The routinisation of genomics and genetics: implications for ethical practices.

abstract：:With the recent developments in the Human Genome Mapping Project and the new technologies that are developing from it there is a renewal of concern about eugenic applications. Francis Galton (b1822, d1911), who developed the subject of eugenics, suggested that the ancient Greeks had contributed very little to social t...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Galton DJ

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper investigates the efficiency of application of medical ethics principles in the practice of artificial insemination by donors (AID) in China, in a culture characterised by traditional ethical values and disapproval of AID. The paper presents the ethical approach to AID treatment as established by the Reprodu...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Li LJ,Lu GX

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of regenerative medicine is to reconstruct tissue that has been lost or pathologically altered. Therapeutic cloning seems to offer a method of achieving this aim; however, the ethical debate surrounding human therapeutic cloning is highly controversial. Artificial parthenogenesis-obtaining embryos from unferti...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Fangerau H

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To demonstrate Japanese doctors' and nurses' attitudes towards and practices of voluntary euthanasia (VE) and to compare their attitudes and practices in this regard. DESIGN:Postal survey, conducted between October and December 1999, using a self-administered questionnaire. PARTCIPANTS: All doctor members an...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Asai A,Ohnishi M,Nagata SK,Tanida N,Yamazaki Y

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dr Caitríona L Cox's recent article expounds the far-reaching implications of the 'Healthcare Hero' metaphor. She presents a detailed overview of heroism in the context of clinical care, revealing that healthcare workers, when portrayed as heroes, face challenges in reconciling unreasonable expectations of personal sa...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Khan Z,Iwai Y,DasGupta S

更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:The difficulties of undertaking good quality effectiveness research in palliative medicine are well documented. Much of the ethical literature in this area focuses on the vulnerability of the palliative care population. It is clear that a wider ethical approach will need to be used to justify research in the...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Keeley PW

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Determining whether a research risk meets or exceeds a regulatory standard of risk acceptability is difficult. Recently a framework called the systematic evaluation of research risks (SERR) has been proposed as a method of comparing research risks with predetermined standards of acceptability. SERR purports to offer a...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Rossi J,Nelson RM

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some disability rights advocates criticise prenatal testing and selective abortion on the grounds that these practices express negative attitudes towards existing persons with disabilities. Disability rights advocates also commonly criticise and oppose physician-assisted suicide (PAS) and euthanasia on the same ground...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Reed P

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The patient, a 59-year-old man, was referred to a psychiatric hospital with what appeared initially to be the signs and symptoms of mental disorder. In hospital a lesion of the brain was diagnosed and surgery was proposed to relieve the condition. The patient, however, during this and subsequent admissions to hospital...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors：

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 2018 and 2019 Cancer Research UK (CRUK) launched a controversial advertising campaign to inform the British public of obesity being a preventable cause of cancer. On each occasion the advertisements used were emotive and provoked frustration among the British public which was widely vocalised on social media. As we...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Varshney N

更新日期：2020-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Future HIV vaccine efficacy trials with adolescents will need to ensure that participants comprehend study concepts in order to confer true informed assent. A Hepatitis B vaccine trial with adolescents offers valuable opportunity to test youth understanding of vaccine trial requirements in general. METHOD...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Lee S,Kapogiannis BG,Flynn PM,Rudy BJ,Bethel J,Ahmad S,Tucker D,Abdalian SE,Hoffman D,Wilson CM,Cunningham CK,Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV\/AIDS Interventions.

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I sketch a libertarian argument for the right to test in the context of 'direct to consumer' (DTC) genetic testing. A libertarian right to genetic tests, as defined here, relies on the idea of a moral right to self-ownership. I show how a libertarian right to test can be inferred from this general libertarian premise,...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Loi M

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In terms of ethical implications, Boers, van Delden and Bredenoord (2018) have made an interesting step forward with their model of organoids as hybrids, which seeks to find a balance between subject-like value and object-like value. Their framework aims to introduce effective procedures not to exploit donors and to i...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Lavazza A

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Jehovah's Witnesses are students of the Bible. They refuse transfusions out of obedience to the scriptural directive to abstain and keep from blood. Dr Muramoto disagrees with the Witnesses' religious beliefs in this regard. Despite this basic disagreement over the meaning of Biblical texts, Muramoto flouts the religi...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Ridley DT

