Abstract:
:Previous studies have demonstrated that animals exposed to Streptococcus pneumoniae while recovering from influenza A virus infection exhibit exacerbated disease symptoms. However, many of the current animal models exploring dual viral and bacterial synergistic exacerbations of respiratory disease have utilized mouse-adapted influenza virus and strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae that in themselves are highly lethal to mice. Here we describe a mouse model of bacterial superinfection in which a mild, self-limiting influenza virus infection is followed by mild, self-limiting superinfection with S. pneumoniae serotype 3. S. pneumoniae superinfection results in rapid dissemination of the bacterium from the respiratory tract and systemic spread to all major organs of the mice, resulting in fatal septicemia. This phenomenon in mice was observed in superinfected animals undergoing an active viral infection as well as in mice that had completely cleared the virus 7 to 8 days prior to superinfection. Neutrophils were the predominant cellular inflammatory infiltrate in the lungs of superinfected mice compared to singly infected animals. Among other cytokines and chemokines, the neutrophil activator granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was found to be significantly overexpressed in the spleens, lungs, and brains of superinfected animals. High G-CSF protein levels were observed in sera and lung lavage fluid from superinfected animals, suggesting that G-CSF is a major contributor to synergistic exacerbation of disease leading to fatal septicemia.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Speshock JL,Doyon-Reale N,Rabah R,Neely MN,Roberts PCdoi
10.1128/IAI.01943-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-06-01 00:00:00pages
3102-11issue
6eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522pii
IAI.01943-06journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Candida albicans is a major opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients. Production of proinflammatory cytokines by host cells in response to C. albicans plays a critical role in the activation of immune cells and final clearance of the organism. Invasion of host cells and tissues is considered one of the vir...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.8.4588-4595.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DC) suffer a maturation defect following interaction with erythrocytes infected with malaria parasites and become unable to induce protective malaria liver-stage immunity. Here we show that, by contrast, maturation-arrested DC in vitro are capable of the successful induction of antigen-specific gamma ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.9.5331-5339.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outer membrane protein F (porin) was purified by extraction from polyacrylamide gels of cell envelope proteins of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain. Rats were immunized intramuscularly with 25 micrograms of protein F on days 1 and 14 and then challenged on day 28 via intratracheal inoculation of bacterium-contain...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.5.1017-1022.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the enteropathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides, the rate of isolation of these organisms was compared among individuals with and without diarrhea in Thailand. In two groups of American travelers, A. hydrophila, but not P. shigelloides, was associated with episodes of travelers...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.35.2.666-673.1982
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mice immunized intravenously 10 days earlier (but not those immunized 2 months earlier) with an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 aroA live vaccine and tested for delayed-type hypersensitivity by injection of crude Salmonella extracts in the footpad can die within 24 to 48 h of an unexplained allergic reaction....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.6.2285-2288.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peritoneal exudate cells from chickens immunized with two species of coccidia, Eimeria tenella or Eimeria maxima, were examined for their capacity to phagocytose stages of the parasite in vitro. True phagocytosis of the sporozoite stage is difficult to estimate because of its ability to invade cells, but may be evalua...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.10.4.862-871.1974
更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organisms of the Mycobacterium avium complex are associated with disseminated infection in patients with AIDS. The mechanisms that account for the survival of the intracellular bacteria are unknown. We document here that infection of C57BL/6 black mice with M. avium 101 triggered interleukin-10 (IL-10) production. The...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.7.3093-3097.1993
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymorphonuclear leukocytes from 46 adults (age 18 to 35), 19 adults (age 70 to 91), 10 children (age 1 to 3), and 22 neonates (cord blood samples) were tested for their chemiluminescence response to opsonized zymosan. Results indicated that both cord blood leukocytes and those from individuals over 70 were significa...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.22.1.57-61.1978
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local passive immunization with monoclonal antibodies (Mc Ab) to Streptococcus mutans was attempted as an alternative approach to active systemic immunization. We prepared an immunoglobulin G class Mc Ab to the cell surface protein determinant of streptococcal antigen I/II and applied it repeatedly to the teeth of rhe...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.50.3.796-799.1985
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans are the sole reservoir of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, an organism which undergoes a marked increase in metabolic rate after exposure to a low-molecular-weight, heat-stable component(s) of human serum. Further studies on the effect of serum on gonococcal metabolism were undertaken. Gonococcal broth (GCB) is commonly ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.50.3.738-744.1985
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although certain helminth infections preferentially induce type 2 T-cell responses, the immunological mechanisms responsible for type 2 T-cell polarization remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of excretory-secretory (ES) antigen from the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis on cytokine pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.11.6233-6239.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human systemic antibody levels to oral members of the Bacteroides genus were assessed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibody levels to B. gingivalis, two homology groups of B. intermedius, B. melaninogenicus, B. denticola, B. loescheii, B. corporis, B. oralis, B. buccae, and B. gracilis were determined in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.51.2.507-513.1986
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::l-Arginine (1 M) eluted measles virus adsorbed on monkey erythrocytes without affecting the infectious and hemagglutinating activities of the virus. This phenomenon was also observed for encephalomyocarditis virus and Newcastle disease virus. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.11.6.1407-1408.1975
