Abstract：
:The depressive effects of noncontingent and explicitly unpaired food unconditioned stimuli (USs) and the recovery from those effects on autoshaped responding were examined in a series of experiments with pigeons. In Experiments 1 and 2, responding to a keylight conditioned stimulus (CS) previously paired with food was depressed equally by explicitly unpaired presentations of either that same food or a different food. Furthermore, responding recovered equally following removal of the explicitly unpaired foods. In contrast, Experiments 3 and 4 showed that noncontingent presentations of a food US depressed responding more to a keylight CS paired with that same food than to a keylight CS paired with a different food. Moreover, removal of the noncontingent foods led to complete recovery but more rapid extinction of responding to the same keylight relative to the different keylight. The implications of these results for understanding the mechanisms underlying depression and recovery of responding following degraded contingency and explicitly unpaired extinction procedures are discussed.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Colwill RMdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2006.09.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-10 00:00:00pages
1-12issue
1eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(06)00196-3journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Although animals typically prefer to exert less effort rather than more effort to obtain food, the present research shows that requiring greater effort to obtain food at a particular location appears to increase the value of that location. In Experiment 1, pigeons' initial preference for one feeder was significantly r...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2004.07.001
更新日期：2004-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Elucidating the multi-faceted relationship between cognitive competence and affective states is a major pursuit in behavioral sciences. Mood disorders constitute a good research model for this question, as cognitive impairment may accompany clinical depression and persist after full remission. This suggests cognitive ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104103
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nearly all species of sexually dimorphic ungulates sexually segregate. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, including the social-factors hypothesis (SFH) and the predation hypothesis (PH). Interestingly, previous studies have accepted and rejected each hypothesis within and across species ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.01.003
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In serial feature-negative (SFN) training to a target unconditioned stimulus (US), eight rats received two types of intermingled trials: (1) trials in which a tone was followed by the delivery of a single food pellet US, and (2) trials in which the delivery of a single food pellet US was followed by three additional f...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(99)00063-7
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether dogs that exhibit stereotypy also show higher behavioral persistence in an extinction-learning task. Thirteen pet dogs with stereotypy and 13 breed-matched control dogs were assessed on a resistance to extinction test. Each dog was trained for 40 trials using a food...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2014.04.009
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When competing for mates, males typically exhibit higher rates of intrasexual aggression and courtship than females. Operational sex ratio, represented here by adult sex ratio (ASR) as a proxy, is likely the best predictor of this competition, which typically increases between members of one sex as members of the oppo...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2016.05.001
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial expressions have been extensively used to assess emotions in humans and thus could be extended to other species that also display facial movements. In mice both painful and fearful situations have been associated with particular shifts in facial expressions. Like other species, mice frequently show a great inte...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2015.08.002
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was performed to investigate whether and how pre-exposure to an object affects subsequent filial imprinting to that object. In Experiment 1 junglefowl chicks (Gallus gallus spadiceus) were first exposed to either a red object alone (control group), or a red and a yellow object simultaneously (experim...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(96)00011-3
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pigeons pecked keys or pressed treadles on variable ratio schedules in which they earned their total daily ration of food. Ratio requirements varied in five steps from 15 to 240 responses per reinforcer. Results were generally similar for pecking and pressing. Rates of responding increased with increases in the ratio ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(87)90014-3
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research on categorization has changed over time, and some of these changes resemble how Wittgenstein's views changed from his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus to his Philosophical Investigations. Wittgenstein initially focused on unambiguous, abstract, parsimonious, logical propositions and rules, and on independent, s...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2004.03.012
更新日期：2004-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The way animals move through space is likely to affect the way they learn and remember spatial information. For example, a pelagic fish, Astyanax fasciatus, moves freely in vertical and horizontal space and encodes information from both dimensions with similar accuracy. Benthic fish can also move with six degrees of f...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2014.08.011
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite a shared recognition that the design of the human mind and the design of human culture are tightly linked, researchers in the evolutionary social sciences tend to specialize in understanding one at the expense of the other. The disciplinary boundaries roughly correspond to research traditions that focus more o...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2018.05.013
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Female and male animals often choose mates based upon the complementarity of their courtship behaviours and preferences. The importance of this fact on the evolutionary dynamics of populations has long been appreciated. What has not been appreciated is the role that social learning might play in the transmission of sy...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(00)00127-3
