Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Approximate entropy (ApEn) measures regularity in time series data, while traditional linear statistics measure variability. Using self-reported mood data from patients with bipolar disorder, this preliminary study addressed whether ApEn could distinguish (i) the 60 days prior to the start of a manic or depressed episode from the 60 days prior to a month of euthymia, and (ii) the 60 days prior to a manic episode from the 60 days prior to a depressed episode. METHODS:Self-reported mood data from 49 outpatients with bipolar disorder receiving standard treatment were analysed. The data contained 27 episodes (12 manic and 15 depressed), and 43 periods of 1 month of euthymia. For the 60 days prior to episode or euthymia, the ApEn, linear statistics and the correlation between linear and non-linear measures were calculated. RESULTS:ApEn was significantly greater in the 60 days prior to a manic or depressive episode than the 60 days prior to a month of euthymia. The onset of an episode was associated with greater irregularity in mood. Variability was also significantly larger and correlated with ApEn. ApEn was significantly greater in the 60 days prior to a manic episode than in the 60 days prior to a depressed episode, whereas measures of variability were not significantly different. Mood in the 60 days prior to mania was more irregular than prior to depression. CONCLUSIONS:Non-linear measures may complement traditional linear measures in the analysis of longitudinal data in bipolar disorder. A larger study is indicated.
journal_name
Bipolar Disordjournal_title
Bipolar disordersauthors
Glenn T,Whybrow PC,Rasgon N,Grof P,Alda M,Baethge C,Bauer Mdoi
10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00373.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-10-01 00:00:00pages
424-9issue
5 Pt 1eissn
1398-5647issn
1399-5618pii
BDI373journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVES:While the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) remains to be elucidated, postmortem and neuroimaging studies have suggested that abnormalities in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are implicated. We compared the levels of specific brain chemicals of interest measured with proton magnetic resonan...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00454.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We combined multimodal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and structural magnetic resonance imaging to probe abnormalities in brain circuits underpinning episodic memory performance deficits in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). METHODS:We acquired whole-brain fMRI data in 21 patients with BD an...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12241
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute mania can be modeled in animals using D-amphetamine (AMPH). Acute AMPH injections are associated with monoamine depletion, loss of neurofilaments and neurite degeneration. However, the precise mechanisms underlying AMPH-induced neurotoxicity are still unclear. Several studies have demonstrated that oxi...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00318.x
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Cigarette smoking in individuals with bipolar disorder has been associated with suicidal behavior, although the precise relationship between the two remains unclear. METHODS:In this prospective observational study of 116 individuals with bipolar disorder, we examined the association between smoking and suic...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00744.x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Mismatch negativity (MMN) and its magnetic counterpart (MMNm) are thought to reflect an automatic process that detects a difference between an incoming stimulus and the sensory memory trace of preceding stimuli. In patients with schizophrenia, an attenuation of the MMN/MMNm amplitude has been repeatedly repo...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12208
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Several lines of evidence suggest that deficits in cognition persist in bipolar patients during periods of euthymia. Working memory impairment has been observed in euthymic bipolar patients and noted to be a significant source of functional deficits in psychiatric disorders. Functional changes associated wit...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2004.00117.x
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the antimanic efficacy and safety of paliperidone extended-release (ER) tablets in patients with bipolar I disorder. METHODS:This study included a 3-week, double-blind, acute treatment phase (paliperidone ER versus placebo, with quetiapine as control), and a 9-week, double-blind, maintenance pha...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00815.x
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate neurochemical abnormalities in the left and right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) of youth at risk for bipolar disorder using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and after their first mood episode. METHODS:Children and adolescents offsprin...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12770
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the dopaminergic-enhancing agent modafinil/armodafinil (MoArm) as adjunctive treatment for bipolar depression. METHODS:A comprehensive search of major electronic databases was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adjunct...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1111/bdi.12859
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Up to 75% of patients with bipolar I disorder (BD-I) are overweight or obese. Obesity is associated with an increased liability for mood episodes in patients with established BD-I, but data from early in the illness are lacking. Obesity in the general population is also consistently associated with functiona...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00855.x
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of the current study was to inform ongoing attempts to identify clinically meaningful subcategories of auditory verbal hallucination (AVH), and to evaluate evidence that might pertain to the suitability of current psychological interventions for people with bipolar disorder (BD) who experience psycho...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bdi.12520
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Bipolar disorder (BD) is a psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality that cannot be distinguished from major depressive disorder (MDD) until the first manic episode. A biomarker able to differentiate BD and MDD could help clinicians avoid risks of treating BD with antidepressants without mood st...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12175
