Photosynthetic characteristics of an amphibious plant, Eleocharis vivipara: Expression of C(4) and C(3) modes in contrasting environments.

abstract：:An unstable allele of the bronze 2 (bz2) locus was isolated from a Robertson's Mutator Zea mays line containing a family of active transposable Mu elements. This mutation is somatically unstable, resulting in numerous revertant purple sectors on a bronze kernel. By following the variegated kernel phenotype through two...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chandler VL,Walbot V

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flowering plants often prevent selfing through mechanisms of self-incompatibility (S.I.). The loss of S.I. has occurred many times independently, because it provides short-term advantages in situations where pollinators or mates are rare. The genus Capsella, which is closely related to Arabidopsis, contains a pair of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guo YL,Bechsgaard JS,Slotte T,Neuffer B,Lascoux M,Weigel D,Schierup MH

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Metals in one spatial dimension are described at the lowest energy scales by the Luttinger liquid theory. It is well understood that this free theory, and even interacting integrable models, can support ballistic transport of conserved quantities including energy. In contrast, realistic one-dimensional metals, even wi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bulchandani VB,Karrasch C,Moore JE

更新日期：2020-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A peptide containing 31 amino acids with inhibin-like activity has been synthesized by the solid-phase method. The synthetic product was shown to be homogeneous in high-performance liquid chromatography and paper electrophoresis. In the mouse pituitary incubation system, the follitropin-suppressing activity of the syn...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yamashiro D,Li CH,Ramasharma K,Sairam MR

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electronic nematicity, a correlated state that spontaneously breaks rotational symmetry, is observed in several layered quantum materials. In contrast to their liquid-crystal counterparts, the nematic director cannot usually point in an arbitrary direction (XY nematics), but is locked by the crystal to discrete direct...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ishida K,Tsujii M,Hosoi S,Mizukami Y,Ishida S,Iyo A,Eisaki H,Wolf T,Grube K,V Löhneysen H,Fernandes RM,Shibauchi T

更新日期：2020-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A retrovirus containing the entire human platelet-derived growth factor B-chain (PDGF-B) gene was constructed in order to investigate the in vivo biological activity of its encoded growth factor. When this virus was introduced into newborn mice, it reproducibly generated fibrosarcomas at the site of inoculation. Provi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pech M,Gazit A,Arnstein P,Aaronson SA

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common genetic disorder characterized by excess absorption of dietary iron and progressive iron deposition in several tissues, particularly liver. The vast majority of individuals with HH are homozygous for mutations in the HFE gene. Recently a second transferrin receptor (TFR2) wa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fleming RE,Ahmann JR,Migas MC,Waheed A,Koeffler HP,Kawabata H,Britton RS,Bacon BR,Sly WS

更新日期：2002-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:WIN antiviral compounds bind human rhinovirus, as well as enterovirus and parechovirus, in an internal cavity located within the viral protein capsid. Access to the buried pocket necessitates deviation from the average viral protein structure identified by crystallography. We investigated the dissociation of WIN 52084...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Y,Zhou Z,Post CB

更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The transthyretin amyloidoses (ATTR) are invariably fatal diseases characterized by progressive neuropathy and/or cardiomyopathy. ATTR are caused by aggregation of transthyretin (TTR), a natively tetrameric protein involved in the transport of thyroxine and the vitamin A-retinol-binding protein complex. Mutations with...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bulawa CE,Connelly S,Devit M,Wang L,Weigel C,Fleming JA,Packman J,Powers ET,Wiseman RL,Foss TR,Wilson IA,Kelly JW,Labaudinière R

更新日期：2012-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophage foam cells are integral in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Gene expression analysis of lesional macrophage foam cells is complicated by the cellular heterogeneity of atherosclerotic plaque and the presence of lesions of various degrees of severity. To overcome these limitations, we tested the ab...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Trogan E,Choudhury RP,Dansky HM,Rong JX,Breslow JL,Fisher EA

更新日期：2002-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Local tissue stem cells have been described in airways of the lung but their contribution to normal epithelial maintenance is currently unknown. We therefore developed aggregation chimera mice and a whole-lung imaging method to determine the relative contributions of progenitor (Clara) and bronchiolar stem cells to ep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giangreco A,Arwert EN,Rosewell IR,Snyder J,Watt FM,Stripp BR

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In spite of the diversity of possible biological forms observed in nature, a limited range of morphospace is frequently occupied for a given trait. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this bias in the distribution of phenotypes including selection, drift, and developmental constraints. Despite extensive w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malagón JN,Ahuja A,Sivapatham G,Hung J,Lee J,Muñoz-Gómez SA,Atallah J,Singh RS,Larsen E

更新日期：2014-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The structures of the rearranged c-myc gene products derived from a rcp T(12;15) have been investigated in the MPC-11 (IgG2b kappa) plasmacytoma. The rcp T(12;15) in MPC-11 is a reciprocal exchange between the c-myc gene on chromosome 15 and the immunoglobulin gamma 2a switch region (S gamma 2a) on chromosome 12. The ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stanton LW,Yang JQ,Eckhardt LA,Harris LJ,Birshtein BK,Marcu KB

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Orai1 and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) mediate store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in immune cells. STIM1, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) sensor, detects store depletion and interacts with plasma membrane (PM)-resident Orai1 channels at the ER-PM junctions. However, the molecular composition of these ju...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Woo JS,Srikanth S,Nishi M,Ping P,Takeshima H,Gwack Y

