Quorum size of Pseudomonas syringae is small and dictated by water availability on the leaf surface.

abstract：:We previously found that a minor fraction of single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) isolated from native nuclear DNA of normal chicken embryonic cells and cells of other species hybridized with bulk nuclear DNA or cellular RNA in great excess. At least one-third of ss-DNA belonging to the nonrepetitious part of the cell genome ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leibovitch SA,Tapiero H,Harel J

更新日期：1977-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microcalcifications geographically target the location of abnormalities within the breast and are of critical importance in breast cancer diagnosis. However, despite stereotactic guidance, core needle biopsy fails to retrieve microcalcifications in up to 15% of patients. Here, we introduce an approach based on diffuse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soares JS,Barman I,Dingari NC,Volynskaya Z,Liu W,Klein N,Plecha D,Dasari RR,Fitzmaurice M

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:We isolated erythroleukemic cell lines arrested at different levels of the erythroid differentiation pathway. One cell line (CB5), established from mice infected with the helper-independent Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV), exhibited properties similar to those of the normal erythroid progenitor burst-forming cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shibuya T,Mak TW

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amino acid sequence of the light chain of bovine protein C was determined by sequenator analysis of the carboxymethylated light chain and fragments obtained by cyanogen bromide treatment, tryptic digestion after blocking of lysine residues, and cleavage with 2-(2-nitrophenylsulfenyl)-3-methyl-3-bromoindolenine (BN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernlund P,Stenflo J,Tufvesson A

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cofilin-actin rods are inclusion-like structures that are induced by certain chemical or physical stresses in cultured cells, and the rods formed in neurons are thought to be associated with neurodegeneration. Here, we cloned an Aplysia cofilin homolog and overexpressed it in cultured neurons. Overexpressed cofilin fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jang DH,Han JH,Lee SH,Lee YS,Park H,Lee SH,Kim H,Kaang BK

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA fragmentation is a hallmark of apoptosis (programmed cell death). However, the biological function of apoptotic DNA fragmentation remains unclear. Here, we show that DNA fragmentation factor plays an important role for maintaining genomic stability. Inhibition or loss of the DNA fragmentation factor (DFF)/caspase-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yan B,Wang H,Peng Y,Hu Y,Wang H,Zhang X,Chen Q,Bedford JS,Dewhirst MW,Li CY

更新日期：2006-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on the DNA sequence of the symbiotic plasmid of Rhizobium strain NGR234, we predicted potential rearrangements generated by homologous recombination. All predicted rearrangements were identified experimentally by using a PCR-based methodology. Thus, the predicted and the actual dynamic maps of the replicon coinc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flores M,Mavingui P,Perret X,Broughton WJ,Romero D,Hernández G,Dávila G,Palacios R

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigate the role of networks of alliances in preventing (multilateral) interstate wars. We first show that, in the absence of international trade, no network of alliances is peaceful and stable. We then show that international trade induces peaceful and stable networks: Trade increases the density of alliances ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jackson MO,Nei S

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteonectin is a prominent noncollagenous protein of developing bone. A 2150-base-pair cDNA coding for osteonectin, isolated from a bovine bone cell lambda gt11 expression library, was sequenced and identified by comparison with protein sequence data. The nucleotide sequence predicts that osteonectin contains 304 amin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bolander ME,Young MF,Fisher LW,Yamada Y,Termine JD

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional repression via methylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) by the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is conserved in higher eukaryotes. The Arabidopsis PRC2 controls homeotic gene expression, flowering time, and gene imprinting. Although downstream target genes and the regulatory mechanism of PRC2 ar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jeong CW,Roh H,Dang TV,Choi YD,Fischer RL,Lee JS,Choi Y

更新日期：2011-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of the present study was to make use of efficient molecular marker systems to reveal genetic relationships in traditional and evolved Basmati (EB) and semidwarf non-Basmati (NB) rice varieties. A subset of three rice groups was analyzed by using 19 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and 12 inter-SSR-PCR p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nagaraju J,Kathirvel M,Kumar RR,Siddiq EA,Hasnain SE