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Previous studies found evidence for thinner frontotemporal cortices in bipolar disorder (BD), yet whether this represents a stable disease trait or an effect of mood episodes remains unknown. Here, we assessed the reproducibility of thinner frontotemporal cortices in BD type II, compared longitudinal changes...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12771
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Lithium is often the mood stabilizer of choice for the treatment of type I bipolar disorder. However, side effects as well as the narrow therapeutic dosing range often complicate its use. Lithium toxicity can be fatal and its serum level needs to be closely monitored, especially at the time of introduction a...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12174
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Data from the imaging literature have led to suggestions that permanent structural brain changes may be associated with bipolar disorder. Individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder display deficits on a range of neuropsychological tasks in both the acute and euthymic phases of illness, and correlations between experi...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2005.00203.x
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment-emergent mania (TEM) represents a common phenomenon inconsistently reported across primary studies, warranting further assessment. METHODS:A systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and Meta-Analysis of Observation...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1111/bdi.12612
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the effects of mood and additional clinical variables on different domains of current interviewer-rated social adjustment reflecting the reported behaviour of patients with bipolar disorder (BD). METHOD:Multi-center cross-sectional study employing multiple linear regression to investigate wheth...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2007.00343.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The quality of life (QoL) construct is becoming more prominent in bipolar disorder (BD) research and practice. Uptake of the construct parallels an earlier trend in schizophrenia research, and coincides with growing interest in psychosocial components of BD's aetiology, phenomenology, and treatment. We argue that, alt...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12016
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine (QTP) combined with lithium (Li) or divalproex (DVP) in the treatment of acute mania. METHODS:Patients were randomized to 21 days of double-blind treatment with QTP plus Li/DVP, or placebo (PBO) plus Li/DVP. QTP was rapidly dosed up to a maximum of 800 mg/...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2004.00115.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The increased standardized mortality ratio (SMR) from cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women with bipolar disorder (BD), relative to men with BD and individuals of both sexes in the general population, provides the impetus to identify factors that contribute to the differential association of obesity with BD i...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bdi.12141
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Extensive preclinical and clinical evidence suggests mitochondrial dysfunction in bipolar disorder. Studies of brain energy metabolism in bipolar disorder suggest an impairment of energy generation by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Lithium is an effective drug widely used in treating bipolar disord...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00729.x
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The use of olanzapine (OLZ) in the prevention of postpartum psychosis (PP) and mood episodes in women with bipolar disorder was investigated in a naturalistic, prospective study. METHODS:Eleven women received OLZ alone or in combination with an antidepressant or mood stabilizer, and 14 women received either...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2006.00335.x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Caregivers of people with bipolar disorder often have depression and health problems. This study aimed to evaluate the sustained effects of a 12-15 week psychoeducational intervention on the health and mental health of caregivers of persons with bipolar disorder. We also evaluated the effects of the interven...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/bdi.12621
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess rates of conversion to bipolar spectrum disorder (BPSD) and risk factors associated with conversion in children with depressive spectrum disorders (DSD) and transient manic symptoms (TMS) over 18 months. TMS are manic-like symptoms of insufficient duration or number to warrant a diagnosis of BPSD. ...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00847.x
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Recent theories regarding the neuropathology of bipolar disorder suggest that both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes may play a role. While magnetic resonance imaging has provided significant insight into the structural, functional, and connectivity abnormalities associated with bipolar disor...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01024.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Suicide is a multicausal human behavior, with devastating and immensely distressing consequences. Its prevalence is estimated to be 20-30 times greater in patients with bipolar disorders than in the general population. The burden of suicide and its high prevalence in bipolar disorders make it imperative th...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bdi.12622
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several studies have challenged the traditional unipolar-bipolar dichotomy in favor of a more dimensional approach. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the differences in mood spectrum between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) during a major depressive episode (MDE). METHOD:Study pa...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bdi.12855
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Randomized trials of adjunctive psychotherapy for bipolar disorder are reviewed, in tandem with discussion of cost-effectiveness, mediating mechanisms, and moderators of effects. METHODS:Systematic searches of the MEDLINE and PSYCHLIT databases yielded 19 randomized controlled trials of individual family an...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2009.00715.x
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The present study evaluated inhaled loxapine for the acute treatment of agitation in patients with bipolar I disorder. METHODS:A Phase 3, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group inpatient study was performed at 17 psychiatric research facilities. Agitated patients (N=314) with bipolar I ...
journal_title：Bipolar disorders
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00975.x
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
