A trans-Golgi network golgin is required for the regulated secretion of TNF in activated macrophages in vivo.

abstract：:The recent discovery of superconductivity with relatively high transition temperature (Tc) in the layered iron-based quaternary oxypnictides La[O(1-x)F(x)] FeAs by Kamihara et al. [Kamihara Y, Watanabe T, Hirano M, Hosono H (2008) Iron-based layered superconductor La[O1-xFx] FeAs (x = 0.05-0.12) with Tc = 26 K. J Am C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hsu FC,Luo JY,Yeh KW,Chen TK,Huang TW,Wu PM,Lee YC,Huang YL,Chu YY,Yan DC,Wu MK

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore protein space from a global perspective, we consider 9,710 SCOP (Structural Classification of Proteins) domains with up to 70% sequence identity and present all similarities among them as networks: In the "domain network," nodes represent domains, and edges connect domains that share "motifs," i.e., signifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nepomnyachiy S,Ben-Tal N,Kolodny R

更新日期：2014-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:A plasmid construct expressing the p66 version of the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase as a bacterial fusion protein was subjected to in vitro mutagenesis, and the resulting variant proteins were assayed to define the locations of the two major enzymatic activities. The DNA polymerase activity was lo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prasad VR,Goff SP

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Salivary gland cells in the larvae of the dipteran Chironomus tentans offer unique possibilities to visualize the assembly and nucleocytoplasmic transport of a specific transcription product. Each nucleus harbors four giant polytene chromosomes, whose transcription sites are expanded, or puffed. On chromosome IV, ther...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Daneholt B

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental intramolecular vibrational dephasing transients for several large organic molecules are reanalyzed. Fits to the experimental data, as well as full numerical quantum calculations with a factorized potential surface for all active degrees of freedom of fluorene indicate that power law decays, not exponentia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gruebele M

更新日期：1998-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:It has often been suggested that the frequently observed Watson-Crick base-pair compensatory substitutions in RNA helical structures occur mainly through a slightly deleterious G.U intermediate state. We have scored base substitutions in a set of 82 related Drosophila species for the D1 and D2 variable domains of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rousset F,Pélandakis M,Solignac M

更新日期：1991-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Infectious RNA transcripts were generated from full-length cDNA clones of the tobacco etch potyvirus genome containing an insertion of the bacterial beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene between the polyprotein-coding sequences for the N-terminal 35-kDa proteinase and the helper component-proteinase. The recombinant virus was...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dolja VV,McBride HJ,Carrington JC

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The accuracy of dynamical models for reactive scattering of molecular hydrogen, H(2), from metal surfaces is relevant to the validation of first principles electronic structure methods for molecules interacting with metal surfaces. The ability to validate such methods is important to progress in modeling heterogeneous...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kroes GJ,Díaz C,Pijper E,Olsen RA,Auerbach DJ

更新日期：2010-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We analyzed the distribution of the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) aphid transmission factor (ATF), produced via a baculovirus recombinant, within Sf9 insect cells. Immunogold labeling revealed that the ATF colocalizes with an atypical cytoskeletal network. Detailed observation by electron microscopy demonstrated tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blanc S,Schmidt I,Vantard M,Scholthof HB,Kuhl G,Esperandieu P,Cerutti M,Louis C

更新日期：1996-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, 18-22 nt long, noncoding RNAs that act as potent negative gene regulators in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. To repress gene expression, miRNAs are packaged into RNA-induced silencing complexes (RISCs) that target mRNAs for degradation and/or translational repressio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen AK,Sengupta P,Waki K,Van Engelenburg SB,Ochiya T,Ablan SD,Freed EO,Lippincott-Schwartz J

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular cholesterol metabolism is regulated primarily through the coordinate expression of two proteins, the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (EC 1.1.1.34). We have used cDNA probes for the human genes encoding these proteins to determine the precise...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lindgren V,Luskey KL,Russell DW,Francke U

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The degeneracy of the genetic code allows nucleic acids to encode amino acid identity as well as noncoding information for gene regulation and genome maintenance. The rare arginine codons AGA and AGG (AGR) present a case study in codon choice, with AGRs encoding important transcriptional and translational properties d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Napolitano MG,Landon M,Gregg CJ,Lajoie MJ,Govindarajan L,Mosberg JA,Kuznetsov G,Goodman DB,Vargas-Rodriguez O,Isaacs FJ,Söll D,Church GM

更新日期：2016-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:It is possible, by using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectroscopy, to detect the conformational changes occurring in both the protein and the chromophore of bacteriorhodopsin during the photocycle. In contrast to Raman spectroscopy, a laser is unnecessary and hence the problem of a perturbing probe be...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rothschild KJ,Marrero H

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epothilones represent a promising class of natural product-based antitumor drug candidates. Although these compounds operate through a microtubule stabilization mechanism similar to that of taxol, the epothilones offer a major potential therapeutic advantage in that they retain their activity against multidrug-res...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chou TC,Zhang X,Zhong ZY,Li Y,Feng L,Eng S,Myles DR,Johnson R Jr,Wu N,Yin YI,Wilson RM,Danishefsky SJ