更新日期：2002-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomic sequences encoding the human lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl esterase (sterol esterase; EC 3.1.1.13) have been isolated and sequenced, and the information has been used to identify mutations in both alleles of the gene from a patient with Wolman disease, an autosomal recessive lysosomal lipid storage dis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anderson RA,Byrum RS,Coates PM,Sando GN

更新日期：1994-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The endodermis acts as a "second skin" in plant roots by providing the cellular control necessary for the selective entry of water and solutes into the vascular system. To enable such control, Casparian strips span the cell wall of adjacent endodermal cells to form a tight junction that blocks extracellular diffusion ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hosmani PS,Kamiya T,Danku J,Naseer S,Geldner N,Guerinot ML,Salt DE

更新日期：2013-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Targeting and innervation of the cerebral cortex by thalamic afferents is a key event in the specification of cortical areas. The molecular targets of thalamic regulation, however, have remained elusive. We now demonstrate that thalamic afferents regulate the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) recept...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paysan J,Kossel A,Bolz J,Fritschy JM

更新日期：1997-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play essential, conserved roles in diverse developmental processes through association with the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC). Whereas fundamental insights into the mechanistic framework of miRNA biogenesis and target gene silencing have been established, posttranslational modifications t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alessi AF,Khivansara V,Han T,Freeberg MA,Moresco JJ,Tu PG,Montoye E,Yates JR 3rd,Karp X,Kim JK

更新日期：2015-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The twin-arginine transport (Tat) system is a protein-targeting pathway of prokaryotes and chloroplasts. Most Escherichia coli Tat substrates are complex metalloenzymes that must be correctly folded and assembled before transport, and a preexport chaperone-mediated "proofreading" process is therefore in operation. The...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hatzixanthis K,Clarke TA,Oubrie A,Richardson DJ,Turner RJ,Sargent F

更新日期：2005-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a heterogeneous degenerative motor neuron disease linked to numerous genetic mutations in apparently unrelated proteins. These proteins, including SOD1, TDP-43, and FUS, are highly aggregation-prone and form a variety of intracellular inclusion bodies that are characteristic of d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ciryam P,Lambert-Smith IA,Bean DM,Freer R,Cid F,Tartaglia GG,Saunders DN,Wilson MR,Oliver SG,Morimoto RI,Dobson CM,Vendruscolo M,Favrin G,Yerbury JJ

更新日期：2017-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipoproteins are emulsion particles that consist of lipids and apolipoproteins. Their natural function is to transport lipids and/or cholesterol to different tissues. We have taken advantage of the hydrophobic interior of these natural emulsions to solubilize DNA. Negatively charged DNA was first complexed with cation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hara T,Tan Y,Huang L

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Exosomes have been proposed as vehicles for microRNA (miRNA) -based intercellular communication and a source of miRNA biomarkers in bodily fluids. Although exosome preparations contain miRNAs, a quantitative analysis of their abundance and stoichiometry is lacking. In the course of studying cancer-associated extracell...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chevillet JR,Kang Q,Ruf IK,Briggs HA,Vojtech LN,Hughes SM,Cheng HH,Arroyo JD,Meredith EK,Gallichotte EN,Pogosova-Agadjanyan EL,Morrissey C,Stirewalt DL,Hladik F,Yu EY,Higano CS,Tewari M

更新日期：2014-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-assembling dendrimers have facilitated the discovery of periodic and quasiperiodic arrays of supramolecular architectures and the diverse functions derived from them. Examples are liquid quasicrystals and their approximants plus helical columns and spheres, including some that disregard chirality. The same period...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rodriguez-Emmenegger C,Xiao Q,Kostina NY,Sherman SE,Rahimi K,Partridge BE,Li S,Sahoo D,Reveron Perez AM,Buzzacchera I,Han H,Kerzner M,Malhotra I,Möller M,Wilson CJ,Good MC,Goulian M,Baumgart T,Klein ML,Percec V