更新日期：2000-10-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Animals show various forms of behavioral thermoregulation to minimize cold stress. Given that higher dominance rank is often associated with increased fitness in group-living animals, higher-ranking individuals may also benefit from better access to thermally optimal spatial positions within huddles. This study examin...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104317
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The present research assessed adduction involving derived stimulus relations as a function of environmental complexity. In Group CA, four college students were trained with arbitrary-matching-to-sample discriminations that could have established four, 3-member stimulus classes. In Group EA, four other students were tr...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.07.008
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted an experiment on female Anolis carolinensis lizards to investigate whether social factors influenced their selection of an end-chamber in a test arena. We tested (1) whether characteristics of males previously seen in the end-chambers would influence female choice and (2) whether the presence of other fem...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2010.01.005
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The current study used the protocol established to produce retroactive interference (RI) in contextual memory paradigms and applied it to an appetitive learning setting. Rats were first subjected to the learning of an operant conditioning, action-outcome (A-O) association and were tested in a probe (A-O probe) session...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.104020
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resurgence of previously extinguished behavior may occur when a recently reinforced alternative response is placed on extinction. Understanding the conditions that produce and reduce resurgence is important for both basic and applied researchers. Research on resurgence of human behavior may benefit from methods that f...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.05.004
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of criteria have been suggested for testing if pain occurs in animals, and these include an analgesic effect of opiates (Bateson, 1991). Morphine reduces responses to noxious stimuli in crustaceans but also reduces responsiveness in a non-pain context. Here we use a paradigm in which shore crabs receive a sho...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.02.002
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychosocial stress can cause mental conditions such as depression in humans. To develop drug therapies for the treatment of depression, it is necessary to use animal models of depression to screen drug candidates that exhibit anti-depressive effects. Unfortunately, the present methods of drug screening for antidepres...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2016.12.003
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most studies of mate choice have focused on female preference for male traits because it is generally assumed that since males provide less parental investment they are not choosy. However, if males suffer missed opportunity costs by mating with lower quality females, selection should favor males with the ability to d...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2009.05.001
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dominance relationships were studied between marked or otherwise individually recognizable male green swordtails in a creek at Lake Catemaco and in a tributary of the Rio Atoyac (Veracruz, Mexico). The Atoyac population is unique because of a high degree of polymorphism, including both macromelanophore spotting and a ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(98)00003-5
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stereotypies often develop in environments that independent evidence shows cause poor welfare. Thus the development od stereotypies indicates that well-being has probably been poor, with the animal motivated to show a behaviour pattern that it could not perform normally or to completion. The continued performance of s...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(91)90013-P
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Species recognition is essential for efficient communication between conspecifics. For this to occur, species information must be unambiguously encoded in the repertoire of each species' vocalizations. Until now, the study of species recognition in songbirds has been focused mainly on male songs and male territorial b...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2005.07.007
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Underwater sound fields can be complex, both in open water and small tank environments. Here we measured 1) spatial variation in artificially elevated sound levels in a small fish tank for both particle motion and sound pressure. We confirmed that the ratio of pressure and particle motion deviated considerably from wh...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.04.001
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Social play is a window on cognitive and communicative abilities of species. Inter-specific play, in particular, is a fertile venue to explore the capacity to correctly perceive and interpret signals emitted by partners. Up to now, most studies have focussed on dog-human play due to the important implications such stu...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104104
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to develop and characterize a novel (standard) open field test adapted for larval zebrafish. We also developed and characterized a variant of the same assay consisting of a colour-enriched open field; this was used to assess the impact of environmental complexity on patterns of exploratory behaviours ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.10.014
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we describe the modification and use of a new tool type in the woodpecker finch (Cactospiza pallida). This species is known to habitually use twigs or cactus spines to extract arthropods out of tree holes. We observed an adult and a juvenile bird using several barbed twigs from introduced blackberry bushes (Rubus...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.10.016
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to test the prediction that when two rewards, a smaller but "socially closer" one and a larger but "socially more distant" one, are moved away from the subject by the same social distance, subjective value of the socially more distant reward will increase (i.e. the rate of social d...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2015.02.010
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the contribution of response bias to measures of delay discounting in Long-Evans rats (n=8) using the adjusting amount procedure. Under this procedure, we assessed preference for 150microl of 10% sucrose solution delivered following a delay over a variable-amount alternative delivered immediately. ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2010.02.017
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
