A yeast artificial chromosome containing the mouse homeobox cluster Hox-2.

abstract：:Photochemical release (uncaging) of bioactive messengers with three-dimensional spatial resolution in light-scattering media would be greatly facilitated if the photolysis could be powered by pairs of IR photons rather than the customary single UV photons. The quadratic dependence on light intensity would confine the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Furuta T,Wang SS,Dantzker JL,Dore TM,Bybee WJ,Callaway EM,Denk W,Tsien RY

更新日期：1999-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1.1 Å, ultrahigh resolution neutron structure of hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchanged crambin is reported. Two hundred ninety-nine out of 315, or 94.9%, of the hydrogen atom positions in the protein have been experimentally derived and resolved through nuclear density maps. A number of unconventional interactions ar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen JC,Hanson BL,Fisher SZ,Langan P,Kovalevsky AY

更新日期：2012-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological membranes are highly dynamic and complex lipid bilayers, responsible for the fate of living cells. To achieve this function, the hydrating environment is crucial. However, membrane imaging typically neglects water, focusing on the insertion of probes, resonant responses of lipids, or the hydrophobic core. O...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tarun OB,Hannesschläger C,Pohl P,Roke S

更新日期：2018-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of what is a perceptual object is one of the most central and also controversial issues in cognitive science. According to the topological approach to perceptual organization, the core intuitive notion of an object--the holistic identity preserved over shape-changing transformations--may be characterized ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou K,Luo H,Zhou T,Zhuo Y,Chen L

更新日期：2010-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammalian brains, multielectrode recordings during sensory stimulation have revealed oscillations in different cortical areas that are transiently synchronous. These synchronizations have been hypothesized to support integration of sensory information or represent the operation of attentional mechanisms, but their ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prechtl JC

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:By use of the indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex immunocytochemical technique, antibody to purified human renal renin was applied to formalin-fixed paraffin sections of human cadaver brain. Immune reaction products were observed in most nerve cells in all areas of the brain examined; staining was limited to th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Slater EE,Defendini R,Zimmerman EA

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) mediates several biological actions, including relaxation of blood vessels, cytotoxicity of activated macrophages, and formation of cGMP by activation of glutamate receptors in cerebellar slices. Nitric oxide synthase (EC 1.14.23.-) immunoreactivity is colocalized with nicotinamide adenine di-nucleot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dawson VL,Dawson TM,London ED,Bredt DS,Snyder SH

更新日期：1991-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrational modes in mechanical resonators provide a promising candidate to interface and manipulate classical and quantum information. The observation of coherent dynamics between distant mechanical resonators can be a key step toward scalable phonon-based applications. Here we report tunable coherent phonon dynamics...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang ZZ,Song XX,Luo G,Su ZJ,Wang KL,Cao G,Li HO,Xiao M,Guo GC,Tian L,Deng GW,Guo GP

更新日期：2020-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:A major protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase 1B) has been isolated in essentially homogeneous form from the soluble and particulate fractions of human placenta. Unexpectedly, partial amino acid sequences displayed no homology with the primary structures of the protein Ser/Thr phosphatases deduced from cDNA clones. How...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Charbonneau H,Tonks NK,Walsh KA,Fischer EH

更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells respond to mechanical forces whether applied externally or generated internally via the cytoskeleton. To study the cellular response to forces separately, we applied external forces to cells via microfabricated magnetic posts containing cobalt nanowires interspersed among an array of elastomeric posts, which act...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sniadecki NJ,Anguelouch A,Yang MT,Lamb CM,Liu Z,Kirschner SB,Liu Y,Reich DH,Chen CS

更新日期：2007-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about how members of the indigenous microflora interact with their mammalian hosts to establish mutually beneficial relationships. We have used a gnotobiotic mouse model to show that Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a component of the intestinal microflora of mice and humans, uses a repressor, FucR, as a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hooper LV,Xu J,Falk PG,Midtvedt T,Gordon JI

更新日期：1999-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress can either promote or impair learning and memory. Such opposing effects depend on whether synapses persist or decay after learning. Maintenance of new synapses formed at the time of learning upon neuronal network activation depends on the stress hormone-activated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and neurotrophic fa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arango-Lievano M,Borie AM,Dromard Y,Murat M,Desarmenien MG,Garabedian MJ,Jeanneteau F

更新日期：2019-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks) has been implicated in apoptosis induced by various stimuli. We find that the Fas-induced activation of cdc2 and cdk2 in Jurkat cells is not dependent on protein synthesis, which is shut down very early during apoptosis before caspase-3 activation. Instead, activation ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou BB,Li H,Yuan J,Kirschner MW

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Two strains that overproduce endonuclease III were found in a colony bank containing hybrid ColE1-Escherichia coli plasmids. The enzyme was identified in crude extracts by the degradation of partially depyrimidinated DNA in the presence of EDTA, by its sedimentation velocity, and by its associated thymine glycol-DNA g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cunningham RP,Weiss B

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Remembering is a complex process that involves recalling specific details, such as who you were with when you celebrated your last birthday, as well as contextual information, such as the place where you celebrated. It is well established that the act of remembering enhances long-term retention of the retrieved inform...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jonker TR,Dimsdale-Zucker H,Ritchey M,Clarke A,Ranganath C

