Abstract:
PURPOSE:To determine whether nonglaucomatous optic disc cupping in children violates the ISNT rule (which states that for normal optic discs the neuroretinal rim width is greatest in the order inferior >or= superior >or= nasal >or= temporal). METHODS:Digital ocular fundus photographs from a random cohort of children with large optic disc cups of nonglaucomatous origin were analyzed in masked fashion by using computer graphic software. The diameter and perimeter of each optic disc and optic cup and the width of the neuroretinal rim were drawn and measured. Measurements were compared to a random cohort of normal pediatric optic discs. RESULTS:The ISNT rule was intact in 9 (16%) of 55 eyes of nonpremature children with nonglaucomatous cupping, in 6 (21%) of 28 eyes of children with a history of prematurity and nonglaucomatous cupping, and in 35 (73%) of 48 eyes with normal discs. CONCLUSIONS:Violation of the ISNT rule occurs with greater frequency in the pediatric population with large optic disc cups of nonglaucomatous origin, compared with the pediatric population with normal optic discs. In discs with small cups, neuroretinal rim width conforms to the overall oval shape of the disc, which is usually greatest in vertical dimension, whereas discs with large cups possess greater variability of relative neuroretinal rim width around the disc, greater relative vertical cup/disc ratio versus horizontal cup/disc ratio, and lower predictability of the ISNT rule.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Pogrebniak AE,Wehrung B,Pogrebniak KL,Shetty RK,Crawford Pdoi
10.1167/iovs.09-3837subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
890-5issue
2eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.09-3837journal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate tumor control efficacy of paclitaxel in the treatment of retinal tumors harbored by the LH beta-Tag murine transgenic model of retinoblastoma. METHODS:LH beta-Tag-positive mice (n = 5) 10 weeks of age received two 20-microL subconjunctival injections delivered with ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.06-0796
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To examine the associations between nighttime driving performance of older drivers and photopic, mesopic, and glare-based tests of visual function. Methods:Participants included 26 older drivers (71.8 ± 6.3 years), with minimal or no eye disease, but who reported vision-related nighttime driving difficulties. ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-21219
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To evaluate spontaneous and evoked ocular sensory responses in rats after denervation of the lacrimal gland, as well as protein changes in tears that may mediate functional changes. Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats served as subjects. The left lacrimal gland was partially denervated with saporin toxin conjugated to...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-25267
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To elucidate the role of signals mediated by EphB4 receptor tyrosine kinase and its transmembrane ephrinB2 ligand in corneal lymphatic capillaries. METHODS:To detect expression of ephrinB2 and EphB4 in mouse corneas, immunohistochemistry of flat-mount corneas from 6- to 10-week-old wild-type, Efnb2-lacZ, and E...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-11436
更新日期:2013-06-12 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To validate the Liverpool Uveal Melanoma Prognosticator Online (LUMPO) in a cohort of patients treated at the University of California-San Francisco (UCSF). Methods:A retrospective chart review was performed of 390 patients treated between 2002 and 2007 for choroidal melanoma at UCSF. Similar patients (n = 117...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19654
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Ca(2+) is a major regulator of cell function. In the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) is essential for the maintenance of normal retinal function. Therefore, accurate control of [Ca(2+)](i) is vital in these cells. Because Ca(2+) is permanently extruded fro...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0412
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We investigated the mechanism of tamoxifen (TAM) retinotoxicity using human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)-derived (ARPE-19) and photoreceptor-derived (661W) cells. METHODS:Cultured ARPE-19 and 661W cells were treated with 5 to 10 μM TAM, and the resultant cell death was quantified using lactate dehydrogenas...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.12-9827
更新日期:2012-08-09 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Dietary supplementation with vitamin A is sometimes prescribed as a treatment for retinitis pigmentosa, a group of inherited retinal degenerations that cause progressive blindness. Loss-of-function mutations in the ABCA4 gene are responsible for a subset of recessive retinitis pigmentosa. Other mutant alleles o...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-1470
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility that all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) in the eye is a signal related to changes in scleral extracellular matrix in a primate model of postnatal eye growth. METHODS:Juvenile marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) were divided into two experimental groups based on the...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0298
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Age-related nuclear cataracts involve denaturation and aggregation of intracellular proteins. We have documented age-dependent changes in membrane transport in the mouse lens to see what might initiate changes in the intracellular milieu. METHODS:Microelectrode-based intracellular impedance studies of intact l...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12593
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To analyze retinal and choroidal microvasculature in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods:In this case-control retrospective observational study, patients with atrophic NAION (at least 3 months after onset of sy...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22996
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability of manual measurements of choroidal thickness in healthy subjects imaged on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) using the enhanced depth imaging (EDI) technique. METHODS:Fifty consecutive, healthy, young, adult volunteers with no known e...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6024
更新日期:2011-04-08 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To determine whether combining quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters can achieve high sensitivity and specificity to distinguish eyes with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) from those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) as well as eyes with diabetes and no ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24142
