Acute toxicity of organic solvents, heavy metals and DDT tested in cultures of mouse neuroblastoma cells.

abstract：:Nano-materials are currently being used in a variety of fields. One of the concerns associated with their use is their potential to harm human health. In an attempt to identify genes expressed differently in human lung cells (WI-26 VA4) exposed to nanosized (45 nm in diameter) PAMAM (polyamidoamine) dendrimers, we obs...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lee JH,Cha KE,Kim MS,Hong HW,Chung DJ,Ryu G,Myung H

更新日期：2009-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal widespreadly used in industrial field. Prior studies showed that Pb exposure had detrimental effects on osteoblasts. The mechanisms underlying Pb-induced damage are complex. Autophagy can protect cells from various cytotoxic stimuli. In the present study, the aim of our research was to...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lv XH,Zhao DH,Cai SZ,Luo SY,You T,Xu BL,Chen K

更新日期：2015-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Dimethocaine (DMC), a synthetic derivative of cocaine, is distributed and consumed as "new psychoactive substance" (NPS) without any safety testing at the forefront. It is mainly metabolized by N-acetylation, N-deethylation or hydroxylation. Therefore, the aim of the presented study was to determine the human NAT and ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Meyer MR,Lindauer C,Maurer HH

更新日期：2014-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:This study tested a hypothesis that soybean lipoxygenase (SLO), a model enzyme, may be capable of generating a glutathione (GSH) conjugate(s) from p-aminophenol (PAP). Horseradish peroxidase was employed as a positive control. GSH depletion or an increase in the absorption at 327 nm with time due to GS-PAP formation w...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Yang X,Kulkarni AP

更新日期：2000-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen amino acids protected at the N-terminal and at their side chains were screened for resolving the enantiomers of V-agents by NMR. While none of the shift reagents tested showed really effective separation in proton NMR, two of them (BOC-Gln(Xan)-OH, 16, and Z-Arg(Z)2-OH), 21, with 16 superior to 21) were found...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Koller M,Thiermann H,Worek F

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein S-glutathionation has been demonstrated to be one of the cellular responses under oxidative stress and may be involved in many cellular metabolisms. In this study, the effect of redox cycling bipyridylium compounds, paraquat and diquat, on this protein modification was investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats we...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Lii CK,Wang ST,Chen HW

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxidative damage plays a key role in septic shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which is known to enhance the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, biochemical parameters indicative of oxidative stress were tested in the rat heart following LPS challenge, with and without pretreatment with t...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ben-Shaul V,Lomnitski L,Nyska A,Zurovsky Y,Bergman M,Grossman S

更新日期：2001-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-induced chewing movements, tremors, convulsions and hind limb abduction at doses of 50-85% LD50 in rats were monitored in order to determine whether the severity of these different signs would correlate with brain AChE levels and the time course of such a relationship. 30 min after subcutan...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hoskins B,Fernando JC,Dulaney MD,Lim DK,Liu DD,Watanabe HK,Ho IK

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cimetidine, a widely prescribed, potent histamine H2-receptor antagonist, is unrelatedly a mild antiandrogen. Since perinatal androgens are essential for normal masculine imprinting, we wanted to determine if maternally administered cimetidine interfered with the development of the male offspring's sex-dependent, hepa...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Shapiro BH,Bitar MS

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:GAPDH, well known for its house-keeping functions, has also been shown to be involved in cell injury, apoptosis and death under conditions of stress such as starvation, chemical injury and oxidative stress. This study examines the effect of GAPDH knockdown on cell injury in response to Rotenone. METHODS:GAP...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liang S,Figtree G,Aiqun M,Ping Z

更新日期：2015-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Voltage-activated sodium channels and GABAA receptor-chloride channel complex are among the most important target sites of various environmental neurotoxicants. Pyrethroids keep the sodium channels open for prolonged periods of time leading to hyperexcitation of the entire nervous system. In rat cerebellar Purkinje ne...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Narahashi T,Carter DB,Frey J,Ginsburg K,Hamilton BJ,Nagata K,Roy ML,Song JH,Tatebayashi H

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrazine (Hz) mutagenicity was observed in a test using Escherichia coli B/r strain, WP2 uvrA and was enhanced by the addition of rat liver microsomal fraction containing a generating system, while the enhanced mutagenicity was diminished by the addition of metyrapone to the microsome-free levels. On the other hand, ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Noda A,Ishizawa M,Ohno K,Sendo T,Noda H

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk assessment of xenobiotics is a qualitative and quantitative assessment of toxic properties conventionally based on data resulting from tests in animals exposed to the substance. The assessment of dose-effect relationship includes evaluation of exposure at the site of action. More recently, emphasis is put on unde...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Heinrich-Hirsch B,Madle S,Oberemm A,Gundert-Remy U

更新日期：2001-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays an important role in lung development, but its significance in silicosis is unclear. We showed that in human coal pneumoconiosis autopsy specimens, Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) and the Glioma-associated oncogene homolog transcription factors family (GLI) 1 proteins were up-regulated, ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Zhang B,Xu H,Zhang Y,Yi X,Zhang G,Zhang X,Xu D,Gao X,Li S,Zhu Y,Zhang H,Wei Z,Li S,Zhang L,Wang R,Yang F

