Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The Smokefree Class Competition, the largest school-based smoking prevention programme in Europe, aims to create a class climate that denormalises smoking. An analysis was carried out to assess whether it increases bullying or perception of isolation. METHODS:A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted, with two waves of assessment directly before the start and immediately after the end of the prevention programme. Some 3490 students were recruited from 84 secondary schools in Germany, of whom 3123 students (90%) provided data from both waves. Classes from the intervention group (IG) participated in the Smokefree Class Competition, committing themselves to stay smokefree for a period of 6 months, and self-monitoring their smoking status on a weekly basis. Classes that refrained from smoking were eligible for a prize draw. To test the hypotheses that participation in the competition might foster bullying, we measured students' self report of (1) being victimised, (2) engaging in bullying and (3) being isolated. RESULTS:There was a strong association between daily smoking and higher odds of bullying others at baseline (adjusted proportional OR 4.66; 95% CI 3.38 to 6.43). No significant pre-post differences across treatment assignment groups were found on any bullying measure using generalised linear latent and mixed models. For being isolated, the trends suggested that the programme, if anything, fostered lower levels of isolation at follow-up, especially for those who perceived high levels of isolation at baseline. CONCLUSION:Participation in the intervention had no effect on bullying or perceptions of isolation. TRIAL REG NO: ISRCTN27091233 in Current Control Trial Register.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Hanewinkel R,Isensee B,Maruska K,Sargent JD,Morgenstern Mdoi
10.1136/jech.2009.089185subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-03-01 00:00:00pages
202-8issue
3eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738pii
jech.2009.089185journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The extent to which patients undergoing elective surgery for orthopaedic disorders were incapacitated for work while they were on the waiting list and whether they were able to return to work after surgery were studied. DESIGN:This was a prospective cohort study of patients admitted to hospital for ele...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.47.5.388
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Home Office has recently published estimates which, for the first time, provide a "robust national estimate" of the number of problematic drug users in England. The 2004/05 and 2005/06 estimates are the highest estimates ever produced for England and coincide with the highest ever government annual expen...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.076844
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Rose Angina Questionnaire (RAQ) was constructed in the 1960s for assessing the population burden of angina. Studies have found that screening positivity by RAQ conferred an elevated risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). It is, however, not clear to what extent Rose angina represents early CHD in relative...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2013-203642
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The perinatal mortality rates of mothers who delivered at St. Thomas's Hospital from 1969 to 1976 have been examined. The rate in the West Indian population was significant higher than in the United Kingdom white population. The increased West Indian mortality was confined to infants with a birth weight of more than 2...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.36.1.22
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although physical activity is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL), the nature of the dose-response relationship remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:To examine the concurrent and prospective dose-response relationships between total physical activity (TPA) and (only) walking with HRQL in two age co...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2011-200850
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis in a homeless population in London and to assess whether those with suspected disease could be integrated into the existing health care system for further follow up and treatment. DESIGN:Voluntary screening programme based on a questionnaire s...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.49.6.629
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:While social disparities in mortality have been shown in the majority of high-income countries, research on inequalities in the German population is still limited. This applies especially to studies investigating time trends in social inequalities with respect to life expectancy. The aim of this study is to ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2019-212966
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The acceptability of domestic violence against women (DVAW) plays an important part in shaping the social environment in which the victims are embedded, which in turn may contribute either to perpetuate or to reduce the levels of DVAW in our societies. This study analyses correlates of the acceptability...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.036533
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to explore the impact of mid-life income and old-age pensions on the risk of mortality in later life. Furthermore, the study explored whether income inequalities in old-age mortality can be explained by differences in early childhood development, social class during childhood, educa...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2010.131177
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the relation between socioeconomic status and the age-sex specific prevalence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The hypothesis was that prevalence of type 2 diabetes would be inversely related to socioeconomic status but there would be no association with the prevalence of type 1 diabetes a...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.54.3.173
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Socioeconomic differences in health are a major challenge for public health. However, realistic estimates to what extent they are modifiable are scarce. This problem can be met through the systematic application of the population attributable fraction (PAF) to socioeconomic health inequalities. METHODS:The ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2011-200886
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare group classification of cardiovascular risk by two compound laboratory indices with classification according to the serum total cholesterol concentration alone. DESIGN:Healthy employees were defined as low and high cardiovascular risk subjects according to their total cholesterol concentration or ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.48.4.338
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lower blood folate levels have been associated with depression in cross-sectional surveys, but no studies have examined the relationship prospectively to determine whether the relationship is causal. A follow-up study was designed to examine whether lower blood folate levels predict incident depressive sympt...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.2007.069765
