Abstract:
:Some patients with ascites due to liver cirrhosis become no longer responsive to diuretics. Once other causes of ascites such as portal vein thrombosis, malignancy or infection and non-compliance with medications and low sodium diet have been excluded, the diagnosis of refractory ascites can be made based on strict criteria. Patients with refractory ascites have very poor prognosis and therefore referral for consideration for liver transplantation should be initiated. Search for reversible components of the underlying liver pathology should be undertaken and targeted therapy, when available, should be considered. Currently, serial large volume paracentesis (LVP) and transjugular intrahepatic portasystemic stent-shunt (TIPS) are the two mainstay treatment options for refractory ascites. Other treatment options are available but not widely used either because they carry high morbidity and mortality (most surgical options) rates, or are new interventions that have shown promise but still need further evaluation. In this comprehensive review, we describe the evaluation and management of patients with refractory ascites from the prospective of the practicing physician.
journal_name
World J Gastroenteroljournal_title
World journal of gastroenterologyauthors
Senousy BE,Draganov PVdoi
10.3748/wjg.15.67subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-07 00:00:00pages
67-80issue
1eissn
1007-9327issn
2219-2840journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::This review is part three of three and will present an update on the therapeutic options and procedures concerning gastrointestinal (GI) submucosal tumors (SMTs). The aim of this paper is to investigate the treatments of GI SMTs and to present a case of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Literature searches were...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i24.3316
更新日期:2007-06-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To identify a small, clinically applicable immunohistochemistry (IHC) panel that could be combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-detected extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) for assessment of prognosis concerning the non-advanced rectal cancer patients prior to operation. METHODS:About 329 patients with pa...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i38.8576
更新日期:2016-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::The thrombophilia in adult life has major implications in the hepatic vessels. The resulting portal vein thrombosis has various outcomes and complications. Esophageal varices, portal gastropathy, ascites, severe hypersplenism and liver failure needing liver transplantation are known well. The newly formed collateral v...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i18.2535
更新日期:2007-05-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate whether continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) in different filtration rate to eliminate cytokines would result in different efficiency in acute pancreatitis, whether the saturation time of filter membrane was related to different filtration rate, and whether the onset time of CVVH could influe...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i31.4815
更新日期:2005-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::H. pylori is probably the most prevalent human pathogen worldwide. Since it was initially suggested in 1983 by Marshall and Warren to be implicated in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori has also been implicated in gastric carcinoma and was classified as a class I carcinogen. In the last two decades, a notew...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v12.i35.5599
更新日期:2006-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::AIM:To observe the tumor inhibitory effects by transfecting IL-6 cDNA into colon cancer cell line HT-29 with retroviral vector pZIP cDNA.METHODS:Human IL-6 gene was reconstructed in retrovirus vector and transfected into incasing cells PA317 by lipofectamine mediated method, the clones of the cells transferred with hI...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v6.i1.89
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the relationship between exercise-provoked esophageal motility disorders and the prognosis for patients with chest pain. METHODS:The study involved 63 subjects with recurrent angina-like chest pain non-responsive to empirical therapy with proton pump inhibitor (PPI). In all, a coronary artery angiog...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i35.4428
更新日期:2010-09-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To explore dysregulation of c-fos in several human malignancies, and to further investigate the role of c-fos in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-induced gastric precancerosis. METHODS:Four-week-old male Mongolian gerbils were employed in the study. 0.5 mL 1X10(8) cfu/L suspension of H. pylori NCTC 11 637 in Brucel...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v9.i3.521
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated systemic condition evoked by ingestion of gluten and related prolamines in genetically susceptible subjects. The disease is featured by a variable combination of clinical signs, specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy. Vaccination is the most poten...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i18.3205
更新日期:2017-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most common cause of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mainly as a result of chronic necroinflammatory liver disease. A characteristic feature of chronic hepatitis B infection, alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is he...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i32.4295
更新日期:2007-08-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the cleansing efficacy and safety of a new Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) bowel preparation regimen. METHODS:This was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled study comparing two CCE regimens. Subjects were asymptomatic and average risk for colorectal cancer. The second generation CCE system (Pi...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i48.8615
更新日期:2017-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional information interaction system between the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract, in which gut microbiota plays a key role. The gut microbiota forms a complex network with the enteric nervous system, the autonomic nervous system, and the neuroendocrine and ne...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i40.6141
更新日期:2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate whether the cytokine responses in liver and serum differ in chronic hepatitis C patients with normal and high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. METHODS:Thirty-three (16 with normal ALT level as group 1 and 17 with elevated ALT level as group 2) patients infected with genotype 1b hepatitis C virus ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i45.7188