更新日期：2008-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We have detected a proteolytic mechanism in chloroplasts that selectively and rapidly degrades the imported small subunit of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase when pools of the chloroplast-synthesized large subunit are depleted. This degradation system is constitutively present and appears to be responsible for pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmidt GW,Mishkind ML

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is shown that initiation of translation involves several steps. (i) Binding of fMet-tRNA(fMet) to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit in the absence of messenger RNA, yielding a 34S complex. This binding is rapid and dependent on initiation factor 2 but not on initiation factor 3. (ii) Binding of messenger RNA to t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jay G,Kaempfer R

更新日期：1974-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA chip technology enables simultaneous examination of how approximately 6,200 Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene transcript levels, representing the entire genome, respond to environmental change. By using chips bearing oligonucleotide arrays, we show that, after exposure to the alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jelinsky SA,Samson LD

更新日期：1999-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of information-processing adaptations in the brain is controversial, in part because of disputes about the form such adaptations might take. Many psychologists assume that adaptations come in two kinds, specialized and general-purpose. Specialized mechanisms are typically thought of as innate, domain-specifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barrett HC

更新日期：2012-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:There is no effective treatment for the cardiomyopathy of the most common autosomal recessive ataxia, Friedreich's ataxia (FA). The identification of potentially toxic mitochondrial (MIT) iron (Fe) deposits in FA suggests that Fe plays a role in its pathogenesis. This study used the muscle creatine kinase conditional ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Whitnall M,Suryo Rahmanto Y,Sutak R,Xu X,Becker EM,Mikhael MR,Ponka P,Richardson DR

更新日期：2008-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Human Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and similar neurodegenerative diseases such as sheep scrapie are caused by a variety of related infectious agents. They are associated with abnormal host prion protein (PrP), which is assessed by limited proteolysis to yield resistant PrP bands (PrP-res). Although PrP-res has been...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arjona A,Simarro L,Islinger F,Nishida N,Manuelidis L

更新日期：2004-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Discovering the visual features and representations used by the brain to recognize objects is a central problem in the study of vision. Recently, neural network models of visual object recognition, including biological and deep network models, have shown remarkable progress and have begun to rival human performance in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ullman S,Assif L,Fetaya E,Harari D

更新日期：2016-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Exocytosis allows the release of secretory products and the delivery of new membrane material to the plasma membrane. So far, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanism and its control in plant cells. We have used the whole-cell patch-clamp technique to monitor changes in membrane capacitance to study ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Homann U,Tester M

更新日期：1997-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand molecular interactions that organize developing myofibrils, we examined the biosynthesis and interaction of titin and myosin heavy chain in cultures of developing muscle. Use of pulse-labeling, immunoprecipitation, and a reversible cross-linking procedure demonstrates that within minutes of synthesis, ti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Isaacs WB,Kim IS,Struve A,Fulton AB

更新日期：1992-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Two methods for increasing the length of DNA sequence data that can be read off a polyacrylamide gel are described. We have developed a rapid way to pour a buffer concentration gradient gel that, by altering the vertical band separation on an autoradiograph, allows more sequence to be obtained from a gel. We also show...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Biggin MD,Gibson TJ,Hong GF

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lectin chaperone calreticulin (CRT) assists the folding and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It interacts with ERp57, a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase that promotes the formation of disulfide bonds in glycoproteins bound by CRT. Here, we investigated the interac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frickel EM,Riek R,Jelesarov I,Helenius A,Wuthrich K,Ellgaard L

更新日期：2002-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell cycle-controlled human histone genes are coordinately expressed during S phase, and transcriptional regulation involves a series of trans-acting factors (HiNFs). The proliferation-specific factor HiNF-D interacts with multiple recognition motifs in histone H4, H3, and H1 promoters. Using gel shift immunoassays, w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： van Wijnen AJ,Aziz F,Graña X,De Luca A,Desai RK,Jaarsveld K,Last TJ,Soprano K,Giordano A,Lian JB

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans readily form social impressions, such as attractiveness and trustworthiness, from a stranger's facial features. Understanding the provenance of these impressions has clear scientific importance and societal implications. Motivated by the efficient coding hypothesis of brain representation, as well as Claude Sha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ryali CK,Goffin S,Winkielman P,Yu AJ

更新日期：2020-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Methane is a major greenhouse gas linked to global warming; however, patterns of in situ methane oxidation by methane-oxidizing bacteria (methanotrophs), nature's main biological mechanism for methane suppression, are often inconsistent with laboratory predictions. For example, one would expect a strong relationship b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knapp CW,Fowle DA,Kulczycki E,Roberts JA,Graham DW

更新日期：2007-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis, a devastating complication of tuberculosis in man, is poorly understood. We previously reported that rabbits with experimental tuberculous meningitis were protected from death by a combination of antibiotics and thalidomide therapy. Survival was associated with inhibition of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsenova L,Bergtold A,Freedman VH,Young RA,Kaplan G

更新日期：1999-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The method presented here refines molecular conformations directly against projections of single particles measured by electron microscopy. By optimizing the orientation of the projection at the same time as the conformation, the method is well-suited to two-dimensional class averages from cryoelectron microscopy. Suc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang J,Minary P,Levitt M

更新日期：2012-06-19 00:00:00