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates declined in Europe between 2004 and 2010. We hypothesised that declines might be greater for countries with higher mortality in 2004 and disproportionally affect very preterm infants at highest risk. METHODS:Data about live births, stillbirths and neonatal deaths by g...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2015-207013
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To determine the incidence of cancer among homeless men in Glasgow. DESIGN:Descriptive study of cancer incidence in a defined, though individually unidentifiable, population cohort. SETTING:Glasgow and the West of Scotland Region. PARTICIPANTS:Male residents of 10 hostels for the single homeless in G...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.51.6.668
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Two main theoretical models have been used to assess the impact of psychosocial work factors on blood pressure (BP): the demand-control (DC) model and the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model. Previous studies have mostly used a single time point exposure to examine this association. OBJECTIVE:To examine the...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204914
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In India, excess female under-5 mortality is well documented. Under-5 mortality is also known to be patterned by socioeconomic factors. This study examines sex differentials and sex-specific wealth gradients in neonatal, postneonatal and child mortality in India. METHODS:Repeated cross-sectional study of na...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211569
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine, for abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery, whether a previously reported relationship between hospital case volume and mortality rate was observed in Ontario hospitals and to assess the potential impact of age on the mortality rate for elective surgery. DESIGN:Population based observational study u...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.50.2.207
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To elucidate whether the risk of macrosomia, large for gestational age (LGA) and small for gestational age (SGA) is influenced by maternal body mass index and glucose tolerance differently in male and female fetuses. METHODS:A population study was conducted in 16 general hospitals from the Spanish National H...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.074542
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Earlier investigations have shown mortality effects of community socio-economic resources. However, the sex differences have not been clear, and the estimates may well have been biased because of inadequate control for community factors affecting both the socio-economic resources and mortality. The objective...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.081034
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study of selenium status in 391 apparently healthy subjects resident in the south of England statistical examination of the data showed a significant effect with regard to age, smoking, alcohol, and oral contraceptives. The most important of these factors seems to be a combination of alcohol and smoking habits in...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.37.3.213
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Research on ethnic differentials in mortality in England and Wales has focused on immigrants because, until now, studies collecting data on ethnicity have not covered sufficient deaths to investigate the subject. International migrants are selected for good health and tend to have low mortality. METHODS:We ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2012-202265
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to analyse occupational mortality differences among women using follow up data from a large nationally representative sample. DESIGN:Occupational information was obtained from the 1971 census records of women in the Longitudinal Study carried out by the Office of Population Censuses and Sur...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.45.2.117
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This paper aims at assessing the effectiveness of the package of road safety measures implemented after road safety was included in the political agenda in the year 2004 on the number of road traffic-injured people in Spain. METHODS:An evaluation study was performed using an interrupted time-series design. ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.094029
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To estimate the relative health effects of the income and health insurance provisions of the Los Angeles City living wage ordinance. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:About 10 000 employees of city contractors are subject to the Los Angeles City living wage ordinance, which establishes an annually adjusted mini...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2004.028142
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of growth during infancy and childhood on blood pressure in adolescence. DESIGN:Birth cohort study. SETTING:Pelotas, southern Brazil. PARTICIPANTS:749 adolescents with complete information on birth weight and gestational age, as well as on anthropometric data at all three follow up vis...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.57.3.226
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective questionnaire and interview study of 10 year survivors of uncomplicated myocardial infarction examined smoking, diet, exercise, weight, medication, and treatment since discharge from hospital in 1973-4 and made comparisons with controls (using the same questionnaire) and with normal populations (as rep...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.40.2.103
更新日期:1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality risk is lower in married than in unmarried men and women. However, little is known about the association between mortality and relationship status in South Africa where marriage rates are low, migration is common, many couples are not co-resident and HIV prevalence is high. METHOD:Using demographi...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-205408
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent tsunami and nuclear disaster on 11 March 2011 had a short-term influence on the increase in emergency department visits and hospital admissions due to various diseases. However, it remains unclear whether the earthquake and tsunami disaster affected the long-ter...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2016-207413
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate whether coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is equally provided among different socioeconomic status (SES) groups in accordance with need. To estimate the association between SES and mortality occurring 30 days after CABG surgery. DESIGN:Individual socioeconomic index assigned with respe...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.54.12.930
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00