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging of patients in a vegetative state have raised the possibility that such patients retain some degree of consciousness. In this paper, the ethical implications of such findings are outlined, in particular in relation to decisions about withdrawing life-sustainin...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wilkinson DJ,Kahane G,Horne M,Savulescu J

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current UK legislation is impacting upon the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of medical record-based research aimed at benefiting the NHS and the public heath. Whereas previous commentators have focused on the Data Protection Act 1998, the Health and Social Care Act 2001 is the key legislation for public health res...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Metcalfe C,Martin RM,Noble S,Lane JA,Hamdy FC,Neal DE,Donovan JL

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two protechnology arguments, the "hopeful principle" and the "automatic escalator", often used in bioethics, are identified and critically analysed in this paper. It is shown that the hopeful principle is closely related to the problematic precautionary principle, and the automatic escalator argument has close affinit...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Holm S,Takala T

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Technological advances in genetic testing have enabled prospective parents to learn about their risk of passing a genetic condition to their future children. One option for those who want to ensure that their biological children do not inherit a genetic condition is to create embryos through in vitro fertilisation (IV...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Kilbride MK

更新日期：2020-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Sterilisation is the most desired method of contraception worldwide. In 1996, the Brazilian Congress approved a family planning law that legitimised female and male sterilisation, but forbade sterilisation during childbirth. As a result of this law, procedures currently occur in a clandestine nature upon payment. Desp...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Soares LC,Brollo JL

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As a science and practice transcending metaphysical and ethical disagreements, 'secular' medicine should not exist. 'Secularity' should be understood in an Augustinian sense, not a secularist one: not as a space that is universally rational because it is religion-free, but as a forum for the negotiation of rival reaso...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Biggar N

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extraordinary events surrounding the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine in the United Kingdom have not only placed in jeopardy the use of this triple vaccine but have also spread concern to other parts of the world. Examination of the public's worry about MMR vaccine reveals they have been exposed to a rang...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Clements CJ,Ratzan S

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One theme of London University lawyer Ian Kennedy's 1980 Reith Lectures on medical ethics was the need to change the emphasis in physician patient relations from paternalism on the part of doctors to self determination on the part of patients. Bamford, a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology, demonstrates how reali...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Bamford PN

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A patient is described, a woman of 60, who at that age was diagnosed as having Huntington's chorea, a genetic disease which is transmitted as an autosomal dominant. She had one daughter, who was married and lived abroad. The patient's mother and maternal aunt, it emerged during the consultations, had had the disease, ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors：

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although an invasive medical intervention, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been regarded as an efficient and safe treatment of Parkinson's disease for the last 20 years. In terms of clinical ethics, it is worth asking whether the use of DBS may have unanticipated negative effects similar to those associated with othe...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Gilbert F

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Futile treatment is one ethically challenging situation commonly encountered by junior doctors. By analysing an intern's story using a role virtues framework, I propose a set of three steps for junior doctors facing this problem. I claim that junior doctors ought always to investigate the rationale underlying decision...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： McDougall R

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two general ethical problems in psychiatry are thrown into sharp relief by long term care. This article discusses each in turn, in the context of two anonymised case studies from actual clinical practice. First, previous mental health legislation soothed doubts about patients' refusal of consent by incorporating time ...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Dickenson D

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dual-track assessment directs research ethics committees (RECs) to assess the risks of research interventions based on the unclear distinction between therapeutic and non-therapeutic interventions. The net risks test, in contrast, relies on the clinically familiar method of assessing the risks and benefits of interven...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Wendler D,Miller FG

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an earlier article in this journal, I advanced five ethical arguments in favour of a voluntary, unpaid system of blood donation. In his reply to my article, Hugh McLachlan criticised one of those arguments, namely, the argument that an unpaid system promotes altruism and social solidarity. In this reply to Dr. McLa...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Keown J

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this paper is to stimulate academic debate on embryo and fetal research from the perspective of the drafting of a protocol to the European Convention on Biomedicine. The Steering Committee on Bioethics of the Council of Europe was mandated to draw up such a protocol and for this purpose organised an i...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Byk JC

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Teaching medical ethics to medical students in a pluralistic society is a challenging task. Teachers of ethics have obligations not just to teach the subject matter but to help create an academic environment in which well motivated students have reinforcement of their inherent good qualities. Emphasis should be placed...

journal_title：Journal of medical ethics

authors： Glick SM

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00