. states, 3) selected in ten populations for change in wing form, and 4) sampled from 21 long inbred wild-t...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haplotype variation in 9.7 kb of genomic DNA sequence from the human lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene was scored in three populations: African-Americans from Jackson, Mississippi (24 individuals), Finns from North Karelia, Finland (24), and non-Hispanic whites from Rochester, Minnesota (23). Earlier analyses had indicate...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intron sizes show an asymmetrical distribution in a number of organisms, with a large number of "short" introns clustered around a minimal intron length and a much broader distribution of longer introns. In Drosophila melanogaster, the short intron class is centered around 61 bp. The narrow length distribution suggest...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present here a molecular analysis of the region surrounding the structural gene encoding alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) in 47 lines of Drosophila melanogaster that have each accumulated mutations for 300 generations. While these lines show a significant increase in variation of alcohol dehydrogenase enzyme activity co...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a positive association between marital radius (distance between mates' birthplaces) and fertility detected in a large population. Spurious association due to socioeconomic factors is discarded by a conditional analysis involving income, education, and urbanicity. Strong evidence of consanguinity's deleteriou...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.107.072454
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hybrid sterility in the heterogametic sex is a common feature of speciation in animals. In house mice, the contribution of the Mus musculus musculus X chromosome to hybrid male sterility is large. It is not known, however, whether F1 male sterility is caused by X-Y or X-autosome incompatibilities or a combination of b...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.112.141804
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sample of 16 Minutes, representing 12 loci distributed over all the chromosome arms and including 3 pairs of alleles and 4 deficiencies, has been studied with respect to several developmental and recombinational parameters. Cell marker mutants located in most of the chromosome arms were used to assess (1) spontaneou...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biology is characterized by complex interactions between phenotypes, such as recursive and simultaneous relationships between substrates and enzymes in biochemical systems. Structural equation models (SEMs) can be used to study such relationships in multivariate analyses, e.g., with multiple traits in a quantitative g...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.109.112979
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heparan sulfates (HS) are linear polysaccharides with complex modification patterns, which are covalently bound via conserved attachment sites to core proteins to form heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). HSPGs regulate many aspects of the development and function of the nervous system, including cell migration, mor...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.116.198739
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Centromere H3 proteins (CenH3's) are variants of histone H3 specialized for packaging centromere DNA. Unlike canonical H3, which is among the most conserved of eukaryotic proteins, CenH3's are rapidly evolving, raising questions about orthology and conservation of function across species. To gain insight on CenH3 evol...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.106.062794
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) is a marine fish of great importance for fisheries and aquaculture. It has also a peculiar sex-determination system, being a protandrous hermaphrodite. Here we report the construction of a first-generation genetic linkage map for S. aurata, based on 204 microsatellite markers....
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.106.059014
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N6-methyladenosine (m6A), catalyzed by Mettl3 methyltransferase, is a highly conserved epigenetic modification in eukaryotic messenger RNA (mRNA). Previous studies have implicated m6A modification in multiple biological processes, but the in vivo function of m6A has been difficult to study, because mettl3 mutants are ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.117.300574
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneous tandem chromosomal duplications are common in populations of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. They range in frequency for a given locus from 10(-2) to 10(-4) and probably form by RecA-dependent unequal sister strand exchanges between repetitive sequences in direct order. Certain duplications ha...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The GAL4 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae binds to DNA upstream of each of six genes and stimulates their transcription. To locate regions of the protein responsible for these processes, we identified and characterized 88 gal4 mutations selected in vivo to reduce the ability to GAL4 protein to activate transcriptio...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although maize is naturally an outcrossing organism, modern breeding utilizes highly inbred lines in controlled crosses to produce hybrids. The U.S. Department of Agriculture's reciprocal recurrent selection experiment between the Iowa Stiff Stalk Synthetic (BSSS) and the Iowa Corn Borer Synthetic No. 1 (BSCB1) popula...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.115.182410
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conversion between duplicated genes limits their independent evolution. Models in which conversion frequencies decrease as genes diverge are examined to determine conditions under which genes can "escape" further conversion and hence escape from a gene family. A review of results from various recombination systems sug...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We estimated DNA sequence variation in a 5.7-kb fragment of the furrowed (fw) gene region within and between four populations of Drosophila ananassae; fw is located in a chromosomal region of very low recombination. We analyzed gene flow between these four populations along a latitudinal transect on the Indian subcont...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most studies of mutation rates implicitly assume that they remain constant throughout development of the germline. However, researchers recently used a novel statistical framework to reveal that mutation rates differ dramatically during sperm development in Drosophila melanogaster. Here a general framework is describe...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.113.151571
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anxious behavior in the mouse is a complex quantitative phenotype that varies widely among inbred mouse strains. We examined a panel of chromosome substitution strains bearing individual A/J chromosomes in an otherwise C57BL/6J background in open-field and light-dark transition tests. Our results confirmed previous re...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.104.031492
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to issues of practicality and confidentiality of genomic data sharing on a large scale, typically only meta- or mega-analyzed genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data, not individual-level data, are publicly available. Reanalyses of such GWAS summary data for a wide range of applications have become more ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.118.300813
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preliminary studies with restriction fragment length polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster revealed considerable variation in terms of nucleotide sequence and overall size. In this report we present data from more isofemale lines and more restriction enzymes, and ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements that colonize eukaryotic genomes by replicating through an RNA intermediate. As retrotransposons can move within the host genome, defense mechanisms have evolved to repress their potential mutagenic activities. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the mRNA of Tf2...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.116.193870
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic screens in Drosophila melanogaster and other organisms have been pursued to filter the genome for genetic functions important for memory formation. Such screens have employed primarily chemical or transposon-mediated mutagenesis and have identified numerous mutants including classical memory mutants, dunce and...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.114.173575
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