更新日期:2005-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a group of diseases with excess fat in liver in the absence of a poorly defined limit of alcohol consumption. Most common variety, a universal public health problem, is associated with insulin resistance caused by a host of genetic and epigenetic defects modulated by life st...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.14.831
更新日期:2008-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Liver transplantation has emerged as a life-saving treatment for several patients with acute liver failure, end stage liver disease and primary hepatic malignancies. However, long term immunosuppressive therapy aiming to reduce the risk of transplant rejection increases the incidence of several complications including...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i39.11034
更新日期:2015-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the outcomes of treatments for complications after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) in Korean patients with ulcerative colitis. METHODS:Between March 1998 and February 2013, 72 patients (28 male and 44 female, median age 43.0 years ± 14.0 years) underwent total proctocolectomy with IPAA. The stud...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7488
更新日期:2014-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been recognized to be both a hepato- and lymphotropic virus. HCV lymphotropism represents an essential lap in the pathogenesis of virus-related autoimmune and lymphoproliferative disorders, ranging from clonal expansion of B-cells with organ- and non-organ-specific autoantibody production u...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.3748/wjg.15.2305
更新日期:2009-05-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate when Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy (ET) should be started in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). METHODS:Clinical data concerning adults hospitalized with PUB were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Age, sex, type and stage of peptic ulcer, whether endoscopic therapy w...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i8.2497
更新日期:2015-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the pathological effect of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) on human hepatic cells, proteomic methods were used to find and to identify proteins that were overexpressed in HepG2 cells treated by H pylori. METHODS:H pylori was co-cultured with HepG2 for 6 h. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i22.3485
更新日期:2005-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Arthrogryposis, renal dysfunction and cholestasis (ARC) syndrome (OMIM 208085) is an autosomal recessive disorder that is caused by mutations in 2 interacting genes VPS33B and VIPAS39. Mutations in VPS33B gene account for most cases of ARC. As low or normal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity has been describ...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i16.4830
更新日期:2014-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::We report a rare case of a 68-year-old male with metachronous pancreatic metastasis that was resected 2 years after salvage esophagectomy for local recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Two years and 8 mo ago, he had undergone definitive chemoradiotherapy for the lower thoracic ESCC and achieved a c...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i2.593
更新日期:2014-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the causes of missed diagnosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) in Chongqing, China. METHODS:The present study summarizes 103 cases of EGC/HGIN detected by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and pathological analysis from January 2010 to December 2011. Dimet...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i13.2092
更新日期:2013-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple pathogenic mechanisms have been implicated in autoimmune hepatitis, but they have not fully explained susceptibility, triggering events, and maintenance or escalation of the disease. Furthermore, they have not identified a critical defect that can be targeted. The goals of this review are to examine the diver...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i45.6579
更新日期:2019-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the frequency of occult hepatitis B, the clinical course of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and reverse seroconversion and associated risk factors in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. METHODS:This study was conducted in 90 patients undergoing autologous HSCT....
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v16.i14.1765
更新日期:2010-04-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unknown, but it is believed to be multifactorial. The hygiene hypothesis proposes that better hygiene conditions would lead to less infectious disease during childhood and favor the development of immune-mediated diseases. AIM:To test the hygiene hypothesi...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v26.i25.3611
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To study the induction of T cellular immune responses in BALB/c mice immunized with uric acid and dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). METHODS:DCs were generated from bone-marrow cells of BABL/c mice, and then pulsed or unpulsed with HBsAg protein (HBsAg-pulsed-DCs or unpuls...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i7.1060
更新日期:2007-02-21 00:00:00
abstract::We report an extremely rare case where a mesenchymal differentiation, especially embryonal sarcoma, was demonstrated in cholangiocarcinoma. At autopsy, a yellowish-white tumor (15 cm x 12 cm) was found in the right hepatic lobe, and there were several daughter nodules in both hepatic lobes. Histologically, most of the...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i5.809
更新日期:2007-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) is a type of serrated polyp of the colorectum and is thought to be a precancerous lesion. There are three types of serrated polyps, namely, hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, and TSAs. TSA is the least common of the three types and accounts for about 5% of serrate...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i24.4462
更新日期:2017-06-28 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and different immune conditions. METHODS:HBeAg-positive CHB patients with different immune conditions were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. These patients were grouped according to the followi...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i15.4407
更新日期:2014-04-21 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine the possible existence of a hepato-cardiovascular response and its regulatory mechanism in normal rats. METHODS:Systemic hemodynamic changes following intraportal injection of latex microspheres were studied in two modified rat models of hepatic circulation, in which the extrahepatic splanchnic circul...
journal_title:World journal of gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i5.676
更新日期:2005-02-07 00:00:00