更新日期：2019-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:We solve a discrete version of the classic Plateau problem, which asks for a minimal surface spanning a given curve. Our algorithm is based on a network-flow formulation that finds minimal slabs, intuitively corresponding to minimal "surfaces" of prescribed thickness. We let the slab thickness approach zero in order t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu TC,Kahng AB,Robins G

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recently described experimental system for analyzing the mode of action of a morphogen gradient involves the in situ hybridization of sectioned tissue constructs. In these constructs, a source of activin signaling induces the transcription of several mesodermal genes in blastula animal caps, according to the positio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gurdon JB,Mitchell A,Ryan K

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The transthyretin amyloidoses (ATTR) are invariably fatal diseases characterized by progressive neuropathy and/or cardiomyopathy. ATTR are caused by aggregation of transthyretin (TTR), a natively tetrameric protein involved in the transport of thyroxine and the vitamin A-retinol-binding protein complex. Mutations with...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bulawa CE,Connelly S,Devit M,Wang L,Weigel C,Fleming JA,Packman J,Powers ET,Wiseman RL,Foss TR,Wilson IA,Kelly JW,Labaudinière R

更新日期：2012-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of heterozygosity affecting chromosome 17p has been detected at high frequencies in a variety of human tumors, including cancers of the colon, breast, lung, and brain. One presumed target of these losses is p53, a tumor suppressor gene located on 17p. To our knowledge, loss of heterozygosity has not yet been repo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meltzer SJ,Yin J,Huang Y,McDaniel TK,Newkirk C,Iseri O,Vogelstein B,Resau JH

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of this study was to characterize and classify pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors based on array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). Using aCGH, we performed karyotype analysis of 33 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tumors, 13 SCLC cell lines, 19 bronchial carcinoids, and 9 gastrointestinal carcinoids. In con...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Voortman J,Lee JH,Killian JK,Suuriniemi M,Wang Y,Lucchi M,Smith WI Jr,Meltzer P,Wang Y,Giaccone G

更新日期：2010-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The 89-kDa cell surface glycoprotein, P3.58, is detectable on advanced human melanomas in situ but not on benign melanocytes or early melanomas. cDNA cloning of P3.58 from melanoma cells was accomplished by screening a lambda zap expression vector library with monoclonal antibodies produced against the denatured antig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johnson JP,Stade BG,Holzmann B,Schwäble W,Riethmüller G

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies have been prepared to the core protein of cartilage chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan from clones isolated after fusion of rat spleen cells and mouse myeloma cell lines. Antibodies produced by five clones were studied in detail by a radioimmunoassay utilizing 35SO42-labeled hyaluronidase-digested chondroitin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dorfman A,Hall T,Ho PL,Fitch F

更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heteroduplex molecules of pneumococcal DNA, prepared by cross-annealing resolved complementary strands, have been used as donors in transformation. A number of pairs of genetic markers are situated exclusively in the trans configuration in these heteroduplexes. Insertion of two markers from trans configuration into op...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roger M

更新日期：1972-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular basis for the absence of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in four independent sodium azide-induced ant18 mutants of barley was examined by sequencing the gene encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase in these mutants. Sodium azide generated 21 base substitutions, which corresponds to 0.17% of the 12,704 nu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Olsen O,Wang X,von Wettstein D

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Macropinocytosis is a highly conserved endocytic process by which extracellular fluid and solutes are internalized into cells. Macropinocytosis starts with the formation of membrane ruffles at the plasma membrane and ends with their closure. The transient and sequential emergence of phosphoinositides PI(3,4,5)P3 and P...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maekawa M,Terasaka S,Mochizuki Y,Kawai K,Ikeda Y,Araki N,Skolnik EY,Taguchi T,Arai H

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00