更新日期：2016-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Malaria control is threatened by a limited pipeline of effective pharmaceuticals against drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum Components of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) are attractive targets for drug development, owing to exploitable differences between the parasite and human ETC. Disru...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lane KD,Mu J,Lu J,Windle ST,Liu A,Sun PD,Wellems TE

更新日期：2018-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomes of hyperthermophilic Archaea encode dozens of methylation guide, C/D box small RNAs that guide 2'-O-methylation of ribose to specific sites in rRNA and various tRNAs. The genes encoding the Sulfolobus homologues of eukaryotic proteins that are known to be present in C/D box small nucleolar ribonucleoprotei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Omer AD,Ziesche S,Ebhardt H,Dennis PP

更新日期：2002-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The local conformations of proteins and peptides are determined by the amino acid sequence. However, the 20 amino acids encoded by the genome allow the peptide backbone to fold into many conformations, so that even for a small peptide it becomes very difficult to predict the three-dimensional structure. By using empir...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burgess AW

更新日期：1994-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclic AMP (cAMP) and calcium are ubiquitous, interdependent second messengers that regulate a wide range of cellular processes. During development of neuronal networks they are critical for the first step of circuit formation, transducing signals required for axon pathfinding. Surprisingly, the spatial and temporal c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nicol X,Hong KP,Spitzer NC

更新日期：2011-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:An evolutionary framework for viewing the formation, the stability, the organizational structure, and the social dynamics of biological families is developed. This framework is based upon three conceptual pillars: ecological constraints theory, inclusive fitness theory, and reproductive skew theory. I offer a set of 1...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Emlen ST

更新日期：1995-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In the usual Darwinian case in which struggle for existence leads to density limitations on the environment's carrying capacity, R. A. Fisher's reproductive-value concept reduces to zero for every initial age group. To salvage some meaning for Fisher's notion, two variant reproductive-value concepts are defined here: ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Samuelson PA

更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An ability to safely harness the powerful regenerative potential of adult stem cells for clinical applications is critically dependent on a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms regulating their activity. Epithelial organoid cultures accurately recapitulate many features of in vivo stem cell-driven ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murakami K,Terakado Y,Saito K,Jomen Y,Takeda H,Oshima M,Barker N

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Noniridescent coloration by the spongy keratin in parrot feather barbs has fascinated scientists. Nonetheless, its ultimate origin remains as yet unanswered, and a quantitative structural and optical description is still lacking. Here we report on structural and optical characterizations and numerical simulations of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yin H,Dong B,Liu X,Zhan T,Shi L,Zi J,Yablonovitch E

更新日期：2012-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Although introduced hemosporidian (malaria) parasites (Apicomplexa: Haemosporida) have hastened the extinction of endemic bird species in the Hawaiian Islands and perhaps elsewhere, little is known about the temporal dynamics of endemic malaria parasite populations. Haemosporidian parasites do not leave informative fo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soares L,Latta SC,Ricklefs RE

更新日期：2017-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We propose a phenomenological theory that accounts for entropic effects due to loop formation to predict pathways in the kinetics of protein folding. The theory, the basis of which lies in multiple folding pathways and a three-stage kinetics, qualitatively reproduces most of the kinetic measurements in the refolding o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Camacho CJ,Thirumalai D

更新日期：1995-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintaining the fidelity of nascent peptide chain (NP) synthesis is essential for proteome integrity and cellular health. Ribosome-associated quality control (RQC) serves to resolve stalled translation, during which untemplated Ala/Thr residues are added C terminally to stalled peptide, as shown during C-terminal Ala ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li S,Wu Z,Tantray I,Li Y,Chen S,Dong J,Glynn S,Vogel H,Snyder M,Lu B

更新日期：2020-10-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutational inactivation of the retinoblastoma (RB) gene has been implicated in the genesis of retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma, and other human tumors. Our strategy has been to characterize naturally occurring mutants from tumor cells to pinpoint potential domains of RB protein crucial for tumor suppression. We show here ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shew JY,Lin BT,Chen PL,Tseng BY,Yang-Feng TL,Lee WH

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 5' end of a eukaryotic mRNA transcript generally has a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) cap that protects mRNA from degradation and mediates almost all other aspects of gene expression. Some RNAs in Escherichia coli, yeast, and mammals were recently found to contain an NAD+ cap. Here, we report the development of the metho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang H,Zhong H,Zhang S,Shao X,Ni M,Cai Z,Chen X,Xia Y

更新日期：2019-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:A major barrier to transitions to environmental sustainability is that consumers lack information about the full environmental footprints of their purchases. Sellers' incentives do not support reducing the footprints unless customers have such information and are willing to act on it. We explore the potential of moder...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Isley SC,Stern PC,Carmichael SP,Joseph KM,Arent DJ

更新日期：2016-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Site-directed spin labeling EPR (SDSL-EPR) was used to determine the structure of the inhibitory region of TnI in the intact cardiac troponin ternary complex. Maeda and collaborators have modeled the inhibitory region of TnI (skeletal 96-112: the structural motif that communicates the Ca(2+) signal to actin) as a kink...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown LJ,Sale KL,Hills R,Rouviere C,Song L,Zhang X,Fajer PG

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men but has highly variable outcomes, highlighting the need for biomarkers to determine which patients can be managed conservatively. Few large prostate oncogenome resources currently exist that combine the molecular and clinical outcome data necessary to discov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hieronymus H,Schultz N,Gopalan A,Carver BS,Chang MT,Xiao Y,Heguy A,Huberman K,Bernstein M,Assel M,Murali R,Vickers A,Scardino PT,Sander C,Reuter V,Taylor BS,Sawyers CL

更新日期：2014-07-29 00:00:00