Abstract:
:The procedures described by Sloman et al. (2005) were extended to an analysis of teachers' responses to problem behavior after they had been taught to withhold potential sources of positive and negative reinforcement following instances of problem behavior. Results were consistent with those reported previously, suggesting that escape from child problem behavior may shape and maintain adult behavior that is potentially countertherapeutic.
journal_name
J Appl Behav Analjournal_title
Journal of applied behavior analysisauthors
Addison L,Lerman DCdoi
10.1901/jaba.2009.42-485subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-07-01 00:00:00pages
485-90issue
2eissn
0021-8855issn
1938-3703journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Appropriate play with toys was studied in two autistic children with high occurrences of self-stimulatory behavior. Each child participated in the experimental sessions in an A-B-A design, where "A" refers to baseline sessions and "B" refers to self-stimulation suppression sessions. It was found that: (a) during the b...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1974.7-521
更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed and reduced the tardiness of 4 direct-care staff employed at a school that provides educational services to children with autism. The Performance Diagnostic Checklist - Human Services was administered to participants and their supervisors to identify one or more indicated interventions. Relative to baselin...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.643
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Researchers have identified an unbalanced diet as a key risk factor in the etiology of many chronic diseases (World Health Organization, ). Although researchers have found that numerous factors influence children's food choices, no assessment exists to identify these factors. In Experiment 1, we established preliminar...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.521
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although delusional statements in people with intellectual disabilities and traumatic brain injury can be treated using behavioral interventions, none have demonstrated long-term treatment effects. In the current study, a functional analysis demonstrated that delusional statements were maintained by attention. Differe...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-745
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Token economies are one of the most commonly used behavior-analytic interventions. Despite literature supporting the use of tokens as tools for behavior change, little is known about the efficacy of tokens compared to that of the items for which they are exchanged. Results of previous research comparing the reinforcin...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.675
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the effectiveness of simplified habit reversal in reducing filled pauses that occur during public speaking. Filled pauses consist of "uh," "um," or "er"; clicking sounds; and misuse of the word "like." After baseline, participants received habit reversal training that consisted of awareness traini...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.267
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differential reinforcement is a common treatment for escape-maintained problem behavior in which compliance is reinforced on a fixed-ratio (FR) 1 schedule with brief access to positive and/or negative reinforcement. Recent research suggests some individuals prefer to complete longer work requirements culminating in pr...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.622
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Systematic reinforcement procedures were used to increase study behavior in the classrooms of three beginning teachers experiencing problems of classroom control. Classroom study rates were recorded during a baseline period. During subsequent experimental periods, the teachers changed one or more reinforcement conting...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1968.1-315
更新日期:1968-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The generality of the findings reported by DeLeon, Iwata, and Roscoe (1997) was examined by conducting two stimulus-choice preference assessments, the second of which evaluated low-ranked items from the initial assessment. Results for the 2 participants suggested that supplementary assessments of low-ranked items may ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2000.33-105
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two studies were conducted to analyze behaviors of staff and patients on a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). In the first study, behavioral observation procedures were employed to assess patient state, physical position, affect, verbal behaviors, visual attention and activity engagement, and staff verbal behavior....
