Abstract：
:Recent advances in the management of gastric cancer, especially in the arena of chemotherapy, are paving the way for optimization of treatment that maximizes effectiveness while minimizing toxicity. The expansion of the chemotherapeutic armamentarium has led to multiple combinations of cytotoxic agents. Unfortunately, the benefit of chemotherapy has been modest at best, and no one combination has shown significant superiority over the others in comparative Phase III trials. It is in this setting that pharmacogenetic advances have the potential to play an important role in achieving superior clinical outcome among different subsets of patients through prospective prediction of clinical benefit to particular regimens. We are just beginning to make inroads in gastric cancer pharmacogenetics, mostly through small, pilot retrospective studies. Several potential candidates, such as thymidylate synthase, excision repair complementation group 1 and glutahione S-transferase P1, have been identified so far and more are bound to surface, especially when biologic therapies are added to the armamentarium. Serious challenges lay ahead given the complex nature of cytotoxic metabolism with multiple players working together to influence drug effectiveness and/or toxicity. Well-designed large prospective trials are needed to identify key genes among the multiple potential candidates that can help a clinician make real-time treatment decisions in respect to a particular regimen depending on a patient's pharmacogenetic profile.
journal_name
Curr Opin Pharmacoljournal_title
Current opinion in pharmacologyauthors
Park DJ,Lenz HJdoi
10.1016/j.coph.2006.05.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-08-01 00:00:00pages
337-44issue
4eissn
1471-4892issn
1471-4973pii
S1471-4892(06)00092-0journal_volume
6pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Obesity is characterized by the presence of chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, particularly in the visceral compartment, that has been causally linked to development of obesity-associated comorbidities. This link can be either direct or indirect, through induction of insulin resistance. This review summarizes rec...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2013.04.008
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibrosis can occur in most organs and is characterised by excessive and progressive extracellular matrix deposition and destruction of normal tissue architecture and function. In many cases treatment options are limited. Fibrotic diseases are therefore associated with high morbidity and mortality. Tissue biopsies rema...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2019.09.010
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) modulate neurotransmission all along the pain neuraxis. While the involvement of group I and group II mGluRs in pain is well documented, information has only just started to emerge concerning the role and contribution of group III mGluRs subtypes to pain modulation. Recent dat...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2014.11.007
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last decade, the relationship between drug dosing and treatment efficacy for life-threatening fungal infections has been clarified by application of pharmacodynamic principles to the study of antifungal agents. Similar to antibacterials, antifungal agents can display static or cidal patterns of activity against...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2007.05.004
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The majority of kidney cancers are clear-cell carcinomas (ccRCC), characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol, cholesterol esters, other neutral lipids and glycogen. Rather than being a passive bystander, the clear-cell phenotype is suggested to be a biomarker of deregulated cholesterol and lipid biosynthesis, wh...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2012.08.002
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurodegenerative diseases represent a large group of neurological disorders with heterogeneous clinical and pathological profiles. The majority of current therapeutic strategies provide temporary symptomatic relief but do not target the underlying disease pathobiology and thus do not affect disease progression. G pro...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2017.02.001
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Somatostatin (SOM) is a regulatory peptide produced throughout the central nervous system and in most major peripheral organs. In humans, the SOM stable analogue octreotide (OCT) is used to treat opioid-resistant pain. In animal models, SOM and OCT are analgesics and SOM released from the peripheral endings of sensory...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(02)00007-3
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Early animal, menstrual phase and gender comparative studies inconsistently support an oestrogen-induced increase in fat oxidation during exercise. Recent advances from studies of cellular signalling and gene expression provide evidence for inter-tissue and intramuscular mechanisms that demonstrate oestrogen's promoti...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2012.02.008
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies have been used successfully to elucidate the roles of putative mediators of pulmonary disease. In particular, clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies directed against interleukin-5, IgE or CD4 yielded results that were critical in dissecting the pathophysiology of asthma; but, more importantly...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(01)00047-9
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In our enthusiasm to advocate apoptosis as a therapeutic strategy for the management of disease we need to be mindful that the clearance of apoptotic cells is itself immunomodulatory and that it may not always be as benign or beneficial as we think. Indeed, the existence of free apoptotic cells in situ may potentially...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2005.02.005
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of HIV protease inhibitors (HIV PIs) has been one of the most significant advances of the past two decades in controlling HIV infection. HIV PIs have been used successfully in highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV infection, which is currently the most effective treatment available. Inc...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2014.07.008
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11beta-HSDs) catalyse the interconversion of active cortisol and inert cortisone. Two isozymes have been discovered, each with unique properties and powerful biological roles. 11beta-HSD2 potently inactivates cortisol, protecting key tissues. By contrast, 11beta-HSD1 regenerates c...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2004.09.001
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent crystal structures of the bacterial ribosome have identified the complex molecular interactions involved in antibiotic-ribosome recognition. Insights into the binding of aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines and other antibiotics provide opportunities for computational, structure-based approaches to be use...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(02)00205-9
