Abstract:
:When sight-reading a piece of music the eyes constantly scan the score slightly ahead of music execution. This separation between reading and acting is commonly termed eye-hand span and can be expressed in two ways: as anticipation in notes or in time. Previous research, predominantly in piano players, found skill-dependent differences of eye-hand span. To date no study has explored visual anticipation in violinists. The present study investigated how structural properties of a piece of music affect the eye-hand span in a group of violinists. To this end eye movements and bow reversals were recorded synchronously while musicians sight-read a piece of music. The results suggest that structural differences of the score are reflected in the eye-hand span in a way similar to skill level. Specifically, the piece with higher complexity was associated with lower anticipation in notes, longer fixation duration and a tendency for more regressive fixations. Anticipation in time, however, remained the same (approximately 1 s) independently of the score played but was correlated with playing tempo. We conclude that the eye-hand span is not only influenced by the experience of the musician, but also by the structure of the score to be played.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Wurtz P,Mueri RM,Wiesendanger Mdoi
10.1007/s00221-009-1719-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-04-01 00:00:00pages
445-50issue
3eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
194pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Excess thyroid hormone at an early stage of development produces marked neurochemical and morphological alterations in the rat hippocampal formation. In order to better understand the functional significance of these changes, we tested adult rats treated neonatally with triiodothyronine (T3), and their control litter ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231740
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Descending vestibular pathways have been shown to influence recruitment thresholds of alpha motoneurones in both human and cat. However, whereas parallel connections to the fusimotor system have been shown in the cat, such connections have not yet been demonstrated in humans. In the present study we investigated wheth...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0836-5
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electrophysiological responses of 162 tectal cells to computer-generated visual stimuli were extracellularly recorded from 24 homing pigeons before and after injecting either lidocaine or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) into the nucleus isthmi pars magnocellularis (Imc) or the nucleus isthmi pars parvocellularis (Ipc)...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231973
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A contrast reversal (alternating phase) stimulus was used to study the responses of 150 retinal ganglion cells from 15 adult cats. Because the majority of the cells did not show perfect linear spatial summation, a ratio of the firing rates at two time periods was used to express the degree of nonlinearity. Y-cells sho...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236782
更新日期:1979-03-09 00:00:00
abstract::Pieces of the developing cerebellar anlage were prepared from 13-15 day old rat embryos and transplanted to the cerebellar region of 5-7 and 13-14 day old rat pups. Approximately two months later, sections showed most grafts to consist of both cerebellar cortex, with a typical trilaminar organization, and white matter...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237288
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD) on the linear vestibulo-ocular reflex (LVOR) was studied in 11 humans an average of 52 months following surgical UVD. Controls consisted of seven healthy age-matched subjects. The LVOR was evoked by directionally random, transient whole body interaural (heave) ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-2089-5
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The representation of the two eyes in striate cortex (V1) of Cebus monkeys was studied by electrophysiological single-unit recordings in normal animals and by morphometric analysis of the pattern of ocular dominance (OD) stripes, as revealed by cytochrome oxidase histochemistry in V1 flat-mounts of enucleated animals....
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02259100
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When humans pursue motion stimuli composed of alternating constant velocity segments of randomised duration (RD), they nevertheless initiate anticipatory eye deceleration before stimulus direction changes at a pre-programmed time based on averaging prior stimulus timing. We investigated, in both the time and frequency...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2725-9
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recorded from 389 "reach" neurons (two monkeys) in the superior colliculus (SC) and underlying reticular formation (RF) or adjacent periaqueductal grey, whose activity was related to visually guided arm movements. Reach neurons were present from approximately 0.7 mm down to a depth of 6 mm below the surface of the ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005691
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated the importance of both kinesthetic and auditory feedback for control of voice fundamental frequency (F0). In the present study, a possible interaction between auditory feedback and kinesthetic feedback for control of voice F0 was tested by administering local anesthetic to the vocal ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1330-z
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We introduce a method for quantification of movement sway--spontaneous migrations of the center of pressure (COP) during its voluntary shifts. Subjects stood on a force platform or on a board with a narrow support surface ("unstable board") and performed voluntary cyclic shifts of the COP at different frequencies. Mov...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1419-3
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to precisely time events is essential for both perception and action. There is evidence that the cerebellum is important for the neural representation of time in a variety of behaviors including time perception, the tapping of specific time intervals, and eye-blink conditioning. It has been difficult to as...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-007-0857-8
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feedback about error or reward is regarded essential for aiding learners to acquire a perceptual-motor skill. Yet, when a task has redundancy and the mapping between execution and performance outcome is unknown, simple error feedback does not suffice in guiding the learner toward the optimal solutions. The present stu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4251-7
