Abstract:
:Vibrio parahaemolyticus is indigenous to coastal environments and a frequent cause of seafood-borne gastroenteritis in the United States, primarily due to raw-oyster consumption. Previous seasonal-cycle studies of V. parahaemolyticus have identified water temperature as the strongest environmental predictor. Salinity has also been identified, although it is evident that its effect on annual variation is not as pronounced. The effects of other environmental factors, both with respect to the seasonal cycle and intraseasonal variation, are uncertain. This study investigated intraseasonal variations of densities of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus organisms in oysters and overlying waters during the summer of 2004 at two sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Regression analyses indicated significant associations (P < 0.001) between total V. parahaemolyticus densities and salinity, as well as turbidity in water and in oysters at the Mississippi site but not at the Alabama site. Pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus organisms in Mississippi oyster and water samples were detected in 56% (9 out of 16) and 78% (43 out of 55) of samples, respectively. In contrast, 44% (7 out of 16) of oyster samples and 30% (14 out of 47) of water samples from Alabama were positive. At both sites, there was greater sample-to-sample variability in pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus densities than in total V. parahaemolyticus densities. These data suggest that, although total V. parahaemolyticus densities may be very informative, there is greater uncertainty when total V. parahaemolyticus densities are used to predict the risk of infection by pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus than previously recognized.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Zimmerman AM,DePaola A,Bowers JC,Krantz JA,Nordstrom JL,Johnson CN,Grimes DJdoi
10.1128/AEM.01700-07subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-12-01 00:00:00pages
7589-96issue
23eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336pii
AEM.01700-07journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A modified mariner transposon, miniHimar RB1, was generated to mutagenize cells of the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis. The use of this transposon led to the isolation of stable mutants and allowed rapid identification of disrupted genes. Fifty-eight mutants, including BG104 and BG148 with transposon in...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.8.4935-4937.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flavobacteria are a poorly understood and speciated group of commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens. The psychrotroph Flavobacterium psychrophilum is the etiological agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome and bacterial cold water disease, septicemic diseases that heavily impact salmonids. Consequently, two verifi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.2.750-759.2001
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 4430 in vol. 63.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different amounts of enterotoxin A-, B-, and C1-producing staphylococci were added to dry sausage prepared by normal processes, either alone or in conjunction with a starter culture (micrococci and lactobacilli). The sausage was examined after 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days for staphylococci, micrococci, and lactobacilli, a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.1.11-20.1976
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A compact housing unit for low-power (X6 to X50) cinemicrographic studies of microbial specimens in the vertical plane is described. This unit was used successfully to record the development of a "halo" of cells around subsurface colonies of Escherichia coli. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.32.2.294-297.1976
更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study quantified the levels of airborne microorganisms in six swine farms with more than 10,000 pigs in subtropical Taiwan. We evaluated breeding, growing, and finishing stalls, which were primarily open-air buildings, as well as partially enclosed farrowing and nursery piggeries. Airborne culturable bacteria, gr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.1.155-161.2001
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noroviruses (NoV) annually cause millions of cases of gastrointestinal disease in the United States. NoV are associated with raw shellfish outbreaks, particularly oysters, which are thought to bioaccumulate NoV particles during the filter-feeding process. NoV outbreaks, however, have also been known to occur from othe...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01566-10
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple synthetic liquid medium containing a single amino acid, glucose, salts, trace metals, and thiamine was developed for cultivation of Cercospora rosicola Passerini. Thiamine was shown to be important to growth. Culture of C. rosicola Passerini in a chemically defined medium makes possible studies of (+)-abscisi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.41.1.334-336.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic optimizations to achieve high-level production of three different proteins of medical importance for humans, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon alpha 2b (IFN-alpha2b), and single-chain antibody variable fragment (scFv-phOx), were investigated during high-cell-density cultivat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01804-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Very little is known about the interaction of bryophytes with bacteria. Therefore, we analyzed bacteria associated with three bryophyte species, Tortula ruralis, Aulacomnium palustre, and Sphagnum rubellum, which represent typical moss species of three nutrient-poor plant communities at the southern Baltic Sea coast i...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.11.6569-6579.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biotinylating reagent succinimidyl 6-(biotinamido)hexanoate was used to label the cell surfaces of the cosmopolitan, marine, eukaryotic microorganism Emiliania huxleyi under different growth conditions. Proteins characteristic of different nutrient conditions could be identified. In particular, a nitrogen-regulate...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.9.3311-3315.1995
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the harmful side effects on indigenous soil microorganisms of two organic solvents, acetone and dichloromethane, that are normally used for spiking of soil with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for experimental purposes. The solvents were applied in two contamination protocols to either the whole soil samp...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.4.1808-1816.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a biphasic culture system consisting of 4 ml of brucella agar (BA) and 6 ml of brucella broth (BB) in 25-cm2 tissue culture flasks, which were incubated in air (BB/BAa) or in a gas mixture of 5% O2, 10% CO2, and 85% N2 (BB/BAg). These media were also used with a supplement consisting of ferrous sulfate, s...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.1.284-289.1983