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic liver diseases with different etiologies represent a major public health issue worldwide. Liver fibrosis is the common feature of almost all chronic liver diseases and remains a key determinant of clinical prognosis. Over the last two decades, basic science studies have uncovered molecular mechanisms underlyin...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2019.09.006
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although only 5-10% of patients with asthma are relatively unresponsive to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids, refractory asthma represents an important condition, as these patients suffer considerable morbidity and mortality and consume a disproportionately large amount of health resource. Treatment options are l...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2007.03.001
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemokines in the brain have been recognised as essential elements in neurodegenerative diseases and related neuroinflammation. Recent studies suggest that in addition to the orchestration of chemotaxis of immune cells, chemokines are also involved in neurodevelopment and neurophysiological signalling. ...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1471-4892(01)00122-9
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical condition of potential life threatening destruction of skeletal muscle caused by diverse mechanisms including drugs and toxins. Given the fact that structurally not related compounds cause an identical phenotype pinpoints to common targets or pathways, responsible for executing rhabdomyoly...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2012.04.002
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Treatment of complex diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes or neurological disorders frequently warrants the utilization of drug combinations for therapeutic intervention. In fact, the most successful example is the current standard of care for HIV patients. However, identification of successful dr...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2018.07.008
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone remodelling is an essential process for shaping and maintaining bone mass in the mature skeleton. During our lifetime bone is constantly being removed by osteoclasts and new bone is formed by osteoblasts. The activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts must be regulated under a strict balance to ensure that bone ho...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2016.02.003
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a prominent cause of upper and lower respiratory tract disease in infants and the elderly, clinical options for treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections remain limited. Historically, attempts to develop vaccines have been unsuccessful, and rapid viral mutation rates have stifled development o...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2005.05.003
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Airway epithelial cells provide mechanical and immune protection against pathogens and allergens. Following activation, these cells produce a wide range of cytokines including thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Recently it was established that a high level of TSLP is associated with asthma in mice and in humans. The...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2008.03.002
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impressive remissions driven by immunological checkpoint blockade in cancer patients have prompted the scientific community to investigate afresh the crosstalk between cancer cells and the patient's immune system. Preclinical and clinical studies have highlighted that the anticancer efficacy of some conventional chemo...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2017.05.003
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropathic pain is the most important type of chronic pain because it is refractory to available medications. Neuropathic pain occurs after peripheral nerve injury (PNI) or nerve damage by various reasons. In recent decades, a growing body of evidence shows that spinal microglia and P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), a subtype o...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2019.02.001
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regulator of G protein signalling (RGS) proteins are GTPase-activating proteins for heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits, and are therefore physiologically and pathophysiologically important negative regulators of G-protein-coupled receptor signalling in the cardiovascular system. Owing to the functional redundancy...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2006.11.007
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the past decade, evidence has accumulated for the involvement of purines and purine receptors in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. In particular, the indirect bronchospasmic and inflammatory actions of purines via the activation and degranulation of mast ...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2004.01.010
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) has been proposed to contribute to pain transmission and inflammation and for these reasons to the mechanism of migraine. CGRP is, in fact, expressed in and released from a subset of polymodal primary sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion. Release of CGRP in the dorsal spina...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2008.12.007
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The repertoire of signal transduction pathways activated by dopamine in brain includes the increase of intracellular calcium. However the mechanism(s) by which dopamine activated this important second messenger system was/were unknown. Although we showed that activation of the D5 dopamine receptor increased calcium co...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2009.09.011
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is a chronic disease that increases susceptibility to various diseases, particularly cardiovascular dysfunction, type 2 diabetes, and some types of cancer. In this review, we highlighted recent evidence in mouse models that support a potential benefit of increasing adipose lipid utilization through stimulating...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2010.05.008
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human pluripotent stem cells can be differentiated into specific, relevant cell types of interest including the cells of the retina and optic nerve. These cells can then be used to study fundamental biology as well as disease modelling and subsequent screening of potential treatments. Many models of differentiation an...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2019.09.003
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast tumor kinase (Brk), also termed PTK6, is known to function in cell-type and context-dependent processes governing normal differentiation. However, in tumors in which Brk is overexpressed, this unusual soluble tyrosine kinase is emerging as a mediator of cancer cell phenotypes, including increased proliferation,...
journal_title：Current opinion in pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.coph.2010.08.007
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