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the efficacy of a new formulation of topical dexamethasone 0.1%/povidone-iodine 0.4% (FST-100) in reducing clinical symptoms and infectious viral titers in a rabbit model of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis. METHODS:Rabbit corneas were inoculated bilaterally with 2×10(6) plaque-forming-units (PFU) ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5944
更新日期:2011-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Melanocyte is the major cell component in the uvea. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine. The authors studied the expression of IL-6 in cultured human uveal melanocytes (UMs) and their modulation by IL-1β and explored the relevant signal pathways. METHODS:Conditioned media and cells were collected ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6908
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To ablate retina and vitreous membranes using the 193-nm argon fluoride excimer laser in a fluid medium. METHODS:A special delivery system for the 193-nm excimer laser was developed that enabled the delivery of the laser into high-absorption liquid environments. The system was tested on the retina in an in vit...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The temporal modulation sensitivity function was studied in eight strabismic and/or anisometropic amblyopes and in two subjects with amblyopia resulting from monocular stimulus deprivation (cataract and ptosis). Half of the strabismic/anisometropic amblyopes showed a reduction in the sensitivity of the amblyopic eye. ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To demonstrate the effect of glaucoma on the optical attenuation coefficient of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) images. METHODS:We analyzed images of the peripapillary areas in 10 healthy and 30 glaucomatous eyes (mild, moderate, and advanced glauco...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8436
更新日期:2012-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:High concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin are neurotoxic and cause brain damage in newborn infants. However, the exact level of bilirubin that may be neurotoxic in a given infant is unknown. The aim of this study was to use a quantitative measure of neural activity, the swept parameter visual evoked potenti...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14261
更新日期:2014-09-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether the size and configuration of the optic chiasm in humans with albinism is different from that in normal control subjects. METHODS:Seventeen patients and 15 control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the entire head. Images were reformatted to the chiasm region and analyzed wi...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0156
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors created a new rabbit model for keratoconjunctivitis sicca by cauterizing the lacrimal gland excretory duct and surgically removing the nictitating membrane and harderian gland. Although the slit-lamp examination findings remained normal for the first 8 wk postoperatively, tear-film osmolarity was elevated ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The degeneration of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is considered to be a crucial event in the pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Cumulative oxidative damage has been implicated in the development of the changes seen in AMD. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the express...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine, with the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT), the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness among patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) of different degrees of disease severity. METHODS:One eye in each of 25 RP patients was included. All patients underwent complete ocular e...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0404
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To use laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) to assess blood flow (BF) in the optic nerve head (ONH) tissue and choroid during elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods:This prospective study included 20 eyes of 20 healthy volunteers. The testing protocol had a baseline phase, two elevated IOP phases (+10 and +20...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-23872
更新日期:2018-07-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To improve the interpretation of Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter (HRF; Heidelberg Engineering GmBH, Dosselheim, Germany) flow maps by examining the influence of specific vascular structures and focus depth in the presence and absence of retinal blood flow. METHODS:HRF flow maps were recorded from the inferior reti...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0772
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A monoclonal antibody has been produced that binds to the apical squames (flattened cells) of the rat ocular surface epithelium and to the goblet cells of the conjunctiva. Immunoelectron microscopic localization of the antigen indicates that in apical cells it is present along the apical-microplical membrane in the re...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To optimize a nonviral gene transfection system targeting the corneal limbal stem/progenitor cells. METHODS:A plasmid containing LacZ gene coding for beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) was transfected into human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and multilineage progenitor cells (MLPCs) with different transfection r...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-1263
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine transforming growth factor (TGF) beta effects on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) as a potential cause of the blood-retinal barrier breakdown at the onset of angiogenesis. Previously, glial cells were shown to play a role in the angiogenesis process and to express the angiogenic regulating factor T...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Under certain pathophysiologic conditions, the corneal endothelium can produce an abnormal posterior collagenous layer (PCL) that reduces light transmission. Previous studies suggest that formation of PCLs can result from transformation of endothelial cells to a proliferative myofibroblast phenotype. The purpos...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of mitomycin C (MMC) on the number of keratocytes and the proliferation of fibroblasts after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and exposure to ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation. METHODS:The right eyes of New Zealand White rabbits in Groups 1, 2, and 3 (n = 18 each) underwent PRK to co...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0070
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00