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initiation of a gonococcal infection involves attachment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to the plasma membrane of an epithelial cell in the mucosal epithelium and its internalization, transepithelial trafficking, and exocytosis from the basal membrane. Piliation and expression of certain Opa proteins and the immunoglobulin ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.2.896-905.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary antibody response of BALB/c splenocytes to sheep erythrocytes in vitro was suppressed by infection with Friend leukemia virus (FLV), with the response capacity decreasing with increasing duration of infection. The acquisition of normal antibody responses was amplified by macrophage-produced antibody respon...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.39.3.1260-1264.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes to the capillary endothelium can cause obstruction and localized tissue damage. Occlusion of vessels in falciparum malaria infection has been related to two properties of the parasite: adhesion to endothelial cells and rosette formation. Our study on P. falc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.11.4483-4490.1992
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mouse spleen cells which normally cannot support the in vivo replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) became susceptible to VSV infection after the intraperitoneal growth of certain syngeneic and allogeneic tumors. After 3 days' growth of P815 tumor cells in syngeneic DBA/2 mice, the viral-permissive state for ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.32.3.1014-1023.1981
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonellae possess the ability to adhere to and invade macrophages and in so doing trigger a number of intracellular events that are associated with cellular activation. As an initial approach to defining the mechanisms by which invasive salmonellae alter macrophage function, we have explored the impact of Salmonella...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.5.1820-1826.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mucosal and systemic immune responses after primary and booster immunizations with two attenuated live oral vaccine strains derived from a noninvasive (Vibrio cholerae) and an invasive (Salmonella typhi) enteric pathogen were comparatively evaluated. Vaccination with S. typhi Ty21a elicited antibody-secreting cell...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.7.3680-3685.1999
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have focused on regions of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1) causing immunomodulation. N-terminal deletion mutants lacking residues 6 through 13 induced T-cell proliferation similar to that induced by native toxin. However, mutants with residues deleted between positions 19 and 33, although nonmitogenic themselv...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.8.3396-3407.1994
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helicobacter mustelae, like Helicobacter pylori, possesses two flagellin proteins, FlaA and FlaB. Isogenic mutant strains of H. mustelae have been constructed by disruption of the flaA or flaB gene with a kanamycin resistance cassette or by introduction of both a kanamycin and a chloramphenicol resistance gene to prod...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.5.1962-1966.1997
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complement-fixing (CF) activity of antigens from cultured Burkitt lymphoma cells was determined by using normal American sera as the source of antibody. Approximately 75% of the sera fixed complement with the positive cell lines. These lines contained the herpes-like virus detectable by electron microscopy. The co...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.4.1.20-22.1971
更新日期:1971-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae is a fermentative microorganism and causes serious diseases in humans, including otitis media, bacteremia, meningitis, and pneumonia. However, the mechanisms enabling pneumococcal survival in the host and causing disease in different tissues are incompletely understood. The available evidence ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02005-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe here a Sprague-Dawley rat model for chronic osteomyelitis. Staphylococcus aureus and sodium morrhuate were implanted by either microdrilling or direct needle injection into the tibiae of rats. Of 107 rats, 87 (81%) developed osteomyelitis when a high-speed drill was used for implantation, and 27 (51%) of 5...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.47.3.581-586.1985
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoglobulin A (IgA) was prepared from samples of parotid saliva collected from two individuals over a 150-day period. Standardized solutions of the IgA were tested for agglutinating antibody activity against strains of streptococcus salivarius, S. sanguis, S. mitis, and S. mutans that had been isolated from a homol...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.11.3.603-606.1975
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repeated immunizations of CF1 mice with irradiated noninfectious Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes resulted in partial protection against infection with live parasites. It also induced a limited number of antibody species that were reactive in Western blots with trypomastigote but not with epimastigote or amastigote p...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.46.3.826-830.1984
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::At pH 7.4 and in the presence of NaHCO3, human milk and bovine colostrum inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli O111. Adding sufficient iron to saturate the iron-binding capacity of the lactoferrin present in the milk or colostrum prevented bacteriostasis. At pH 6.8 neither molk nor colostrum inhibited E. coli 0111....
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.15.2.396-401.1977
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pretreatment with multiple doses of polymyxin B and colistimethate was evaluated as to its ability to sequester sufficient antibiotic in tissues to neutralize the effects of endotoxin in three animal models. Animals were challenged with endotoxin 24, 48, or 72 h after the last dose of antibiotic when there was minimal...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.10.2.287-292.1974
更新日期:1974-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis remains a leading killer worldwide, and new approaches for its treatment and prevention are urgently needed. This effort will benefit greatly from a better understanding of gene regulation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, particularly with respect to this pathogen's response to its host environment. We exam...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.3.1518-1529.2002
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memory CD8+ T cells are essential for protective immunity against many intracellular pathogens; therefore, stimulation of this population of cells is an important goal of vaccination. We have previously shown that a detoxified derivative of Bacillus anthracis anthrax lethal toxin (LT) can deliver heterologous CD8+ T-c...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01208-07
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00