Abstract:
:The association of fruit and vegetable consumption and lung cancer incidence was evaluated using the most recent data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), applying a refined statistical approach (calibration) to account for measurement error potentially introduced by using food frequency questionnaire data. Between 1992 and 2000, detailed information on diet and life-style of 478,590 individuals participating in EPIC was collected. During a median follow-up of 6.4 years, 1,126 lung cancer cases were observed. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were applied for statistical evaluation. In the whole study population, fruit consumption was significantly inversely associated with lung cancer risk while no association was found for vegetable consumption. In current smokers, however, lung cancer risk significantly decreased with higher vegetable consumption; this association became more pronounced after calibration, the hazard ratio (HR) being 0.78 (95% CI 0.62-0.98) per 100 g increase in daily vegetable consumption. In comparison, the HR per 100 g fruit was 0.92 (0.85-0.99) in the entire cohort and 0.90 (0.81-0.99) in smokers. Exclusion of cases diagnosed during the first 2 years of follow-up strengthened these associations, the HR being 0.71 (0.55-0.94) for vegetables (smokers) and 0.86 (0.78-0.95) for fruit (entire cohort). Cancer incidence decreased with higher consumption of apples and pears (entire cohort) as well as root vegetables (smokers). In addition to an overall inverse association with fruit intake, the results of this evaluation add evidence for a significant inverse association of vegetable consumption and lung cancer incidence in smokers.
journal_name
Int J Cancerjournal_title
International journal of cancerauthors
Linseisen J,Rohrmann S,Miller AB,Bueno-de-Mesquita HB,Büchner FL,Vineis P,Agudo A,Gram IT,Janson L,Krogh V,Overvad K,Rasmuson T,Schulz M,Pischon T,Kaaks R,Nieters A,Allen NE,Key TJ,Bingham S,Khaw KT,Amiano P,Bardoi
10.1002/ijc.22807subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-09-01 00:00:00pages
1103-14issue
5eissn
0020-7136issn
1097-0215journal_volume
121pub_type
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