Long-term accumulation and low toxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes in intravenously exposed mice.

abstract：:In this study, we aimed to evaluate the genotoxic effects of fungicides fenarimol and propamocarb which are used to protect crops from fungi. For this reason, bone-marrow micronucleus and chromosome aberration tests were carried out in Swiss albino mice. Mice were injected with four different doses of fenarimol and pr...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Aydemir N,Bilaloğlu R

更新日期：2004-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:This study aimed to evaluate bio-safety of magnetic chitosan nanogels as dual triggered drug carrier for doxorubicin through analysis of mitochondrial function. In the present study, chitosan/TPP nanogels containing magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared according to the ionotropic gelation method as novel pH-sen...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sadighian S,Rostamizadeh K,Hosseini MJ,Hamidi M,Hosseini-Monfared H

更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Quality control studies on cotinine measurements following low level environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure are rare. The exposure to ETS was controlled and systematically changed in a series of experiments in a climatic chamber. Healthy nonsmoking volunteers were exposed to ETS simultaneously. The duration and le...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Letzel H,Fischer-Brandies A,Johnson LC,Uberla K,Biber A

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The skin absorption of aniline, aniline with 3% water content, and 1 and 2% aqueous aniline solutions was investigated in man. The time of exposure was 30 or 60 min. The absorbed amount of aniline was calculated on the basis of rho-aminophenol excretion in 24-h urine. The rate of aniline absorption from aqueous soluti...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Baranowska-Dutkeiwicz B

更新日期：1982-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The data obtained from in vitro systems utilizing human cells and tissues should form a basic part of the information necessary for risk assessment. The most important thing for such systems is, therefore, to simulate the structures and functions of cells and tissues in the native organ as closely as possible. In desi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Emura M,Ochiai A,Hirohashi S

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fe(3)O(4) magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with 2,3-dimercaptosuccinnic acid (DMSA) are considered to be a promising nanomaterial with biocompatibility. In the present study, the effects of DMSA-coated Fe(3)O(4) MNPs on the expression of all identified mouse genes, which regulate various cellular biological proces...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liu Y,Chen Z,Gu N,Wang J

更新日期：2011-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The plastic chemical bisphenol A (BPA) has recently been suspected to be a base structure of endocrine disrupting chemicals, which achieve their adverse effects by interfering with human nuclear receptors. For instance, BPA, bisphenol AF, and tetrabromo- or tetrachloro-BPA (X₄-BPA) have been characterized as binders f...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nishigori M,Nose T,Shimohigashi Y

更新日期：2012-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen amino acids protected at the N-terminal and at their side chains were screened for resolving the enantiomers of V-agents by NMR. While none of the shift reagents tested showed really effective separation in proton NMR, two of them (BOC-Gln(Xan)-OH, 16, and Z-Arg(Z)2-OH), 21, with 16 superior to 21) were found...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Koller M,Thiermann H,Worek F

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) both require dimerization with AhR nuclear translocator (ARNT) to initiate transcription of their respective target genes. It has been proposed that competition for ARNT results in decreased targeting of AhR to cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Allen JW,Johnson RS,Bhatia SN

更新日期：2005-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neurotoxic potential of the pesticide fipronil (FIP) towards the differentiation of mouse N2a neuroblastoma cells. At concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 μM that were not cytotoxic, as shown by two different cell viability assays, FIP impaired potently after 24h the development ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sidiropoulou E,Sachana M,Flaskos J,Harris W,Hargreaves AJ,Woldehiwet Z

更新日期：2011-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The acute toxicity of organothiophosphate insecticides like parathion results from their metabolic activation by cytochromes P450. The present study is directed towards the characterization of cytochrome-P450-dependent metabolism of parathion by various mouse brain regions. Intraperitoneal administration of [35S]parat...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Soranno TM,Sultatos LG

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzene is a common occupational hazard and a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Benzene exposure at the levels even below 1ppm still showed hematotoxicity. It is widely accepted that the metabolites of benzene play important roles in the benzene toxicity to the hematopoietic system, but little is known about the eff...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wu XR,Xue M,Li XF,Wang Y,Wang J,Han QL,Yi ZC

更新日期：2011-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzodiazepines have wide-spread used in pharmacotherapy for their anxiolytic, myorelaxant, hypnotic, amnesic and anticonvulsive properties. Despite benzodiazepines are used in clinics over 50 years, they have not been surprisingly tested for capability to induce major drug-metabolizing cytochromes P450. In the curren...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Vrzal R,Kubesova K,Pavek P,Dvorak Z

更新日期：2010-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a clear association between betel nut chewing and an increased risk for oral mucosal lesions. Arecoline, the most abundant betel alkaloid, is considered the most important etiologic factor in betel nuts. In addition, most betel nut chewers are also smokers. In order to elucida...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Chang YC,Tai KW,Chou MY,Tseng TH

更新日期：2000-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a complete hepatocarcinogen and tumor promoter in the male B6C3F1 mouse. Published reports indicate that the compound is non-genotoxic. This study examines possible non-genotoxic (epigenetic) mechanisms by which DCA elicits its carcinogenic response. Correlative biochemical, pathologic and...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Carter JH,Carter HW,DeAngelo AB