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of the rat hindlimb during treadmill stepping was studied in normal adult rats and in rats in which cerebellar development was interfered with by early-postnatal focal X-irradiation. Based on cinematographic and electromyographic data from over 100 step cycles in 15 normal rats, correlations were made bet...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236145
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of fatigue, induced by a 60-s maximal isometric force production with the index finger, on multi-finger coordination and force production by the other fingers of the hand. Finger forces were measured during single- and multi-finger maximal voluntary force production (MVC) at two sites, the middl...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210100698
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eye and head movements in the horizontal, frontal and sagittal planes were recorded in the rabbit with a newly developed technique using dual scleral search coils in a rotating magnetic field. The compensatory eye movements elicited by passive sinusoidal oscillation deteriorated for frequencies below 0.1 Hz in the hor...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236282
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The companion article (Sholomenko et al. 1991) described the brainstem locomoter regions in the bird where direct intracerebral injection of a number of putative excitatory neurochemicals, including cholinergic agonists, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and Substance P, evoke locomotion. Using the same experimental protoco...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231753
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Static and dynamic otolith, horizontal vestibular and optokinetic ocular reflexes were investigated in pigmented rats 1-6 and more months after unilateral vestibular nerve (UVN) section. Evoked responses were compared with published data from control rats studied under identical conditions. Static lateral tilt of UVN ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050287
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) in mediating vagal cardiopulmonary (Bezold-Jarisch reflex) reflex activity was studied in urethane-anaesthetized rats. Unilateral electrolytic lesion of the CVLM markedly attenuated Bezold-Jarisch reflex responses (hypotension and bradycardia) elicited by intra...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00230698
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies reported that the activity of trigeminal motoneurons innervating masseter muscles is modulated by vestibular inputs. We performed the present study to provide an anatomical substrate for these physiological observations. The transynaptic retrograde tracer pseudorabies virus-Bartha was injected into mu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0275-8
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The egocentric localization of objects in extrapersonal space requires that the retinal and extraretinal signals specifying the gaze direction be simultaneously processed. The question as to whether the extraretinal signal is of central or peripheral origin is still a matter of controversy, however. Three experiments ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00229419
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dorsomedial frontal cortex (DMFC) was studied in monkeys trained to make visually guided eye or arm movements. Portions of DMFC are involved in the execution of learned, goal-directed behaviors. Many neurons discharge with both eye and hand movements as well as when motor responses are withheld, provided these behavio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247300
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats kept in the dark (i.e., less than 0.1 lux) from birth until 15 days were exposed to light. In vivo incorporation of 14C-leucine into acid insoluble material and in vitro aminoacylation of tRNAleu were studied in visual, somaesthetic and motor brain cortices. A significant increase of both 14C-leucine incorporatio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00239035
更新日期:1977-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::The tectofugal pathway in birds has been reported to process primarily information from the contralateral eye. Although this pathway has access to the contralateral hemisphere by various connections, electrophysiological recordings up to now have failed to demonstrate any excitatory influence of visual stimulation in ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00271850
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rats under alpha-chloralose or without general anesthesia the effect of a lateral olfactory tract stimulus on the caudate nucleus electric activity was explored by bipolar macroelectrodes. The stimulation effectiveness and the reactivity of recording sites to somatic stimuli were systematically tested. Under these ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237049
更新日期:1977-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Attention to sensory stimulation modulates behavioural responses and cortical activity. Attention to movement can also modulate motor responses. For example, directing attention away from cued movements can increase reaction times. This study used fMRI to determine where in the motor cortex attention to movement modul...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-001-0905-8
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies demonstrated a higher accuracy in perception and action when using more than one sense. The maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) model offers a recent approach on how perceptual information is integrated across different sensory modalities suggesting statistically optimal integration. The purpose of the pr...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2099-4
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haptic guidance has been shown to have both facilitatory and interfering effects on motor learning. Interfering effects have been hypothesized to result from the particular dynamic environment, which supports a passive role of the learner, and they should be attenuated by fading guidance. Facilitatory effects, in part...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3914-0
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our recent work has revealed that visuospatial working memory (VSWM) relates to the rate of explicit motor sequence learning (Bo and Seidler in J Neurophysiol 101:3116-3125, 2009) and implicit sequence performance (Bo et al. in Exp Brain Res 214:73-81, 2011a) in young adults (YA). Although aging has a detrimental impa...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3189-2
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The thalamic reticular nucleus (RTN) exerts an inhibitory influence upon the dorsal thalamus. During wakefulness and arousal, RTN neurons fire tonically, whereas during slow-wave sleep they fire rhythmic high frequency bursts. The effects produced by RTN inhibition upon the activity of dorsal thalamic neurons will the...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227192
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00