Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate muscle activation patterns in selected scapulohumeral muscles in the tennis serve. These patterns of muscle activation have not been evaluated in other studies of the tennis serve. Fine wire and surface EMG was used to calculate onset and offset timing of muscle activation. DESIGN:Controlled laboratory study. SETTING:Biomechanical laboratory. SUBJECTS:16 tennis players (age 18-40) with rated skills (National Tennis Rating Program (NTRP) rating 4.5-6.5; club tournament level or higher) were subjects. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURE:Dependent variables of muscle activation onset and offset as well as sequencing of the stabilising muscles of the scapula (upper trapezius, lower trapezius, serratus anterior; the muscles that position the arm) anterior deltoid and posterior deltoid; and the muscles of the rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor) during the tennis serve motion. RESULTS:Patterns of muscle activation were observed during the tennis serve motion. The serratus anterior (-287 ms before ball impact) and upper trapezius (-234 ms) were active in the early cocking phase, while the lower trapezius (-120 ms) was activated in the late cocking phase just before the acceleration phase. The anterior deltoid (-250 ms) was activated in early cocking, while the posterior deltoid (-157 ms) was activated later. The teres minor (-214 ms) was activated early in the cocking phase. The supraspinatus (-103 ms) was activated in late cocking. The infraspinatus (+47 ms after ball impact) was activated in follow-through. All muscles except infraspinatus were activated in duration of more than 50% of the service motion. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrates that there are patterns of activation of muscles around the scapulohumeral articulation in the normal accomplished tennis serve. Rehabilitation and conditioning programs for tennis players should be structured to restore and optimise the activation sequences (scapular stabilisers before rotator cuff), task specific functions (serratus anterior as a retractor of the scapula, lower trapezius as a scapular stabiliser in the elevated rotating arm) and duration of activation of these muscles.
journal_name
Br J Sports Medjournal_title
British journal of sports medicineauthors
Kibler WB,Chandler TJ,Shapiro R,Conuel Mdoi
10.1136/bjsm.2007.037333subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-11-01 00:00:00pages
745-9issue
11eissn
0306-3674issn
1473-0480pii
41/11/745journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Mechanotransduction is the physiological process where cells sense and respond to mechanical loads. This paper reclaims the term "mechanotherapy" and presents the current scientific knowledge underpinning how load may be used therapeutically to stimulate tissue repair and remodelling in tendon, muscle, cartilage and b...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.054239
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Certain exercise prescriptions for patients with cancer may improve self-reported quality of life (QoL) and self-reported physical function (PF). We investigated the effects of exercise on QoL and PF in patients with cancer and studied differences in effects between different intervention-related and exercise...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097891
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to update our original systematic review of return to sport rates following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery. METHOD:Electronic databases were searched from April 2010 to November 2013 for articles reporting the number of patients returning to sport following...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-093398
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It would seem that the development of a stress fracture results from unsuccessful adaptation of bone to a change in its mechanical environment caused by repetitive loading. It involves the physiological processes of microdamage production and remodelling. Whether the initiating factor is microdamage production or acti...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsm.30.3.200
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to describe the anthropometric and physiological parameters that apply to a USA amateur rugby union club team. Fifteen players who were members of the club's first team were evaluated for body composition, muscular strength, power and endurance, flexibility, anaerobic power, anaerobic cap...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.17.1.16
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.31.2.143
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the attitudes to, and knowledge of, doping in sport of French general practitioners (GPs), and their contact with drug taking athletes on an everyday basis. METHODS:A total of 402 GPs were randomly selected from all over France and interviewed by telephone, using a prepared script. RESULTS:The r...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.37.4.335
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.077966
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cases are reported of three off road cyclists with isolated soft tissue injuries to the right lower leg, caused by the chain ring as they struggled to release their feet from clipless pedals. Correct adjustment of the pedals to facilitate quick release of the feet is required to prevent such injuries. ...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2002.003616
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2012-091028
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.35.1.74
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.076398
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the validity and reliability of surface electromyography (EMG) as a new non-invasive determinant of the metabolic response to incremental exercise in elite cyclists. The relation between EMG activity and other more conventional methods for analysing the aerobic-anaerobic transition such as blo...
journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.33.3.178
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.072371
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096188
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-095820
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090188
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2010.072843
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.33.2.134
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.14.4.229
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.32.2.178
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2003.010827
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.2007.041210
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of sports medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bjsm.27.4.237
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00