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of isoflavones on estrogen sensitive tissues are discussed controversially. This study was designed to investigate tissue specific effects of an isoflavone exposure through different periods of life in female Wistar rats and to compare the effects of genistein (GEN) to those of mixed dietary isoflavones, GEN a...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hertrampf T,Ledwig C,Kulling S,Molzberger A,Möller FJ,Zierau O,Vollmer G,Moors S,Degen GH,Diel P

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding of bisphenol A (BPA) and its halogenated derivatives (halogenated BPAs) to mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α ligand binding domain (mPPARα-LBD) was examined by a combination of in vitro investigation and in silico simulation. Fluorescence polarization (FP) assay showed that halogenated BPA...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Zhang J,Li T,Wang T,Guan T,Yu H,Li Z,Wang Y,Wang Y,Zhang T

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the olfactory epithelium the primary olfactory neurons are in contact with the environment in the nasal cavity and they are also connected to the olfactory bulbs of the brain. These neurons may therefore provide a pathway by which foreign materials may reach the brain. Inhalation of cobalt-containing dust or fumes ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Persson E,Henriksson J,Tjälve H

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The proceedings in this volume suggest several important future research needs. Research is needed to validate modeling in toxicology in order to support the use of the general approach of modeling, either for structure-activity relationships (SAR) or physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK), by regulators. Resea...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Menzel DB

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A computer program (Q-test) was used to evaluate the combined toxic effects of nerve agent GF and its combined form with sarin (GB/GF) in mice. Efficacy of Jielin Injection, the 2-PAM-containing antidote used successfully in China for the treatment of organophosphate pesticide poisoning, was also evaluated and compare...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Luo C,Liang J

更新日期：1997-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The cyanobacterial non-proteinogenic amino acid β-N-methylamino-l-alanine (BMAA) is proposed to be involved in the etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/parkinsonism dementia complex. When administered as single doses to neonatal rats, BMAA gives rise to cognitive and neurodegenerative impairments in the adult ani...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Andersson M,Karlsson O,Banack SA,Brandt I

更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：:When cells from the human cell line NHIK3025 were cultured for 4 days, with hexavalent chromium (K2Cr2O7) at a concentration of 8 . 10(-7)M, the relative cell number was reduced to 38%. This effect of hexavalent chromium was abolished if ascorbic acid and chromate were added simultaneously to the incubation medium, bu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Jakobsen K,Eik-Nes KB

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nerve agent toxicity is primarily due to the synaptic build up of toxic levels of acetylcholine. The acute lethal effects of the nerve agents are generally attributed to respiratory failure caused by a combination of effects at both central and peripheral levels and are further complicated by copious secretions, muscl...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： RamaRao G,Bhattacharya BK

更新日期：2012-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the cold-receptor TRPM8 by menthol or other tobacco additives can suppress natural defense reactions such as coughing that usually would become effective as involuntary resistance against the inhalation of fumes. In Europe menthol is only regulated as flavor, but can be used as additive as long as no cha...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Paschke M,Tkachenko A,Ackermann K,Hutzler C,Henkler F,Luch A

更新日期：2017-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Children may be inherently more vulnerable than adults to the lethal effects associated with chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) exposure because of their closer proximity to the ground, smaller body mass, higher respiratory rate, increased skin permeability and immature metabolic systems. Unfortunately, there have on...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Wright LK,Lee RB,Vincelli NM,Whalley CE,Lumley LA

更新日期：2016-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:This study demonstrates an intraspecies difference in elimination of methylmercury between two genetic variant strains of mice. Following a single non-toxic dose of 203Hg labeled methylmercury (0.5 mg Hg/kg i.p.), the half-time of 203Hg elimination in the CBA/J inbred strain was 7.4 days compared to 3.0 days in the CF...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kostyniak PJ

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The identification of the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is the key regulatory outcome of toxicity studies. With the introduction of "omics" technologies into toxicological research, the question arises as to how sensitive these technologies are relative to classical regulatory toxicity parameters. BASF SE a...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： van Ravenzwaay B,Montoya GA,Fabian E,Herold M,Krennrich G,Looser R,Mellert W,Peter E,Strauss V,Walk T,Kamp H

更新日期：2014-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Impairment in cholinergic systems is a highly consistent finding in human dementia. Among cholinergic markers, marked decreases in nicotine binding have been most consistently observed in the telencephalic regions of demented patients and are thought to contribute to the cognitive deficits associated with ageing and a...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Zanardi A,Leo G,Biagini G,Zoli M

更新日期：2002-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:An occupational health study was conducted on 45 acetone-exposed male workers in combination with 343 non-exposed men to examine the quantitative relationship between the intensity of acetone vapor exposure and the concentration of acetone in urine. The time-weighted average acetone concentrations were measured by mea...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kawai T,Yasugi T,Mizunuma K,Horiguchi S,Iguchi H,Ikeda M

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The binding of [3H]aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) to the DNA, RNA and protein of liver after i.p. administration to rats with and without ethanol pretreatment was studied. The quantities of AFB1 binding to DNA and RNA were significantly increased by ethanol pretreatment but the formation of protein adducts was not affected. AFB1...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Toskulkao C,Glinsukon T

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polarographic measurements of the rates of oxygen consumption by isolated rat liver mitochondria respiring on pyruvate/malate in metabolic state 4 revealed that additions of micromolar amounts of chalepin, a naturally occurring furocoumarin resulted in significant decreases in respiratory rates. At 16 microM chalepin,...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Olorunsogo OO,Emerole GO,Malomo SO,Thabrew MI

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00