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The alphaproteobacterium Hyphomonas neptunium proliferates by a unique budding mechanism in which daughter cells emerge from the end of a stalk-like extension emanating from the mother cell body. Studies of this species so far have been hampered by the lack of a genetic system and of molecular tools allowing the regul...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03104-14
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a leading cause of food-borne illness. This human pathogen produces Shiga toxins (Stx1 and Stx2) which inhibit protein synthesis by inactivating ribosome function. The present study describes a novel cell-based assay to detect Stx2 and inhibitors of toxin activity. A Vero cell line harborin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02230-08
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crude extracts from 14 species of sulfate-reducing bacteria comprising the genera Desulfovibrio, Desulfotomaculum, Desulfobulbus, and Desulfosarcina and from three species of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria were tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with polyclonal antisera to adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.3.727-733.1991
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased listerial barotolerance at elevated osmolarity is attributed, in part, to the presence of accumulated betaine and L-carnitine. The percentage of listerial survival following exposure to 400 MPa for 5 min increased from 0.008 to 0.02% with added L-carnitine (5 mM) and to 0.05% with added betaine (5 mM). Furth...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.12.7555-7557.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many fungal pathogens have short generation times, large population sizes, and mixed reproductive systems, providing high potential to adapt to heterogeneous environments of agroecosystems. Such adaptation complicates disease management and threatens food production. A better understanding of pathogen population biolo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02908-19
更新日期:2020-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::The growth of marine bacteria under iron-limited conditions was investigated. Neither siderophore production nor bacterial growth was detected for Pelagiobacter sp. strain V0110 when Fe(III) was present in the culture medium at a concentration of <1.0 microM. However, the growth of V0110 was strongly stimulated by the...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.7.2797-2803.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on results from eight experiments, no overall difference was found between roll tube and three- and five-tube most-probable-number (MPN) methods for estimating total numbers of ruminal bacteria. However, standard errors for the replicate means within an experiment were higher with the MPN procedures. Visual grow...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.11.2789-2792.1989
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antifungal protein AFP from Aspergillus giganteus is highly effective in restricting the growth of major human- and plant-pathogenic filamentous fungi. However, a fundamental prerequisite for the use of AFP as an antifungal drug is a complete understanding of its mode of action. In this study, we performed several...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02497-06
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eight strains of the entomopathogen Bacillus popilliae were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and genomic size estimates of ;sim2,600 to 3,500 kb were obtained. The type strain, ATCC 14706, had a genomic size of 3,395 kb. For the six New Zealand isolates, the degree of similarity in the pulsed-field gel el...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.6.2446-2449.1995
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural denitrification rates and activities of denitrifying enzymes were measured in an agricultural soil which had a 20-year past history of low pH (pH ca. 4) due to fertilization with acid-generating ammonium salts. The soil adjacent to this site had been limed and had a pH of ca. 6.0. Natural denitrification rates...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.5.1053-1056.1985
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently only five (SEA-SEE) out of 27 known staphylococcal enterotoxins can be analyzed using commercially available kits.Six genes (seg, sei, sem, sen, seo, and seu), encoding putative and undetectable enterotoxins, are located on the enterotoxin gene cluster (egc) which is part of the Staphylococcus aureus genomic...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02662-20
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Strain DCB-1 is an obligately anaerobic bacterium which carries out the reductive dehalogenation of halobenzoates and was previously known to grow only on pyruvate plus 20% ruminal fluid. When various electron acceptors were supplied, thiosulfate and sulfite were found to stimulate growth. Sulfide was produced from th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.12.2938-2943.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Presumptive bacteriophage P1 transductants of Escherichia coli, isolated from soil inoculated with lysates of transducing phage P1 and E. coli, were confirmed to be lysogenic for phage P1 by hybridization with a biotinylated DNA probe prepared from the 1.2-kilobase-pair HindIII 3 fragment of bacteriophage P1. No P1 ly...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.3.661-665.1989
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences between the recombinant xylose-utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain TMB 3399 and the mutant strain TMB 3400, derived from TMB 3399 and displaying improved ability to utilize xylose, were investigated by using genome-wide expression analysis, physiological characterization, and biochemical assays. Samp...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.2.740-746.2003
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lantibiotics are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides with substantial posttranslational modifications. They are characterized by the unique amino acids lanthionine and methyllanthionine, which are introduced by dehydration of Ser/Thr residues and linkage of the resulting dehydrated amino acids with Cys resi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00299-15
更新日期:2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Fermentation of the pentose sugar xylose to ethanol in lignocellulosic biomass would make bioethanol production economically more competitive. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an efficient ethanol producer, can utilize xylose only when expressing the heterologous genes XYL1 (xylose reductase) and XYL2 (xylitol dehydrogenase)...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.67.9.4249-4255.2001
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gas chromatographic studies showed that nitrous oxide was produced in each instance when sterilized (autoclaved) soil was incubated after treatment with ammonium sulfate and inoculation with pure cultures of ammonia-oxidizing chemoautotrophic microorganisms (strains of Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira, and Nitrosolobus). Pr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.6.1060-1066.1980
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00