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The oral LD50 of hymenoxon in Swiss white mice was found to be 241 +/- 37 mg/kg. No significant sex differences were observed. Pretreatment of male mice for 3 days using doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg hymenoxon failed to alter significantly pentobarbital sleeping time. Hymenoxon was found to be a direct-acting mutagen in t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Jones DH,Kim HL

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats (Fisher, Wistar, Donryu and Sprague-Dawley strains) were exposed to 5 approximately 3500 ppm toluene for 8 h, and urine samples were analyzed for hippuric acid and cresols. While hippuric acid increased in proportion to the exposure concentration, a sharp increase in o-cresol excretion was observed at high toluen...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Inoue O,Seiji K,Ishihara N,Kumai M,Ikeda M

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using equimolar quantities of 2 chemical allergens, toluene diisocyanate (TDI), noted for its ability to cause respiratory hypersensitivity, and dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), noted for its dermal sensitizing activity, the mouse was evaluated as a possible model to indicate respiratory hypersensitivity. A previously pub...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Satoh T,Kramarik JA,Tollerud DJ,Karol MH

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysregulated cell proliferation and tumorigenesis is frequently encountered in several cancers including hepatocellular carcinogenesis (HCC). Thus, agents that inhibit cell proliferation and restrain hepatic tumorigenesis through cell cycle regulation have a beneficial effect in the treatment of hepatocellular carcino...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Raghunandhakumar S,Paramasivam A,Senthilraja S,Naveenkumar C,Asokkumar S,Binuclara J,Jagan S,Anandakumar P,Devaki T

更新日期：2013-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term exposure to elevated levels of particulate matter is associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are still unclear. Recent studies have suggested that inhaled ultrafine particles are able to translocate into the bloodstre...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nemmar A,Inuwa IM

更新日期：2008-01-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Early detection and removal of harmful factors are essential to the proper physical and psychological development of the fetus, presumably showing the effects during the prenatal period and after birth. As one procedure to aid in understanding such factors, we have established a shell-less culture system for video mon...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hamamichi S,Nishigori H

更新日期：2001-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to investigate the oxidative effects of Fe(2)O(3), benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) and pyrene, alone or in association (B(a)P or pyrene coated onto Fe(2)O(3) particles), in normal human embryonic lung epithelial cells (L132) in culture. We evaluated: (i) membrane integrity, through fatty acid release ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Garçon G,Shirali P,Garry S,Fontaine M,Zerimech F,Martin A,Hannothiaux MH

更新日期：2000-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Modulation of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenase system by cadmium was investigated in male, adult DBA/2J mice treated with a single dose (16 micromol/kg body weight, i.p.) of cadmium chloride (CdCl2). Total CYP content of liver and kidney microsomes decreased maximally (56% and 85%, respectively) 24 and 18 h, re...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Abu-Bakar A,Satarug S,Marks GC,Lang MA,Moore MR

更新日期：2004-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Inorganic arsenic (As), the most toxic form of As found in water and food, is considered a human carcinogen. Numerous studies show its systemic toxicity, describing pathologies associated with chronic exposure. The main pathway of exposure to inorganic As is oral, but many of the events that occur during its passage t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Chiocchetti GM,Vélez D,Devesa V

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zinc oxide NPs (ZnO) have been recently proposed as novel candidates for the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases. Paradoxically, recent data suggested that ZnO could cause eosinophilic airway inflammation in rodents. Despite the above observations, there are currently no studies reporting direct interaction be...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Silva LR,Girard D

更新日期：2016-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Nickel (Ni) can disorder testosterone synthesis in rat Leydig cells, whereas the mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in Ni-induced disturbance of testosterone synthesis in rat Leydig cells. The testo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Han A,Zou L,Gan X,Li Y,Liu F,Chang X,Zhang X,Tian M,Li S,Su L,Sun Y

更新日期：2018-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fenvalerate (Fen), widely used for its high insecticidal potency and low mammalian toxicity, is classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Recently, Fen has received great attention for its adverse effects on human reproductive health. In this study, we found that Fen (10 microM) had a stimulatory effect on the g...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gao X,Yu L,Castro L,Moore AB,Hermon T,Bortner C,Sifre M,Dixon D

更新日期：2010-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The relative toxicity of three legacy and six emerging brominated flame retardants* was studied in the male Harlan Sprague Dawley rat. The hepatocellular and thyroid toxicity of each flame retardant was evaluated following five-day exposure to each of the nine flame retardants (oral gavage in corn oil) at 0.1-1000 μmo...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Shockley KR,Cora MC,Malarkey DE,Jackson-Humbles D,Vallant M,Collins BJ,Mutlu E,Robinson VG,Waidyanatha S,Zmarowski A,Machesky N,Richey J,Harbo S,Cheng E,Patton K,Sparrow B,Dunnick JK

更新日期：2020-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:To test the toxicity of some substances, known to affect the nervous system i.e. organic solvents, heavy metals and DDT, their ability to cause cell detachment of cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells was investigated. A TD25 value was obtained by graphic estimation of the concentration needed to cause 25% of the total c...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Peterson A,Lewné M,Walum E

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a main clinical feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), intermittent hypoxia (IH) induces oxidative stress, leading to damage to a variety of organs, including kidney. Metallothionein (MT) is a potent antioxidant that protects kidney against oxidative damage. Our previous studies demonstrated that MT prevented IH...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wu H,Zhou S,Kong L,Chen J,Feng W,Cai J,Miao L,Tan Y

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00