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1979.12-83
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the use of a progressive delay procedure combined with verbal mediation to teach self-control to children with attention deficit disorder. Results showed that when participants were initially given the choice between an immediate smaller reinforcer and a larger delayed reinforcer, all participants ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2000.33-233
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of delayed reinforcement on the responding of individuals with intellectual disabilities. Three conditions were evaluated: (a) food reinforcement, (b) token reinforcement with a postsession exchange opportunity, and (c) token reinforcement with a posttrial exchange opportunity. Within each cond...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.311
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study compared the relative efficacy of providing simultaneous or delayed reinforcement on food acceptance during meals. The participant was a 7 year-old boy with pervasive developmental disorder and a history of food selectivity. Results indicated that both procedures were effective in increasing acceptance; how...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1996.29-243
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the effects of a contingency management (CM) intervention for alcohol consumption in 10 alcohol-dependent participants. An ABCA design was used. Vouchers were provided contingent on results of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) urine tests (an alcohol biomarker with a 2-day detection period) and alcohol breat...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2012.45-161
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral assessment procedures were used to determine the maintaining conditions of self-injury exhibited by 2 children with severe multiple handicaps. For both children, negative reinforcement (escape from grooming activities) was determined to be the maintaining reinforcer for self-injury (hand/arm biting) within ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1990.23-459
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of operant reinforcers are dynamic and dependent on a number of variables, such as schedule and effort. There has been sparse research on the generalized conditioned properties of token reinforcement. We evaluated leisure items, edible items, and tokens using a progressive ratio schedule with three chil...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.424
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A token reinforcement program involving two levels of token value and backup reinforcers to increase journal reshelving behavior in a large university library was experimentally evaluated. Results showed that instructions (in which signs asked users to reshelve journals) had no impact. By contrast, token reinforcement...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-213
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effectiveness of functional communication training (FCT) in reducing self-injurious behavior (SIB) and in shaping an alternative (communicative) response while SIB continued to be reinforced. Following a functional analysis of 3 individuals' SIB, we attempted to teach an alternative response consisting...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1997.30-93
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the effects of a high-probability (high-p) instruction sequence and a fixed-time (FT) schedule of reinforcement on the compliance of 2 typically developing children. A multielement experimental design with a reversal component was implemented according to a multiple baseline across participants arrangement...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2006.115-05
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study replicates and extends prior research showing that access to self-restraint materials can reinforce self-injurious behavior (SIB). A functional analysis was conducted showing that SIB occurred at differentially high rates when access to restraint materials (a leather jacket) was made contingent on the behav...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1998.31-647
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children with feeding disorders may pack food when they lack the oral-motor skills, the motivation, or both to swallow. Presenting bites on the tongue with a Nuk brush, or redistribution, replacing packed food on the tongue, are two treatments whose relative efficacy is untested. In the current study, we compared the ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.532
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pouched rats were employed as mine-detection animals in a quality-control application where they searched for mines in areas previously processed by a mechanical tiller. The rats located 58 mines and fragments in this 28,050-m(2) area with a false indication rate of 0.4 responses per 100 m(2) . Humans with metal detec...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.214
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recommendation to reserve the most potent reinforcers for unprompted responses during acquisition programming has little published empirical support for its purported benefits (e.g., rapid acquisition, decreased errors, and decreased prompt dependence). The purpose of the current investigation was to compare the d...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2009.42-327
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::One- and two-way analysis-of-variance procedures are shown logically to be appropriate for testing hypotheses in successive treatment reversal designs for one-subject and N-subject experiments, respectively. The applicability of these designs is demonstrated through analyses of typical data. ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1972.5-193
更新日期:1972-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The preschool life skills (PLS) program (Hanley, Heal, Tiger, & Ingvarsson, 2007; Luczynski & Hanley, 2013) involves teaching social skills as a means of decreasing and preventing problem behavior. However, achieving durable outcomes as children transition across educational settings depend on the generalization and l...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.128
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reduced the disruptive behaviors of students in two elementary physical education classes: a regular fourth-grade class comprised of 30 students and an alternative education class containing 14 fourth- and fifth-grade boys with severe behavior problems. Using a multiple baseline design, we introduced a modi...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1990.23-353
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We discuss Belke and Spetch's (1994) work on choice between reliable and unreliable reinforcement. The studies by Belke and Spetch extend a line of basic research demonstrating that under certain experimental conditions in a concurrent chains procedure, pigeons prefer an alternative that produces unreliable reinforcem...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1995.28-389
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental evaluations of behavioral staff management procedures usually have been limited to relatively small-scale demonstration studies. We evaluated a large-scale, long-term application of a staff management program designed to improve the functional utility of educational services for severely handicapped perso...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.1987.20-139
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patient disruption during dental visits can impede treatment and may result in invasive approaches to care. The current study evaluated the efficacy of graduated exposure with and without extinction to decrease disruption during dental treatment for 4 young men with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Modified functional ...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jaba.747
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the extent to which discriminative stimuli (S(D)s) facilitate differential responding during multielement functional analyses. Eight individuals, all diagnosed with mental retardation and referred for assessment and treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB) or aggression, participated. Functional analyse...
journal_title:Journal of applied behavior analysis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1901/jaba.2000.33-299
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00