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Clean water is paramount to human health. In this article, we present a technique for detection of trace amounts of human or animal waste products in water using fluorescence emission cavity-enhanced spectroscopy. The detection of femtomolar concentrations of urobilin, a metabolic byproduct of heme metabolism that is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bixler JN,Cone MT,Hokr BH,Mason JD,Figueroa E,Fry ES,Yakovlev VV,Scully MO

更新日期：2014-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:A recently discovered family of natural anion channelrhodopsins (ACRs) have the highest conductance among channelrhodopsins and exhibit exclusive anion selectivity, which make them efficient inhibitory tools for optogenetics. We report analysis of flash-induced absorption changes in purified wild-type and mutant ACRs,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sineshchekov OA,Li H,Govorunova EG,Spudich JL

更新日期：2016-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In nearly all eukaryotes, at least some individuals inherit mitochondrial and chloroplast genes from only one parent. There is no single mechanism of uniparental inheritance: organelle gene inheritance is blocked by a variety of mechanisms and at different stages of reproduction in different species. Frequent changes ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Birky CW Jr

更新日期：1995-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons in macaque ventral premotor cortex and inferior parietal lobe discharge during both the observation and the execution of motor acts. It has been claimed that these so-called mirror neurons form the basis of action understanding by matching the visual input with the corresponding motor program (direct matching)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lingnau A,Gesierich B,Caramazza A

更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The highly productive coastal Mediterranean fishery off the Nile River delta collapsed after the completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1965. But the fishery has been recovering dramatically since the mid-1980s, coincident with large increases in fertilizer application and sewage discharge in Egypt. We use stable isotope...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oczkowski AJ,Nixon SW,Granger SL,El-Sayed AF,McKinney RA

更新日期：2009-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids leads to numerous products, including 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). That 4-hydroxy-2-alkenal compounds react with sulfhydryl groups of proteins to form thioether adducts possessing a carbonyl function has been established [Schauenstein, E. & Esterbauer, H. (1979) Ciba Found. S...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Uchida K,Stadtman ER

更新日期：1992-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeats containing proteins (NLRs) serve as immune receptors in both plants and animals. Overaccumulation of NLRs often leads to autoimmune responses, suggesting that the levels of these immune receptors must be tightly controlled. However, the mechanism by which NLR prot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheng YT,Li Y,Huang S,Huang Y,Dong X,Zhang Y,Li X

更新日期：2011-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A series of pyrimidine nucleoside analogues containing [2',5'-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3'-spiro-5''-(4''-amino- 1'',2''-oxathiole-2'',2''-dioxide)]-beta-D-ribofuranose as the pentose were found to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 [HIV-1(IIIB)] replication at a concentration of 0.06-0.8 microM but wer...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Balzarini J,Pérez-Pérez MJ,San-Félix A,Schols D,Perno CF,Vandamme AM,Camarasa MJ,De Clercq E

更新日期：1992-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Network theory provides a powerful tool for the representation and analysis of complex systems of interacting agents. Here, we investigate the U.S. House of Representatives network of committees and subcommittees, with committees connected according to "interlocks," or common membership. Analysis of this network revea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porter MA,Mucha PJ,Newman ME,Warmbrand CM

更新日期：2005-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate that single interneurons can toggle the output neurons of the cerebellar cortex (the Purkinje cells) between their two states. The firing of Purkinje cells has previously been shown to alternate between an "up" state in which the cell fires spontaneous action potentials and a silent "down" state. We sho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oldfield CS,Marty A,Stell BM

更新日期：2010-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Dyskeratosis congenita is a rare inherited disorder characterized by abnormal skin manifestations. Morbidity and mortality from this disease is usually due to bone marrow failure, but idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and an increased cancer predisposition also occur. Families with autosomal dominant dyskeratosis congenit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Armanios M,Chen JL,Chang YP,Brodsky RA,Hawkins A,Griffin CA,Eshleman JR,Cohen AR,Chakravarti A,Hamosh A,Greider CW

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:mAbs against tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens have the potential to play a prominent role in cancer immunotherapy. However, it has not been possible to fully exploit the clinical utility of such antibodies primarily, because those of adequate affinity could be derived only from murine sources. To address this pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mao S,Gao C,Lo CH,Wirsching P,Wong CH,Janda KD

更新日期：1999-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The copy number of plasmid ColE1 has been known to increase when the Hae II-C segment downstream from the replication origin is deleted. The presence of the 306-base-pair (bp) Hpa II region in the segment is sufficient for reduction of the copy number. Plasmids harboring the region express a trans-acting function that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Som T,Tomizawa J

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolated developing plastids from greening cucumber cotyledons or from photoperiodically grown pea seedlings incorporated (14)C-labeled 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) into chlorophyll (Chl). Incorporation was light dependent, enhanced by S-adenosylmethionine, and linear for 1 hr. The in vitro rate of Chl synthesis from A...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bhaya D,Castelfranco PA

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate whether caveolin-1 (cav-1) may modulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) function in intact cells, the human intestinal carcinoma cell lines HT29 and DLD1 that have low endogenous cav-1 levels were transfected with cav-1 cDNA. In nontransfected cells, iNOS mRNA and protein levels were increased by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felley-Bosco E,Bender FC,Courjault-Gautier F,Bron C,Quest AF

更新日期：2000-12-19 00:00:00